Zubov Platon Alexandrovich, mumwe kufarira pamusoro Catherine 2: Biography, mapikicha, Portrait

Muna June, 1789, kubva St. Petersburg kuna Tsarskoye tiiviste ceremoniously vakatamira Imperial mudungwe. Next kune ngoro, yakashongedzwa yamambo monogram, akatasva bhiza ana akanaka, zvinoshamisa ziso rayo nyaya uye nyasha. Kubva nemahwindo nemimvuri shure kwake ichi- vakatarisa maziso mukadzi wacho, hachisisina muduku, asi akachengeta zvinhu ukuru uye aimbova runako. Pazuva iroro muguta guru jengachenga hwaikwira nyeredzi itsva kufarira kuti Catherine, ane zita - Platon Zubov - kuva chiratidzo okuguma rokutonga mukuru Russian Empress.

Military basa, yakatanga nekuda dzomudzidzi dhesiki

Last kufarira Catherine II, HSH Prince Platon Zubov, A., akaberekwa November 26, 1767, aiva mwanakomana amachinda nemutevedzeri gavhuna wechitatu uye kushandisa matunhu ose Count Saltykov - ". Kutendeka wamambo yose nehurumende" Alexander Nikolayevich Zubov, uyo akararama panguva vaimudana Kunenge kuti akanga chikonzero.

Padikidiki masere nemakore, muchinda yemberi yaiva, uye panguva iyoyo kungoti Platosha, akanga wechi kuva sajeni muna Life Guards Semenov hondo. Chero bedzi mukomana akakura uye akadzidza kumba, basa rake rehondo akaenda pamukwidza, uye mushure Paakazobhabhatidzwa kamwe wakaisa kusimudzirwa. Maltz padikidiki akatendeuka gumi, akatamisirwako kuti sajeni muna Horse Guards, uye mune mamwe makore mashanu, akatsigira kuti komumanzi.

Kokutanga muhondo, iyo yaiva Finland, Plato aiva 1788, apo iye wakagamuchira rimwe kwakawedzerwa, achiva wechipiri-mukuru. Izvi mberi nokukurumidza kuburikidza panhengo jaya vakatsanangura patronage pakati Count Saltykov, baba vake aiva kuzvidzora, uye kuti rakasiyana Plato wake "kuzvininipisa uye kuremekedza."

Kutanga rungano

Asi chaiyo kuwedzera ake meteoric basa rakatanga chaizvo zuva muchirimo, nako takatanga nyaya. Nemhaka patronage chete Count Saltykov, Platon Zubov, vakagadzwa mutungamiri Horse, tumai mu Tsarskoye tiiviste - nguva yakagara Empress - kutakura ikoko kungwarira basa. Kutama rakaenderana "yokurega" imwe kuti Catherine kufarira Count AM Dmitriyev-Mamonov uye mwoyo kukwegura, asi achiri Empress rudo akanga akasununguka.

Sezvaunoziva, kusaziva kwemumoyo zvachose zvinopesana nechisikirwo, uye mukadzi wacho mwoyo zvikurukuru, uye akakurumidza kugutsa wake akatendeka Empress State Nikitichna amai Anna Naryshkin. Zvaive munguva Mediation wake akabata rapprochement yeRussian autocrat pamwe saka aida wake Konnogvardeytsy muduku.

Pakutanga, akagamuchira yaitikoka kuzodya uye akapiwa kukurukura inofadza, uye akabva vakabvuma kuti private kumakamuri Catherine. Zviri pachena, Plato Aifanira kwake kuteerera, nekuti mazuva matatu chete gare gare zvachakapiwa rin'i nengoda uye 10 zviuru. Rubles mune mari, uye pashure mumwe vhiki mbiri, akanga akakwiridzirwa kusvika konoro uye mubatsiri.

Zvinokwanisika chaizvo kuti, nemhaka yezera ravo musiyano (Catherine panguva iyoyo akanga atova pamusoro makumi matanhatu), akanzwa kuti manzwiro ake kufarira makumi maviri zvakasiyana chaizvo kuti chido mune rudo mukadzi kurarama rwaamai nounyoro. Asi, kana nzira, uye Plato Zubov uye Catherine akava vasingasiyani. Nokukurumidza vakagara yamambo, kwaakanga vakaisa kumativi chaizvo kuti kare dzaidzidziswa baba vake - Count Dmitriyev-Mamonov. Mumatsutso chete gore, Zubov akagadzwa kuva mumanzi of emauto Corps uye akatsigira kuti zvikuru mukuru.

