Vladimir Mayakovsky. "Enda kune Revolution"

Chiitiko chakanyanya mukurumbira weRussia muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, chichichinja zvachose kuvepo kwayo, hachikwanise asi chikawana kuratidzira kwayo mumabasa epi zvinyorwa zvipi zvaivo vairarama munguva ino inokosha. Asi kune vamwe vavo, nyaya iyi yave iine simba.

Singer Revolution

Nhamba dzakawanda dzemitambo dzakagadziriswa pamusana pekuziva kwevanhu. Maererano netsika yakagadzirwa panguva yeSoviet nguva yezvakaitika kare, zita remunyori wezvinyorwa Vladimir Mayakovsky harina kufananidzwa nechifananidzo chekushanduka kweRussia. Uye nokuda kweukama hwakadaro kune zvikonzero zvakanaka chaizvo. Munyori wenhetembo "Ode kusvika kuRevolution" akamupa kuchema hupenyu hwose hunoziva. Akazviita zvakashata uye kuzvikudza. Uye saizvozvowo vakawanda veaaishanda navo mubasa rekunyora, Mayakovsky haana kukotamisa mwoyo wake. Zvisikwa zvakabuda kubva pasi pepeni rake zvakabva mumoyo wakachena. Yakanga yakanyorwa nenzira ine tarenda, sezvose zvakaitwa naMayakovsky. "Ode kuRevolution" ndeimwe yemabasa ake epakutanga. Asi hazvirevi mudzidzi, munyori wenhetembo akazviratidza mairi seasati atanga tenzi. Ane maitiro ake pachake, mifananidzo yake uye mazwi ake.

Chii chakaitwa naMayakovsky? "Enda kune revolution" - kutya kana kufara?

Iyi nhetembo yakave yakanyorwa muna 1918 mukutsvaira kutsva kwezviitiko zvekuchinja. Uye chete pakutarisa kwekutanga zvinoratidzika sechinhu chisina kufanira. Hongu, munyori wenhema anotora nemoyo wake wose kuchinja kwevekuitwa. Zvaisingaitiki, akanzwa uye akafanotaura mukutanga yezvinyorwa zvake zvinyorwa. Asi kunyange kunyatsorongororwa kweMayakovsky nhetembo "Ode kusvika kuRevolution" haibvumiri kuchengeta kupesana kunopesana kunoitwa nemunyori mumhepo inoputika yezviitiko zvinoramba zvichiitika. Kubwinya kwekugadzirisazve nyika kunongomiridzirwa chete nezvipikiso zvisina kufanira zvakakwana, izvo Mayakovsky anokomborera kuenderera mberi kweshanduko - "bestial", "mwana", "asingadhuri", asi panguva imwechete, pasina mubvunzo, "mukuru." Kufarira mberi kwekuita kwekuzvarwa kwenyika itsva hakubvumi nenzira ipi zvayo kutyisa nekunyangadza kunoitika munyaya ino. Kuverenga Mayakovsky, zvakaoma kusayeuka dictum inonyanyozivikanwa yemutungamiri wenyika yepasi rose kuti "kuchinja kwezvinhu hakusi kuitwa mumagetsi maghena." Lenin aiziva zvaaitaura nezvazvo. Uye mudetembi akaziva zvaainyora pamusoro. Mifananidzo yake haana kubvisa kubva pakurota kwepabonde, asi kubva kune zvakapoteredza.

Vladimir Mayakovsky, "Ode kuRevolution." Kuongororwa kwemaitiro ekunyora

Chinhu chokutanga chinoshandiswa nebasa iri ndechekuyerera chirevo uye, zvinoratidzika, chinyararire chemifananidzo. Asi muzvivakwa zvakadai zvakasiyana-siyana hapana mhirizhonga, kana mukana. Zvose zvinopfuurira mberi kwemaziso epfungwa zvinowirirana zvinopindirana nemashoko ekunyora. Nhetembo iyi muenzaniso wakanaka wezvakaitwa ma Mayakovsky ekutanga. "Ode kuRevolution" ndechimwe chepurogiramu yake inoshanda. Zvinowanzogamuchirwa kuti maitiro akawanda ekunyora maitiro a Mayakovsky akweretwa kubva kuEurope futurist vanyori vekutanga kwezana remakore. Asi kunyange kana iwe uchibvumirana neshoko iri, iwe haugoni kumupa chikwereti nokuda kwekunaka kwechimiro chezvinhu izvi zvakakweretwa zvinoshandiswa mumitauro yeRussia. Pamberi pekuonekwa kwaMayakovsky mauri, zvakadai sepakutanga zvaiita sezviri nyore.

Kubva pakusvika kweHururism kusvika kuHumanist Realism

Ndizvo chete nezvezviitiko zve1917 izvo Mayakovsky akanyora mubasa rake? "Ode kuRevolution" inotipa chikonzero chekutaura zvakajeka kwechirevo ichi. Icho chinewo chirevo che pachena chefilosofi. Inotaura nezvekuchinja munzanga uye mutengo wekuchinja uku. Kuverenga mabasa omudetembi uyu, zviri nyore kuona zviri pachena kuti kusvikira zvino hakuna munhu akanyorera kwaari. Mumabhuku echiRussia, Vladimir Mayakovsky ndiye nyanzvi yezvinyorwa uye nhetembo-revolutionary. Nzira yake yekufananidzira, kufunga kwepfungwa nekutsanangura zvinoreva nzira yakazarura yekusimbidzika kwete chete yezvinyorwa zveRussia zvemazana remakore rechimakumi maviri, asiwo kune akawanda maitiro ekutenderera asingatauri zvakananga nawo. Izvozvo zvinoshandiswa naMayakovsky zvekugadzirisa zviri nyore kutsvaga uye kuwana mune mabasa akawanda emifananidzo, kubva pakushongedza uye mavara kune cinematography inowanzobatanidzwa. Kunyangwe apo mumakumi matatu ehurumende yeSoviet yaipisa zvose zvinoparadzanisa kubva kune mutsara wepati, kusanganisira futurism uye mamwe ose "maitiro", kukosha kweMayakovsky yekusika nhaka hakuna kumbobvunzwa. Akarumbidzwa nezvikoro zvekugarana kwevanhu. Munyori wenharo haagoni kukanganisa izvi nekuda kwekusavapo kwake munyika ino.

Rufu rwemunyori wenhetembo

Kazhinji zvinotaurwa kuti "kupandukira kunoparadza vana vavo." Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika kuna Mayakovsky. Zvakaoma kuwana mumwe Muumbi akazvipira pachake kuzvipira kune imwe nyaya, "achienda pamutsipa wake kuimba yake." Iyo "Ode kusvika kuRevolution" yakanga isingatauri mushanduri chete basa pamusoro paro. Asi mushure mekukunda kwekumuka, Mayakovsky akanga asina kukodzera zvachose uye asina kubvumidzwa nehurumende itsva. Akapfupisa hupenyu hwake nebhuruti rimwe.