Urongwa yakasiyana mepu? hwakadzama ongororo

Nyaya rinotaura pamusoro chii zano iri rakasiyana mepu, chii chinangwa chavo, chii maonero avo uye apo kushandisa.

The makarekare

Munguva dzekare, pamberi kwakapararira kukura uye hwomukova yakaoma, vanhu vakatanga kuunganidza kadhi yokutanga. Kusanganisira gungwa. Asi nokuda kusakwana (kana kusavapo) midziyo rokutanga ivhu ravo, kuti akariisa zvinyoronyoro, kururama haana kusiyana kwazvo uye zvakasiyana zvichienderana nharaunda uye hachishandi. Kazhinji nokuda nekusagona kuumba zvakarurama kutungamirirwa uye dzimwe compilers kuripa chanaka ichi.

Asi kuMiddle Ages, ichi chaiva nane, kunyanya nokuuya guru nenzvimbo zvakawanwa cartography akatanga kuva zvakawanda. Asi urongwa akasiyana kadhi? Uye chii yavo chinangwa? In ichi isu vachanzwisisa.

mepu

Maererano yepamutemo tsanangudzo, mepu - ichi mufananidzo pamusoro paNyika pamwe placement zvinhu, imwe tsanangudzo kure uye pamwero zvakajeka. Uye mepu akasiyana chaizvo mumwe zvichienderana kuenda uye mhando. Kutamiswa padenga bepa inogona yose hemisphere, uyewo mamwe kumatunhu makondinendi.

Kune mhando nhatu chikuru vavo - Kazhinji nzvimbo, Category uye socio-mune zvoupfumi.

Geographic zvinhu zvakajeka zviri kwakaita nzvimbo yacho paNyika, kukwira, mibhedha dzenzizi, makungwa, madziva, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

Musoro vakazvitsaurira kuna mumwe zviitiko, nzvimbo, maguta kana dzakadaro. Somuenzaniso, munhu dondo kuchengeterwa, nzvimbo mumakomo, kungofamba mudungwe munzira kana guta.

anoratidza Socio-zvemari kwete chete chikamu kondinendi, asi kuratidza chinzvimbo chacho. Somuenzaniso, pamusoro nhamba uye mhando chirimwa akura, kuti dzokubudisa zvicherwa kana rwokuzvarwa nharaunda - the inowanzorimwa, dondo, gwenga, etc. Panewo yakafanana mepu inogona kunzi enyika, achiratidza uwane pepa rehurukuro wehurumende pamiganhu uye Uwandu Hwevanhu, izvo zvinoreva nhamba yevanhu kana kukura kwayo uye kuderera.

With ichi isu vanzwisisa, asi urongwa akasiyana kadhi?

urongwa

Plan - ichi haisi mepu iri kwakajairika mupfungwa, zvakasiyana panzvimbo yokutanga pamwero, kushaya Geographic coordinates Somuenzaniso, akadai meridians. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuti urongwa rinoratidza chikamu chiduku nzvimbo pamwechete zviratidzo yokupedzisira. Zvinogona kunge yepamutemo, achiita zvaidiwa chinhu uye daro ratios uye mukaravhani, kwete akasiyana ndeechokwadi zvakarurama, asi zvirokwazvo pfungwa.

Plans uye mepu akafanana avo chinangwa, vose kudikanwa nyika navigation, asi kushumira zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, mashoko okutanga aigona kuva uwandu, kuratidza zvose zvivako uye pfuma miganhu, nyika, kana kubvisa, maererano iyo vanhu kana moto kana zvimwe tsaona abude mumba.

Uyewo, nezano kazhinji akaita mumamiriro ezvinhu pasina mukana kushandisa mepu kana yayo yose haisi kukwana. Saka zvino tinoziva chii zano akasiyana kadhi.

yazvino

With kukura Aerospace Mapping nyore zvikuru. The ndechokuti satellites iri muchadenga kutsungirira basa iri zvakakwana, achibatsirwa optics, kunyange zviduku zvinhu anogona kunzi, kana zvichikodzera, munhu.

Kwenguva refu Satellite mepu aiwanika chete nemauto, asi zvikuru ichangopfuura nokuuya Indaneti muupenyu hwedu vacho kuwana munhu wose. Vari weekly kakawanda kupfuura zvatinosiita bepa, uye kushandisa nyore. Kuwedzera panyika, vari kureva akakodzera mashoko akasiyana - mazita emaguta, migwagwa, imba nhamba vane mashoko ari basa masangano siyana, etc.

Uyewo munokosha nezvenyu, uye dzomugungwa mepu izvo ave anoperekedza vengarava.

To muchidimbu: mepu - munhu nenzvimbo mufananidzo Nyika pamwe chaiwo zviratidzo uye akamboona. A urongwa - guru mufananidzo kwenzvimbo kana dzimba, varipo zvinogona zvose zvechokwadi uye zvikuru muenzaniso wakanaka.

Zviri musiyano ichi pakati zano mepu.