The urovha mwero Russia muna 2014 uye for 2015. The simba kwemabasa mu Russia

Pfungwa kwemabasa, maererano ILO nzira, iyo iri kushandiswa dzakachinjwa muchimiro kubudikidza Rosstat, ndiyo nhamba uwandu zvemari kushingaira kwevanhu munyika makore 15 kusvika 72 makore kuvanhu panguva yacho yokudzidza akatsvaka basa kana vanofarira kuwana basa.

Specificity tinyatsonzwisisa padanho urovha muRussia

The urovha mwero Russia takatsunga nokutora nyaya parameters maviri:

• Kuwanda mafomu kuti basa basa.
• Kuongororwa zvabuda vokuparidzira ongororo pamusoro matambudziko, izvo kushanda mukati 0,6% of zvachose kwevanhu munyika.

Mumwe muzvina, muRussia akaongorora pakati sezvakarayirwa 65 000 vanhu vane makore 15 kusvika 72 makore. Mugore, nhamba vanhu vakabvunzurudzwa mari kuti zvuru 260 vanhu.

Rosstat

Maererano Rosstat mharidzo kuongorora vokuparidzira, muna April 2015 ari kwemabasa mwero Russia asvika dimikira 5.8%. Zviri vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 4.4. Employment mabasa yakanyorwa asingasviki mamiriyoni 1 rovha. Kuti mashoko aya yaitungamirirwa purezidhendi munyika panguva kutaura kwake kutungamirira muna April 2015 pakupera pamushumo wegore. Maererano mafungiro musarudzo, muna February 2015, vanenge 27% yevanhu akacherekedza zvinoderedza uwandu vashandi vari mabhizimisi munyika pakupera 2014 - kutanga 2015. Maererano mashoko inopiwa neHurumende Statistics Service, mumakore gumi adarika, kubva urovha mwero Russia ranged pakati 5.3% muna 2014 uye 8.2% muna 2009, iyo vazhinji uchayeuka somunhu dambudziko. Kazhinji, mugore rapera, maererano nenhamba, mamiriro ezvinhu anenge chete hwakavandudzika.

Urovha muRussia muna January - April 2015

Maererano nokutsvakurudza kwakaitwa nguva kubva January kusvika April, chikuru urovha mwero rakanyoreswa muRepublic of Ingushetia. The paakati akanzwika kukosha 29.9% muna April gore rino. In vakasara North Caucasus chinoda uye muna Kalmykia, muna Trans-Baikal nharaunda uye muna Sevastopol, munharaunda Zimbabwe vokuTuva uye Nenets zvionera kwemabasa yakasvika 10%. Zviratidzi mukati 3% zvakanyorwa chete muMoscow uye St. Petersburg. Nechepakati kwenyika chinoratidza iri kana pasi kana asina kupfuura zvepanyama mwero kwemabasa mu Russia (5.8%). Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, urovha rinosvika tsika 6-8% of zvachose vanoshingaira vakawanda pamwe paavhareji 7%. Official nhamba regai kupa chero chikonzero chokuvhunduka.

Statistics kutsvaga zvikumbiro

The simba kwemabasa mu Russia yakabudirira yakawana nenhamba anotsvaka neshoko "nzvimbo". Somuenzaniso, yakawedzera 94.2% munguva kubva March 2013 kusvika April 2015 nhamba zvikumbiro. Raiva chokupedzisira chaanopa okupedzisira maviri apfuura. It akaumba munhu musoro chaizvo mamiriro ezvinhu. Pasinei hurongwa kuvandudzika pamutemo dzemitambo, vanhu vari kunyanya kushingaira kutsvaka basa. Mubvunzo naveivaet zvinhu. Muna March 2013 yebasa kwemabasa mwero aiva 5.7 chete%, izvo hwaienzanirana nokuwanda paIndaneti zvokubvunza. Saizvozvowo, kuwedzera kwemabasa mu March 2015 kwakaita kuti kuwedzera paIndaneti basa vaitsvaka muna 1.94 nguva. Kana iwe uchatamisa nhamba queries neshoko "nzvimbo" pamusoro kubva muzana, zvingava kuti wakabura 11%. Kutaura zvazviri yave rinoziviswa pamusoro kukura mwero 0.1 chete%. The chiri nyore akatsanangura kuti havasi mukuru chete, asiwo kwemabasa mu Russia yakavanzwa. An kuwedzera nhamba yevaya vari pamutemo kuti basa, asi panguva imwe chete kana kushanda chikamu-nguva, kana kwete zvachose kubatikana. Tsvaka mabasa paIndaneti - ichi ndechimwe zvikuru nevanhu dzakasiyana nhasi. Kuita izvozvo, kunyange vaya vari pasi nokutyisidzirwa kudzingwa, izvo anoisa imwe rupawo pamusoro nenhamba.

