Anna Pavlova: Biography uye pikicha. The Russian Ballerina huru

The Ballerina huru Russian Anna Pavlova akaberekwa 12 February 1881 kuSt Petersburg. The musikana aiva mubvandiripo, amai aishanda musikana panguva rinozivikanwa bhenga Lazar Polyakov, iye anonzi baba mwana. Financier pachake chero munyaya akamubereka ndisingamuzivi, asi haana kumboita kuti musikana hwakanyorwa sezvo Anna Lazarevna.

Mother Anna Polyakova akasiya musha aine mwana uye vakagara Mafuro St. Petersburg. The musikana akakura uye vakava pasi pokudzora mai vake, uyo akaedza zvakaoma kudzidzisa mwanasikana ane rudo ounyanzvi.

Creative Biography Anny Pavlovoy

Rimwe zuva amai vangu vakatora Anna kuna Mariinsky Theater. Akapa "Sleeping Beauty" Petra Ilicha Chaykovskogo. With manzwi mumhanzi wokutanga Anya kwakaderera. Akabva ndikashaya kutamba, breathlessly, mwoyo wake fluttered nomufaro, kufanana Kumubata runako.

Mune chiito wechipiri, vakomana nevasikana pachikuva kutamba ari waltz.

- Unofanira kuda kutamba? - akati mai Anna mumazuva yokumbozorora, kureva kutamba korasi.

- Kwete ... ndinoda kutamba, sezvakaita akarara runako ... - musikana akapindura.

Pashure pokushanya kuna nakisisa kunzvimbo yainzi Mariinsky Theater Anna akatanga nezvezvandisina kutamba. All nhaurirano dziri mumba makanga zvino chete choreographic unyanzvi, musikana kubvira mangwanani kusvikira usiku kutamba pamberi girazi, uye akaenda kusimuka nepfungwa iri kutamba. The chitandadzo haisi akatarira somwana, kutamba yakava chikamu hwake.

The mai, achiona izvi, akatora Anna kuchikoro kutamba. Panguva iyoyo, musikana aiva haawanzotauri makore masere. Vadzidzisi vaiudzwa kuuya nemakore maviri, apo tichicherechedza undoubted nekugona Ani. Muna 1891, remangwana mutambi akanga vakabvuma kuti St. Petersburg Academy of Theater Arts panguva kutamba dhipatimendi.

Study aipfeka Spartan hunhu, zvose akaisa pakuomerera kurayirirwa, basa yakatora maawa masere pazuva. Asi muna 1898, Anna kudzidza kukoreji pamwe chinokudza. waivako Final inonzi "zvekufungidzira dryads" payo musikana akatamba Party mudiri mwanasikana.

Anna pakarepo akatora muna Mariinsky Theater. debut ayo kutamba "Maturo chenjedzo" iri baratos of trois (matatu kutamba). Makore maviri gare gare, Anna Pavlova akatamba kutungamirira basa pakururamisa mimhanzi ne Cesare Pugni "The waFarao Mwanasikana." Ipapo panotanga mutambi akaita se Nikia mu "La Bayadere", vakaisa pacharo Marius Petipa, tateguru wokuRussia kutamba. Muna 1903, Pavlov atova akaita kutungamirira basa iri kutamba "Giselle".

budiriro

Muna 1906, Anna vakagadzwa aitungamirira mutambi ari Kirov Ballet. Zvakatanga nomwoyo wose basa rokusika kutsvaka zvitsva siyana. Russian kutamba waida reserved, uye Pauline akakwanisa kusika mifananidzo akawanda mumweya nguva yedu, kushanda choreographer Aleksandrom Gorskim innovator uyo vachishuva kuva dramatization pebindu uye aiva wepachokwadi mutsigiri njodzi iri kutamba.

Anna Pavlova uye Mikhail Fokin

Nechekwokutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 Russian kutamba rakanga pasi pokudzora kuchinja dzenzvimbo. Chimwe chezvinhu zamu vatsigiri nokuchinja kukuru mune unyanzvi kutamba yaiva choreographer Mikhail Fokin. Akaramba kubva zvetsika kupatsanurwa kutamba pantomime. Chimwe chinhu muvandudzi Fokine aiva abolition wokushandiswa preprinted siyana vari kutamba, kufamba uye mubatanidzwa. Iye akabayira improvisation kutamba sezvo nheyo rose kutamba.

Anna Pavlova akaita muiti mikuru mapato rokutanga kubudiswa Mihaila Fokina. Yaiva "usiku muEgipita", "Berenice," "Les Sylphides", "muzambiringa", "Eunice," "Le pavilion d'Armide". Asi chikuru mugumisiro pamwe aiva kutamba "The Dying Swan" mimhanzi kubudikidza Saint-Saëns, izvo kwaifanira kuva mumwe zviratidzo Russian kutamba remakore rechi20. Nhoroondo Ballerina Pavlova ari zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe Paaidzidzisa uku magadzirirwo awo. Ballet chiitiko ane nejichidza kufa kwakakatyamadza nyika.