Old kufarira uye jaya mutsivi wake

Zvinofanira, tinofanira kucherechedzwa Zvisinei, kuti ndimi zvakaipa aizviti kuti ukama uyu asina chinhu asi nemhaka enyika chivande, akatanga vavengi Serene nokukwirira Prince Potemkin, Catherine Rake kure kubva alcove, asi anoramba, zvisinei, shamwari yake yepedyo uye simba anoremekedzwa. All vakare favorite vaiva proteges ake vaduku uye saka regai kukuisa pangozi muchinda-simba rose. Dare, kusagutsikana simba rake Empress, uye dai pane kunokurumidza nokukundwa, vaida yakasiyana mumiriri.

Potemkin, uyo panguva iyoyo vari Moldavian hugota, kuti Empress akanyora pamusoro wake kufarira idzva sezvo vachangobva akazviratidza mariri "mudzidzi" uye "vatsva". HSH Prince, chaizvo mukanyatsochengeta kudzora ayo rudo pamwoyo, pakutanga haana batanidza zvikuru kukosha inotevera yokufungidzira. Maererano mashoko dzaanadzo, jaya raiva zvachero chaizvo uye anodzvinyirira loafer, kwete kukanganisa kwaari.

"Tooth" kuti raimuvhiringidza Potemkin

Sezvineiwo, Potemkin akaedza kuzvifadza Zubov. Plato, pamberi Catherine Prince pachake ndakanyora tsamba umo akaratidza kuremekedza kwake kuzvipira. Pakutanga, zvakanga aiva zvazviri, asi nokukurumidza akanzwawo anoremekedzwa, vachifunga ngozi, akatanga kuchinja Empress naro "mudzidziri webasa" itsva kuvanyengetedza mune tsamba kuti "Chiber" uye vanhu "vasingakoshi". Asi zvaisafungidzirwa zvakaitika - Catherine, nguva dzose mukanyatsochengeta tevera zano rake, nguva ino akava restive, uye akanyatsoramba kuti kuparadzana naye inotapira mwoyo "waachangoroora."

Pane mamwe ngano: mune tsamba Empress, Potemkin akanyora apo akabvunza pamusoro mamiriro ake utano kuti mune zvose mutano, asi kunotadzisa kubva zino, iyo akasvika St. Petersburg angadai kukurutsai. Hatigoni kutaura kuti pun iyi kunangana meno vaduku izvo Potemkin Catherine aida vaparadzane. Achitarira mberi, rinofanira kunzi ake vakaronga yokudziviswa norufu, unowana-simba rose wamambo achibva Moldova kusvikira St. Petersburg.

Mazino New ari muruvazhe Empress

Mumatsutso chete muna 1789 panguva dare pane imwe mumiririri mazita meno - valerian, anouya itsva kufarira munun'una. Uyu murume wechidiki gumi egore, anomiririrwa Empress, pakarepo kunoita wake inodziya tsitsi uye anova mumwe "mudzidzi." Pairi akanyora Potemkin somwana, yakanaka zvikuru uye zvose zvaro vakazvipira. Nokuti iye, Catherine anokumbira Serene munzvimbo muhondo, chaakanga sachigaro, uye pamusoro wake muduku pa pachinzvimbo chevatatu konoro. Sezviri pachena, "mudzidzi" zvaakakuratidza yakawanda mano.

Vakapona dzinonakidza zvinyorwa inoratidza bounties kuti Empress kugeza tichiregeredza chefuma mumwe ake akare vaaida - Aleksandra Lanskogo. Anoratidza kuti mumakore matatu weTabhori, iye akapiwa wenguvo uye zvipfeko 100 zviuru. Rubles, uye tafura nezuva, izvo vanosangana vanhu vanenge makumi maviri, arasikirwe chefuma 300 zviuru. Rubles.

Pachake, asi Empress akamupa mamiriyoni 7 rubles, pasingaverengwi zvipo dzakawanda akadai yemadhayamondi mabhatani ari bhachi rake, dzimba mbiri muSt Petersburg uye kuverengwa serfs. Tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti haisi isingadhuri mari muchivigiro uye meno. Plato aiva naye azvino chido, uye, anofungidzirwa, pazvinhu kwairi, Catherine Ainyanya norupo.

mukoma wake wakanyanya inopenya achishamisika akaendisa pamaziso ake, akanyengetedza mambokadzi kumutuma Moldova kuna Potemkin, yaiva agadzirira noushamwari nzvimbo pake. Zvakanga akanyarara - vaigona kuziva kuti ndiyo nguva nzvimbo yakakwana kuti akaaitira mumwoyo jaded upenyu vakadzi? Sezviri pachena, hazvishamisi saka vaifunga Platon Zubov. Photo mufananidzo munin'ina wake, apo ari vanoratidzwa vari ngowani ane plume muumbozha, munyaya iyi.

