The acidity zvemukaka: chii, sei kuziva chii chinoratidza

Cow mukaka - chimwe chezvinhu anobatsira zvinhu kuti vakuru nevana zvakafanana. Rine vazhinji yenhengo waiti muviri. A zvinoriumba akadai mapuroteni, shuga uye mafuta zvakanakisisa Wakanyura mumuviri womunhu. The epamusoro kwevari puroteni mumukaka, saka zviri zvakawanda chaizvo. Saka, kuwedzera nhanho mapuroteni - iri rinokosha chaizvo uye nguva basa. Munyika dzakabudirira, hafu mari chigadzirwa kunoenderana zvakananga puroteni kugutsikana. Kuti izvi zvidaro, Vagadziri mukaka nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka vanofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti mhou zvaichengetwa ezvinhu akanaka uye zvokudya akapfuma mavhitaminzi.

Zvakakosha chaizvo kudzorwa acidity zvakare, sezvo iri nyaya chigadzirwa prokisaniya, akanga ava kukodzera kutengeswa kune vatengi.

Chii chinoratidza kuti acidity mukaka?

Makemikari anoumba mukaka hunotsigirwa zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvinonzi kuchinjwa ezvinhu pemhuka yevasungwa, ake vasiri ezvinhu uye zvakawanda. Pfungwa paumbwe mukaka panzvimbo yakaoma, inosidzikwa kuti mamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza hwemhuka pokugara. On kwayo inotungamirwa uye secretion pamusoro paavhareji ukaparadza 10% vose zvinovaka muviri, izvo vanosvika kupinda mammary shwanu kuti ropa. Saka, nokuti mumwe fő kuti mukaka zvinokosha kuti kubudikidza mammary shwanu yakanga marita anenge mazana mashanu ropa. ehupfumi ayo dzichichinja, kutangira panguva une arayire kusvikira zvasvika kuguma mutengi. Mukaka yakasiyana mune sezvamunoita. Saka, muna colostrum ine makumi maviri muzana yakawanda mapuroteni kupfuura zvavo, zvichiita zvikuru zvikuru. mukaka kwakadaro wayo sezvamunoita ine yakawanda zvinovaka muviri uye zvicherwa. Just colostrum rine shoma nhamba yakaviriswa tupukanana tusingaoneki, kuubvumira kuramba matsva kwenguva yakareba sezvingabvira.

mwero acidity

Panguva kuchengetwa, yakavira mukaka kubudikidza chiito zvigare iyo kutanga mairi uchiora lactose, nokuda chii paumbwe lactic asidhi ikawanda acidity pamwero Its kunoratidzwa madhigirii Turner (T).

Just milked mukaka ane mwero acidity 16-18 T. Asi mukuwedzera nenhamba idzi, chinokosha unhu chinhu buffer. The mukaka zvinoriumba varipo, ayo ph kubudikidza kuwedzera acids uye alkalies havana kushanduka. The yepamusoro buffering vanokwanisa, chikuru runodiwa reagents kuti ph kuchinja. Just zvakawedzera acidity zvemukaka iri kuchengetwa Mhou nokufurira muzhizha mu Mafuro kana minda apo zviyo zviri akura. Izvi imhaka yokuti murwiyo uswa uye zviyo ungaderedza karusiyamu mumatunhu. Masayendisiti refu vaainge ari karusiyamu zviri mukaka uye dheri tusingaoneki. It kunoratidzwa kuti duku karusiyamu mumukaka, dzakanga ayo acidity. Saizvozvowo, nokuwedzera kuti karusiyamu zviri zvokudya, acidity indekisi kunoderedza.

A Mudziyo nokuti kuyera acidity

Kuziva acidity mukaka, varimi uye dzimwe vagadziri vanoshandisa zano yakarongerwa unonzi munhu ph-mita. Maererano mudziyo pakutanga akayera EMF (electromotive simba) kuti electronic hurongwa. Zvadaro anowedzera akayera mukaka chigadzirwa tembiricha. At ichi ph kukosha, inosidzikwa 20 cant., Akatsunga pedyo zvikuru yaiwana nzira.

Ph-mita kuyera acidity zvinoreva dheri uye chikafu indasitiri. Inogona kushandiswa kuyera acidity mukaka nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka.

Nzira iyi Pakusarudza acidity zvemukaka iri nhasi vaiona kupfuura yakarurama.

Mugumisiro ph mita

Kuti tizive padanho mukaka ari acidic mikroogranizmov, kana kuti chero mamwe romukaka chigadzirwa Switch mudziyo iri kunyudzwa, iyo unotora munhu tembiricha rwokuyeresa electrode uye sirivha chloride bhuku electrode. Zvino, uchishandisa vakatsunga tishandurwe ph electromotive simba iro ikabuda chigadzirwa netembiricha kwayo.

Uyezve Masvomhu dzinobva nzira yemaitiro.

Chii titratable acidity?

The acidity zvibereko riri semhosva tichishingaira uye titrated.

Kuti tizive mashandiro wechipiri zvinokosha kushandisa alkali titration. Kazhinji, kunzwisisa makemikari kwacho, umo achazviisa ne titratable acidity mumukaka. Its dhigirii pamusoro 16-18 Titratable acidity T. colostrum 5-6 T kupfuura mukaka dzose. Izvi nokuti yekudyidzana kwakakwidziridzwa pamwero serum mapurotini. Kana tikatarisa mukaka kubva mhuka vanorwara kana akwegura zvakafanira, zvinopesana acidity kwavo 5-8 T achava yakaderera kupfuura mukaka kubva kumhuka utano. chakarurama kwakadaro chokuita kuvapo munyu - chlorides. Uyewo pane titratable acidity, uyewo basa, zvakasimba kuchinjwa ezvinhu umo mhuka zvirimowo, genetics ayo, zvokudya, erudzi uye utano hwavo. Somuenzaniso, panyaya iri inosimbisa kuchashaikwa munyu titratable acidity mukaka achava 23-24 T. In nhamba idzi chigadzirwa iri pachena kuti akurumidze acidification.

Largest titratable acidity kudzorwa kugadzira pezvakaitwa mukaka kwete chete, asiwo vose nomukaka zvinogadzirwa kuti nomunyika lactic asidhi chinovira.

mwero yepamusoro

MuRussia, uine zvinodiwa kuti vakasangana nevanhu mukaka. GOST 31450-2013 - unhu mureza ichishanda pakumwa mukaka, dzaizara mu nevatengi kavha pashure Kupisa kurapwa. Maererano zvinodiwa, chigadzirwa haafaniri ane flakes akagonya mafuta nemavhinga. Maererano GOST, mukaka anofanira kuva chena yunifomu ruvara pamwe rinokwanisa kucheneruka - nokuti mafuta isina chigadzirwa, nechiedza ruomba - nokuti pasteurized Cream mumvuri uye kudziyisa. An chinokosha chokukomborerwa unhu ndiyo kusavapo extraneous kunhuwirira uye manakiro.

Maererano ayo unhu mukaka rinobatsira unogona kutsiva vakawanda zvigadzirwa, asi kwete mumwe chigadzirwa hapana chinotsiva mukaka. Kuwedzera kwemafuta, mapuroteni uye makabhohaidhiretsi zviri pakati nepakati reshiyo mairi, mumukaka karusiyamu aripo riri nyore kunyura pachitunha.