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Zvinyorwa zvebharikiti zvepakati peRussia. Apricot mukatikati yeRussia

Pakati pezhizha, nhare dziri mumisika uye muzvitoro zvakazara nezvibereko zvakasiyana siyana uye majiroji. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinodiwa ndezvechiedza chakajeka uye chine zuva. Muchero unotapira watinoda chero ipi zvayo-yakachena, yakaomeswa, yakakangwa. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti inorimwa zvikuru kunyanya munzvimbo dzinotonhora. Asi zvinokwanisika kuti zvikure munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa. Ngatitsvakei kuti tingakurira sei apricot mukatikati yeRussia. Izvi hazvisi zvakaoma, asi iyi haisi iyo iyo paakasima uye akakanganwa.

Apricot: unhu

Chigunhu chinotapira chinotapira chinowanzoti chiArmenian apple. Izvi zvinokonzerwa kunyanya nezvekubva kwebhasikoro. Masayendisiti emazuva ano anopa kubva munzvimbo 3 kusvika ku6, apo kwekutanga kokutanga muti uyu unogona kuonekwa. Maererano neimwe yezvinyorwa (zvinowanzoitika), muTien Shan (China). Asi munguva ichangopfuura yapfuura, nyika yekwenyika yacho yaiva Armenia, kubva pane iyo apricot yakazozviwana muEurope.

Iyi tsika ndeyomuti wakaoma, unowedzera mukukwirira kubva pa5 kusvika mamita 8. Mucheka wemagetsi pane zvienzaniso zvekare ndema-grey-brown, kupenga kwenguva refu. Apricot ishuvha refu, mumamiriro okunze emamiriro ekunze anowedzera kusvika kumakore zana. Mashizha ari ovoid muchimiro, nzvimbo yacho inowanzosvika, kusvika masendimita gumi nemashanu. Maruva ane sessile uye ari oga, mapepa ane mavara machena. Chibereko - odnokostyanka tsvuku-tsvuku, iyo ine mitsara yakazara.

Apricot mukatikati yeRussia

Muti is thermophilic, izvo zvinokonzera kuti zvakasikwa zvipararire. Apricots ave achirima kwenguva refu munyika dzemazhizha akadzikama. Munyika yedu, inowanikwa zvikuru muCaucasus neCrimea, uyewo muchikamu cheEurope (kumaodzanyemba mahara) eRussia. Dzinokura munharaunda imwe neimwe uye dzinowanikwa zvakajeka, nokuti dzinenge dzisingateereri uye kusanaya kwemvura. Asi kuitira kuti ikure apricot iri pakati peRussia, zvinotora zvimwe. Basa rekusika kugadziriswa kwemahybridi asingagadzirwi rakatangwa kumapeto kwezana remakore rechi19 naMichurin IV

Mune ramangwana, sarudzo yakabudirira mukugadzira mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzine michero yakakura yepamusoro uye yakanyanya kukwirira yechando. Mhando dzakasiyana siyana dzebharikiti dzepakati peRussia panguva ino dzakawanda, saka regai titarise kune vashoma chete.

Hardy

Iyo hybrid yakawanikwa muNikitinsky Botanical Garden. Inotaura nezvezvipenyu zvine nguva yekutsvaira - chikamu chekutanga chaAugust. Miti yakakura, inokura nokukurumidza uye ine korona yakaoma kwazvo. Zvibereko zvinowanikwa makore 5-6 mushure mekudyara. Kukohwa yakawanda-kusvika pamakilogi makumi matatu kubva pamuti umwe. Zvibereko zvinowirirana zvakakura, zvinorema 30-40 gm, zvakapoteredzwa, zvakagadzirwa negoridhe-ruvara nemuvara nemuchena wakajeka, carmine ruvara. Ivo vane kukwirira kwemaitiro, ivo vakakodzera kuchengetedzwa uye kushandiswa patsva fomu.

Red-cheeked

Kukudziridza kunozivikanwa kune vakawanda vanorima pamusana pemaitiro akanaka kwazvo. Muti wakareba, fruiting inotanga pagore re 3-4. Inozivikanwa nokukwirira kwakasimba kunaya uye kuoma kwechando. Zvibereko zvemavara emaruva, ane zviduku zviduku zvakatsvuku zvine chimiro chechivharo, uremu - kubva pa40 kusvika ku 60 g.Kuburitsa nguva - July (hafu yepiri).

Sunny

A hybrid yakavimbisa uye yakawanda yechando yakaoma. Inosanganiswa mumhando dzakanakisisa dzeabricots yepakati peRussia. Zvibereko zvehuzha ruvara, zvine bundu rakashata, rinorema kusvika ku 45 g. Kusimudza kunoitika mumakore gumi nemaviri aJuly. Fruiting inogara ichiwanda uye yakawanda.

Triumph of the North

Zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana nehupamhi hwekushanda kwechando hwemuti uye midzi mumaruva. Iyo yakakonzerwa nechekumaodzanyemba kweCentral Black Earth. Zvibereko zvakakura zvinorema kusvika ku-55 g zvine maruva-orange-ruvara. Iyo inoshandiswa kunyanya mufomu itsva. Nokuti izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoratidzwa nekuumbwa kwemiti yakareba uye korona inopararira. Fruiting inotanga pagore rechina rehupenyu.

Uchi

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzechando, dzakagadzirwa neYuzhnouralsk Research Institute, inosunungura maruva. Muti wakareba (kusvika kusvika 4 m) nekorona inopararira. Nhamba yakawanda yezvibereko (kusvika kune 15 g) ine nyama inonhuhwirira uye inotapira. Muvara wavo wakatsvuka, uye maduku mashomanana ekudzvora kwemavara matsvuku. Mhando yakakura yezvibereko, kusvika kune makirogiramu makumi maviri kubva pamuti umwe.