Tanga mamiriro mabasa

Muna October 1791 akafa akatendeka mubatsiri Empress kwose hurumende dzezvematongerwe - HSH Prince Potemkin. For Catherine akanga chakaipisisa ichivhuvhuta, nekuti ikozvino pariri akaenda mumwe mutoro zvisarudzo zvinokosha. Taida akavimbika uye akangwara murume, nguva dzose pedyo. Saka gweta, kwake mafungiro, aigona kuva Platon Zubov. Favorite sezvo pasina mumwe akauya kuti nebasa iri.

Platosha ake (saka akanyatsoti nezvake sezvo Empress), yava accustom kuti hurumende dzezvematongerwe kunyange panguva Potemkin upenyu, asi hatigoni kutaura kuti iyi akakwanisa kubudirira. Maererano vomuzuva, Platon Zubov - the kufarira kuti Catherine II - nenhumbi dzayo kunyama Tsika yavo kana rakapinza pfungwa, hapana retentive ndangariro. Zviripachena Science haana kupiwa, asi akakwanisa kuita kudhinda vamwe vakangwara uye vakadzidza munhu. Izvi zvakabatsira zivo guru mutauro French, raakataura nyore.

Pakafa Potemkin Platon Zubov, ane Biography raiva musimboti izere mudare kwokusarura, akasimuka kuti ndamboita muupenyu hwake hwose. Zvino, kubva "mudzidzi" vanozvininipisa uye noruremekedzo, akatsauka kuva wamambo-simba rose, hakunganzi zvinonyadza kudanidzira panguva avo vakuru uyo nezuro pandaifunga. Kubva peni yake akabuda mumakore iwayo kupfuura zvisinganzwisiswi uye musoro neruzhinji zvirongwa, akadai kupambwa Russian rengarava Istanbul, kukunda kuVienna, uye Berlin, uyewo kusikwa itsva mamiriro Austrasia.

Oddly zvakakwana, asi kusvikira zvino vakachenjera nevakangwara panyaya mutongi akauya pasi pokudzora hama meno - maturo uye anonyengera careerists. Iye akasaina chirevo pamusoro Implementation muzvirongwa zvavo uye delusional zvizhinji mari navo. Somuenzaniso, iye akatuma valerian nehondo pamushandirapamwe, chinangwa yaiva kukunda wePezhiya, ipapo India. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hama vakanyengetedza Empress kusvika noutsinye kudzvinyirira wePolish kwebope, kubviswa kwePoland sezvo yakazvimirira mamiriro, kutambudzwa Radishchev, novikov uye vaitambudzwa nevaFreemason.

At achidzora

Sezvo akapinda simba Platon Zubov, Catherine 2 bounties zvose zvikuru kugeza uye nehama dzake dzakawanda kuunganidza St. Petersburg nokuda pemisara uye upfumi. aifarirwa naBaba, Alexander, akava Seneta, vakagamuchira fufuro, uye zvokutengeserana simba mwanakomana wake. Havateereri naye uye nevamwe kwemeno.

Panguva ino, Platon Zubov ane zvachose kudya simba, kunyanya sezvo zvose zvakamupoteredza zvakabatsira. Kunyange mukuru wavarwi A. V. Suvorov nomufaro akamupa mwanasikana wake anodiwa. Mumwe muchiuto yedu shasha - M. I. Kutuzov - pamusoro netsamba vakararama panguva, aiona kukudzwa pachake kubika Zubov kofi, uye nyanduri Derzhavin akatsaurira laudatory odes ake. Kazhinji, mumwe nomumwe sezvaakanga zvaaigona, kuedza kufadza Mudikamwa werombo rakanaka. Famous asian kupendwa Ivan Platon Zubov Egginka mudura Hermitage, rakanga akabvuma pakutanga kwenyaya ino, rinomurondedzera kuti anofara nguva.

Kupera ngano

Mugumo yakadaro kwakajeka basa akauya Nov. 17, 1796, apo Winter Palace vafa anorichengeta ake - Empress Catherine II. Pakati pevaya akachema nokutendeka kuti rufu ainyanya Platon Zubov - the kufarira kuti Catherine 2, Biography kuti kubvira pazuva rakatanga kuva zvakasiyana zvachose mirayiridzo.