Monitoring mumunda basa

Muna February 2015, vamiririri Public Opinion Foundation ichiitwa wemauto richiona zvinhu munyika. Maererano mashoko zvaibvira kuona zvinotevera nhamba:

• Job kurasikirwa pakati pehama vakati 31% pane.
• About yokuderedza emakambani dzavo vaiti haana asingasviki 27% zvevanhu vose zvichiongororwa.
• 39% of vakabvunzurudzwa rinotarisa pamatunhu mukana kurasikirwa nebasa ravo.
• Not asingasviki 19% yokudzidza vechikamu vakanga vachitaura pamusoro kwemabasa mumakambani avo zvakavanzika.

Kana tikaenzanisa zvinhu pamwe dambudziko ra2008, apo urovha mwero yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru, asi nhasi zvose zvakawanda kana zvishoma kugadzikana, sezvinoratidzwa pamutemo mashoko. Panguva iyoyowo, vakabvunzurudzwa zhinji akacherechedza kudzikira.

Ndeipi ezvinhu 2014?

The urovha mwero Russia muna 2014, nyanzvi dzakawanda kuyeuka sei yakaoma. Maererano Rosstat, apo uwandu zvemari havashande vanhu kuenzaniswa vanhu 151,000. Muchirwisa colour ari kuitika zvoupfumi mamiriro, penyanzvi haana kurega kutaura pamusoro mberi nokuderera maitiro. Mvumo vamiririri Federal State Statistics Service akakwanisa kuverenga kwemabasa mwero Russia muna September 2014 yakanga chete 4.9%, asi October nenhamba vaiva zvikuru kuipa panguva 5.1%. Analysis akaratidza kuti chinonyanya sei mamiriro ndivo vanhu vanga munyaya private zvekutepfenyura. The kushurudzira rakaitirwa pakuti urovha mwero chichange wakaiswa kwegore kuRussia, kusanganisira nhema.

Urovha mumakore 2008-2009 dambudziko makore 2014-2015, uye

Panguva dambudziko 2008-2009, mashoko okutanga pamusoro kukura kwemabasa akanga vakabvuma kuti vezvenhau vari October 2008. The huru chinozunguzirwa rakafukidza nyika chete pashure 7-8 mwedzi, munguva kubva January kusvika April 2009. Misiyano mukuita ukaonekwa imwe remunharaunda chechinyorwa. Information nezvokusikwa mabasa matsva, izvo kazhinji pachena panguva, akaonekwa ave hazvinyaradzi chaizvo nyanzvi. Somuenzaniso, 40 zviuru mabasa matsva, izvo akakwanisa kusika kuFar East, maererano mashoko yakapiwa EMISS, anenge hapana chachinja muchiedza chokuti mukuru mamiriro "asingashandi" rave basa 224,2 zviuru. People. Zvichienzaniswa nezvinetso 2008 ari kwemabasa mwero Russia muna 2015 ane zvakasiyana chaizvo hunhu. The kuwedzera nokuda kuwedzera kwemabasa hwakavigwa, iyo kunotadzisa chero mukana nekururama uye rationally vaongorore kwemasayendisiti kuitika upfumi. Positive munzanga mwoyo kunogona akaramba nokuda yakaderera pamutemo nenhamba, izvo, maererano vakawanda vanoongorora uye maindasitiri nyanzvi dziri kure chokwadi. The ezvinhu aripo ane inokanganisa nokugara zvakanaka kwevanhu upenyu.