Muna December 1907 pagungano rinoyamura konzati Anna Pavlova akaita "Dying Swan". Munyori Camille Saint-Saëns, uyo aivapo panguva iyoyo, vakakatyamadzwa nokududzira mumhanzi yake uye akaratidza zvakadzama kuyemurwa mano unongotaura miniatures. Iye pachake akatenda Ballerina nokuda mafaro, musi bended mabvi, achiti, "Nemhaka iwe, ndakaziva kuti ndakakwanisa kunyora nziyo dzakanaka."

The yakanakisisa Ballerina mumakondinendi ose vakaedza kuita yakakurumbira kutamba vakasiyana. Pashure Anna Pavlova zvakazara akatsiva Maya Plisetskaya.

vatorwa rwokuparidza

Muna 1907, ivo Imperial Mariinsky Theater akaenda kunze kwenyika. Zvesimba dzakaitwa Stockholm. Nokukurumidza pashure pokunge adzokera kuRussia Anna Pavlova, pasi Ballerina kwenyika kwembiri, akasiya chizvarwa yemitambo, akatambudzika kwazvo iyi, sezvo vaifanira kubhadhariswa yakakura nokuda kukundikana chesungano. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kumisa mutambi.

upenyu Personal

Anna Pavlova, kuti Ballerina pamwe zvakawanda urongwa rokusika, akaenda Paris, apo akatanga kubatanidzwa "Mwaka Russian" uye nenguva isipi akava nyeredzi nechirongwa. Zvadaro iye akasangana Victor Dandre, mumwe connoisseur guru unyanzvi kutamba, uyo pakarepo akatora patronage pakati Anna akabvapo furati kwake Paris aro, akashongedzerwa kutamba kirasi. Zvisinei, yaiita zvinodhura zvikuru, uye Dandre akapambadza mari paruzhinji, yaakanga akasungwa achitongwa.

Ipapo Pavlova Anna Pavlovna akapedzisa inodhura kwazvo, asi waakaita chibvumirano ne London sangano "Braff", pasi izvo zvakanga kuita zuva rimwe nerimwe, kaviri pazuva. The mari akabatsira kununura Victor Dandre mujeri, sezvo chikwereti chake kuzodzimwa. Lovers takaroorana mumachechi Paris Orthodox.

Swans muupenyu imwe Ballerina

Pashure Pavlov zvishoma vakashanda pasi chibvumirano ne "Braff" risingaoneki, iye akasika kutamba kambani yake uye vakatanga kutaura yakunda muFrance uye muUK. Chose vagara vaine sangano, Anna Pavlova, ane upenyu pachake kwave kugadziridzwa, akagadzirisa pamwe Dandre muLondon. musha wavo waiva Ivy House ndiye neimba ine dziva pedyo, uko akararama yakaisvonaka swans chena. Kubvira zvino upenyu Anny Pavlovoy akanga zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe chinoshamisa imba ino, uye anokudzwa shiri. Ballerina anowana nyaradzo vachitaura swans.

mberi basa

Pavlova Anna Pavlovna, zvisikwa zviri kushingaira, kukosheswa urongwa hwake rokusika kukura. Murume wake, sezvinei, pakarepo ndakaona kukwanisa vavimbisana mukubudisa uye kutsigira basa wake. Akava yepamutemo maneja Anny Pavlovoy, uye mutambi mukuru vasisagoni kunetseka nezveramangwana ravo, zvakanga zviri mumaoko akanaka.

Muna 1913 uye 1914 mutambi akaita muMoscow uye St. Petersburg, kusanganisira Mariinsky Theater, uko iye wokupedzisira akatamba Nikia. MuMoscow, Anna Pavlova wakauya parutivi mubindu Mirror Theater "Hermitage". Zvichitevera mharidzo iyi, iye akaenda refu kushanyira Europe. Ipapo akatevera mwedzi yakawanda Pandakatenderera muUnited States, Brazil, Chile uye Argentina. Zvadaro, pashure zvishoma, Dandre akaronga kushanyira Australia uye Asian nyika.

Kuda zvinhu

Kare makore Mariinsky Theater mangwanani, pashure pokupedza chikoro, Anna Pavlova akanzwa zvinogona kushandura akasimbisa canons ari kutamba unyanzvi. Young mutambi kuona kusachengeteka kukuru kudiwa kwokuchinja. Akafunga kuti magadzirirwo awo inogona kuwedzerwa uye yemwoyo itsva siyana. Classics of Genre sokuti zvishoma yechinyakare, yaingoda yakakura ndiwedzere.