Pasinei nezvose zvinonetsa, uyo akakwira choumambo Emperor Paul handina achinetsa aifarirwa yamai vake, uye anongoti akamuendesa pasi chokumupomera wenyika. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza, akanzwa nhau kuti akatanga muchivande verevedza kunze kwake multimillion ezvinhu pane kuti kuti munhu kuvadza Russian zvemari hurongwa. Mumazuva iwayo zvinhu zvakadaro haina buruka, uye mambo akatsamwa akarayira kupambwa zvose zvaanazvo.

Rakabatanidzwawo umhondi

Kuramba mhiri pasina mari yakakwana kufukidza ayo yakakurisa cost, Zubov akamanikidzwa kudzokera kumusha, uko akabva akava mumwe vamukira vakanga vakagadzirira pakaparadzwa Paul I. The Emperor dzinouraya usiku March 11, 1801 pakati pevaya akapinda Mikhailovsky Palace yakanga uye mazino. Plato, maererano netsamba kuti bato Count Bennigsen zviitiko, tanga akaputsa kupinda Kesari Mugota, uye shure kwake vakamhanya vanun'una vake - valerian uye Nicholas. Pamwe haana rwake rakarova anofa akarova mambo, asi ropa vaMwari vakazodzwa uye riri pairi.

Panguva yaitonga Alexander I Zubov aiva tariro yakakwirira sezvo anobatanidzwa munyaya kubviswa mugadzi ake. Akaratidza kushingaira kukuru panyaya vaitorwa nehurumende nokubatanidzwazve (maturo, sapamazuva apfuura), uye kunyange akava mumwe vanyori akasara asina vava mutemo pamusoro abolition pakati serfdom. Pachisikirwo aiva nezvekumwe mukana, branding paitonga Catherine pokuchinja, uye ushe muzukuru wake Alexander akasimuka kuti bumbiro.

Asi kuedza ake ose vaiva muchero. Sezvaunoziva, pasi Alexander I, hapana aimbova vamukira haina kwakaratidzwa mukuru hurumende nzvimbo. Uyezve, dzomunyika kutambura marwadzo nehana, Kesari akaedza kubvisa vaya akariyeuchidza nezvorufu baba vake. Pakati pavo paiva uye meno. Platon Alexandrovich, kukanganiswa ezvinhu, akasiya guru uye vakagara Lithuania, apo panguva yake Pazvinhu basa, chipo chinobva Catherine II zvemaoresa pfuma.

Zvikabva kuti "Miserly Knight"

Mumakore nguva youpenyu hwake, Plato Zubov - the kufarira kuti Catherine II, uye Croesus - anozivikanwa somunhu incredible miser, ichazombova izvo zvakanga zvakaoma kuwana. Store muimba yepasi ake Castle zvipfuva akazara nendarama (maererano zvikuru kuchinja nokufungidzira, chinzvimbo akaenzana rubles mamiriyoni makumi maviri), iye vasinganyari kubirwa vanhuwo zvavo yavo, sei avo vakanga kupfuura varombo muruwa. Inorwadza tichitsungirira kunyange zviduku mari, haana kuzeza kuenda akwegura uye kwakandionza mbatya, anorura mari kutenga itsva.

Ake chete mufaro aiburuka kuti zimba, kufungisisa inochengetwa huruva zvipfuva upfumi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti zvikabva kuti kunyora A. S. Pushkinym yake yakakurumbira "The Miserly Knight" kwaingova mazino. Plato, kwemakore vakawanda vasava chimiro chomunhu, kamwe chete, sokunge ichimutsa kubva hope, aichimbova vaifarira upenyu.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu aimbova kufarira

Vanotaura vanoti nguva pfupi asati afa, iye zvakaitika kuona panguva dzakanaka musikana ane rinoshamisa runako - mwanasikana munharaunda muridzi womunda. Pakazosvika nguva aiva akafirwa uye aida kuroorwa musikana akanaka. Pamusoro okutambirwa wake categorical kuramba, benzi yekare yakanga yabviswa ake bhesimendi bhokisi kuti akaramba rubles goridhe mamiriyoni, uye anongoti akatenga intractable musikana baba vake.

Akagumisa upenyu hwake Platon Zubov muna 1822 muna Kurland. Pashure porufu rwake, chirikadzi yakanaka vakatakura mapfupa St. Petersburg, apo vakanga aradzikwa ari yemadzitateguru muguva, riri rimwe makereke yoUtatu-rwacho Segiyo mugwenga Strelna. nzvimbo yavo yokupedzisira, akawana pedyo nomugwagwa chaizvo pamusoro iyo makumi matatu apfuura, kwakajeka mudungwe rakanyonganiswa, uye iye, mumwe akanaka-gore maviri, akatasva bhiza pamberi pemaziso ane kuchembera Empress ...