Snegirek

Mutungamiri wechokwadi pakati pezvimwe zvose zvakasiyana maererano nehutano nekudzivirira. Iyi apricot iri pakati nepakati yeRussia ichava yakanaka uye fadza vadzidzisi vane kukohwa. Muti wekukwirira kuduku: kubva pa 120 kusvika ku 150 masentimita. Panguva yehusiku hugaro hwekugara inogona kuirima kunyange muUrials uye kumadokero. Chibereko chiri 7-10 kg kubva pamuti mumwe, kusvibiswa kunotanga pakati peAugust. Zvibereko hazvirevi zvikuru (15-18 g), nekunakirwa kunakidza, vane nyama yakasviba uye inosvika shuga yakagadzirwa. Chikamu chemukrishi mumvuri, ane bhuruu yepepuru.

Calyx

Chimiro chemuti wakareba, uchikura kusvika pakakwirira mamita mashanu chete, ane korona yakafanana nemukombe, iyo inosarudza zita racho. Yakawandisa yechando yakasimba. Apricot yezviyo zvakasiyana-siyana inobereka gore negore, zvibereko zvakanyanya. Zvibereko zvinorema 25-30 g nekamu-yellow yechena uye chiedza bhenje. Vane nyama yakasununguka, ine nyoro uye inotapira ine inonhuwira yakasimba.

Izvi zvakakoshawo kuongorora zvinotevera zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana zvebhasikiti kune rutivi rwakakosha rweRussia: Tsarsky, Alyosha, Monastyrsky, Lel, Piquant, Ilyusha, Success, Russian.

Nguva yekutsvaga uye chigaro

Nguva yakanakisisa yekudyara apricot ndiyo makore gumi nematatu eApril, apo nyika iri kutonhora zvakare uye kutyisidzika kwechando chisingaperi chinopera. Nyatsosarudza svondo, itsvo dzinofanira kunge dzisina kuvhuvhuta, asi kwete pazheji yemashizha. Ipa miti yakasiyana muzvimedu zvakasiyana, uye kwete neyo yakazaruka midzi. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kukura apricot kubva kumapfupa emarudzi akasiyana-siyana, saka inokura yakasimba uye inopikisana nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana uye mamiriro okunze.

Ikurima maapurikoti ari pakati penyika yeRussia inosanganisira kusarudza nokungwarira nzvimbo panzvimbo yekutanga. Uyu muenzi wekumaodzanyemba muminda yedu inoshuva inotonhora, inopenya uye zvichida kunze kwekuchamhembe kwemhepo. Apricot inowanzorega kuswedera pedyo nemvura pasi.

Kugadzirira kwegomba uye kugadzika

Nzvimbo yekudyara yeabricot inofanira kuva yakakura (70 * 70 * 70 cm). Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti midzi yemuti yakakura kaviri pakukura kupfuura korona yayo. Nokudaro, chikamu pakati pembeu imwechete inofanira kuchengetedzwa, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvakasiyana-siyana, avhareji yemamita matatu.

Dyara gomba mukuwa. Mushure mekuchera, gadzai nemafuta, add 2-3 malita e mullein, 400 g ye potassium sulfurous, 700 g ye superphosphate, rimwe girasi yemadota. Nyatsobatanidza zvose zvinoshandiswa uye uende pasi pechando. Pazasi kwegomba, zadza mvura yakasara ne claydite kana marara. Mbeu panguva yekudyara inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo yakarurama uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakazadzwa nevhu kusvikira pakukura. Somugumisiro, muti wacho unofanira kunge uri pane imwe gomo, hillock. Pamusoro pehupamhi hwayo gadzira denderedzwa rekudiridza, mushure mokumhanyira, rorera 2 matangi emvura.

Apricot pakati peRussia: kutarisira

Nzira yekukura yakakodzera ine zvikamu zvitatu zvakakosha: kunwisa, kupfeka kupfeka nekuchekerera muti. Pasinei nokuti iyo apricot isirima inopesana netsika, inodikanwa mvura yekukura zvakanaka nekukura. Kunwisa kunofanira kuva kazhinji, asi kwete zvakawanda. Inofanirwa kuitika kana mangwanani-ngwanani kana manheru.

Mushonga anowanikwa muvhu. Nenguva yekutanga izvi zvinopera paunodyara mbeu. Kutanga kubva mugore rechipiri, zvinokurudzirwa kuti zviite zvakaoma mineral fertilizer mukuvhuvhu uye mangwanani ekutanga. Iyo miti yehuni inobatsirawo, inowedzerwa sezvinodiwa, asi kwete pasi pei kamwe mumakore gumi nemana.

Nokuti apricot inokurudzirwa shoma-tiered scheme ye korona. Kuti uite izvi, siya mapeji 5-6 masaga. Dzivisa kukura kwavo kubva pane imwe nzvimbo pane trunk. Mumapurikoti, michero inokura pamatambudziko ezera rimwe remakore, chibereko chikuru-pamatavi ekuenderera mberi. Nokudaro, mukati megore zvakakosha kudzipfupika muhafu yekusimudzira ruzivo rwemuva maruva pane zvakasara. Rejuvenate haircut mushure mokunge fruiting yapera. Nekuda kwemiti mikuru, kutema kwakasimba hakufaniri kushandiswa.

Apricot munharaunda yepakati peRussia inogona kukura pamamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera kusarudzwa kwezvakasiyana-siyana uye nguva yekutarisira muti. Saka, usati waunza muenzi uyu wekudenga mubindu rako, iwe unofanirwa kuongorora kubudirira uye kubvisa.

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