Ndoupi musiyano pakati ezvinhu 2008 uye 2014

The urovha mwero Russia muna 2014 iri kukura kwete pamutemo, sezvo zvakanga muna 2008. Izvi imhaka dzakasiyana hunhu administrative sarudzo, pakatanga zvirongwa zvitsva kurwisa urovha uye kukura nhamba chakavanzarika, chinova kutonetsa kufungisisa muna Federal State Statistics Service rinoshuma. Dambudziko iri nguva pakati kunonosa management zvisarudzo uye nguva apo vachapa inotarisirwa zvabuda. At moyo kuzvivako zviyero chinhu nyanzvi apiwa kudzidzisa, izvo kwete chete anopa pakarepo chaizvoizvo, asi haripi pfupi basa. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu kuwedzerwa chokuti Ulyukayev, uyo akashanda se musoro Bazi Economy, akaita zvakataurwa kumisa zvirongwa mari kuti tikunde kwemabasa tichifunga nezvokuti mukuru kwemabasa mwero munyika Russia yakanga nani zvikuru pane kutarisirwa.

Chii chichaitika mune 2015?

Against pakanyorwa unopfuurira kuderera mune mutengo mafuta pakutanga 2015 (January-February) uye yakafanana kwakaderera ari Ruble, nezvoupfumi aitaura kupinda mamiriro upfumi kupinda kudzikira. Kupindura mubvunzo pamusoro chii pamwero kwemabasa mu Russia zvichava 2015, vakawanda pfungwa zvisingadzivisiki kupera nokuda nechando vazhinji aronga uye kunopfuurira zvirongwa, uyewo nyaya kwokupedzisira kuvhara makambani mazhinji. Domestic mamiriro ezvinhu munyika zveupfumi havana kubatsira kumirira idenda kwemabasa prices. Kana muna 2009 zvaigoneka kuchengeta chamunowana 8.3%, hazvina zvakakodzera kumirira kuguma 2015 indekisi anopfuura 6.4% pamusoro 5,5% muna 2014. Tichienzanisa nedzimwe nyika weboka nyika zviitiko haisi nemafashamo. Saka, Spain kwemakore anoverengeka, havagoni kukurira mwero 25%, Greece - 25,8%, ukuwo France neAustria - 10%.

Official mashoko hurumende

Bazi zvoupfumi munyika rinoshandisa ndechokuti kwemabasa mwero Russia, izvo zvakapa Nhamba kubva pamutemo manyuko, achamuka pachiyero 6.4%. Kuwanda havashande vaigona kusvika vanenge zviuru 434 vanhu. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu achabudiswa mumatauriro pachiyero mibairo, izvo akaronga kuderedza ne 9.6% pakazopera 2015 (zvichienzaniswa 3.5% muna 2008). Izvi nokuda rutapudzo mari zvemari mikana. Kutarisirwa kuwedzera urombo mwero kubva 11% muna 2014 kusvika 12.4% muna 2015. Maererano Zvaifungidzirwa Igorya Nikolaeva, vakashumira sezvo Kumutungamiriri FBK Strategic Analysis Dhipatimendi, kana kuguma 2015, indekisi rinomira panguva kukosha 6.4%, nepo muna 2016-2017 zvichiita kuchengeta ayo unopinza kuwedzera. Forecast vamiririri Centre nokuda kwemashoko Hse rinoti vakawanda dambudziko kwakakanganisa avo sectors hwenyika, zvokutengeserana uye kuvaka, mabasa uye ushanyi. Dzakaoma vachava vamiririri zvekutepfenyura zvemari. Pangozi kudzingwa rinodonongodza zvakanakisisa-unyanzvi vashandi hofisi. Ratidza kuti Zvaifungidzirwa ose chete zvichaitika uye zvekungofungira, funga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu chaizvoizvo zvichiita pane zvimwe zvikamu uye nokuda zvose mukuru uye ndibatsireiwo mashoko.