Vachirondedzera wake chikamu mu "Maturo chenjedzo", Pavlov pfungwa Marius Petipa kuti echimurenga danho uye chikatsiviwa pfupi siketi crinoline siketi kuti refu zvakakodzera nguo, dzichishandisa yakakurumbira Mariyu Taloni, mumiririri wenyika kutamba ari Romantic Era, izvo akaumba mashoko okuti Tutu nePointe neshangu, uye ipapo nokusiiwa nyasha pfupi mupendero pakugumburwa mbatya.

Choreographer Petipa akateerera maonero Anna, vakaigadzira, uye Marius akatarisa kutamba kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira. Pashure paizvozvo, Tutu akava chokufunga zvesimba akadai "Swan Lake", apo pfupi siketi kwakakodzera pakururamisa wokugadzira. Vazhinji vaiona kutanga nguo sepokuwana mhando kutamba kupfeka kutyora canons, asi zvisinei refu inoyerera Ballerina zvipfeko yakazopiwa anoratidzwa unyanzvi kutamba zvokupfeka sechinhu chinodiwa mutambo.

Okugadzira zvinhu uye gakava

Anna Pavlova pachake akadana pacharo piyona uye muvandudzi. Aiva aidada kuti akakwanisa kusiya "chisarai chisarai" (crinoline yaro,), uye kuigadzira zvakawanda zvakakodzera. Aifanira nharo vatongi zvetsika kutamba uye kuratidza kuti Tutu Hazvisi zvesimba zvose. Uye kuti chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo zvokupfeka zvinofanira kusarudzwa maererano nezviri kuitika pachikuva, pane muchifarira dzenhoroondo canons.

Vanopikisa naPauro vakati kuti makumbo akavhurika - kuchikonzerwa kuratidzwa unyanzvi kutamba. Anna akabvuma, asi akaratidza kuti rusununguko rwakakura pakusarudzwa inoita. Akanzwa kuti crinoline refu kuva zvedzidzo chizenga zvachose hazvirevi kuva okusika. Formal mitemo zvave mativi maviri, asi rokupedzisira shoko akafunga zvokuenda veruzhinji.

Anna Pavlova akazvidemba mumwe chete kushaya nguo refu - nguo kunyimwa Ballerina "porhlivosti". shoko vakwira pachake, shoko raireva kuti pazvirugu wakarovererwa pasi zvinobhururuka inofamba muviri, kana kuti, vakavanda ndege pachayo. Asi zvino Anna akadzidza kushandisa chinanga ichi. Ballerina zvakabayirwa kuti shamwari kuti varuputsire zvishoma kupfuura dzose, uye zvose ndokuwira panzvimbo. In kutamba paiva rusununguko zvaida rwokufamba nyasha.

Serge Lifar: pazvidhindo

"Handina kumboona nenyama akadaro naMwari, hauremi airiness uye saka ichiyevedza kufamba." Saka ndakanyora chikuru choreographer French Serge Lifar ari musangano Russian Ballerina netsa Pavlovoy.

"Kubva pakutanga nguva yakakundwa pachisikigo chivezwa, iye vachitamba, sei kufema nyore uye wakasununguka. Pakanga pasina chido kugadzirisa kutamba fuete, virtuoso anonyengera. Chete runako zvakasikwa muviri kufamba uye nenyama, airiness ..."

"Ndakaona Pauro haasi mutambi, uye kutamba shasha. Iye vandirera kubva pasi, ndaisakwanisa kutaura kana kuongorora. Vanoshaiwa asina, kana kunogona mwari."

Pandakatenderera uye nhamba

Anna Pavlova waishanda Pandakatenderera upenyu kwemakore 22. Munguva iyi akatora chikamu zvesimba vapfumbamwe zviuru, zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu izvo pakasiyiwa kuurayiwa huru mabasa. Kutamira kubva mumaguta, Ballerina kukurira hapana asingasviki zviuru 500 makiromita nechitima. tenzi Italian kuita kutamba shangu vakasonanidza kuti Anna Pavlova zviuru zviviri yegwara Pointe shangu pagore.

In pakati yakawanda Tours Ballerina kuzorora nomurume wake kumba kwake, pakati swans ruoko, mumumvuri miti, pedyo achiri dziva yakachena. Mune imwe kushanya kwakadaro Dandre akakoka mbiri mifananidzo Lafayette, uyo akaita dzakatevedzana mifananidzo Anny Pavlovoy pamwe nejichidza wake waaida. Nhasi, mifananidzo aya anonzwisiswa somunhu kuyeuka Ballerina guru remakore rechi20.

In Australia, vachikudza wokuRussia Ballerina Anna Pavlova akasvika ane dhizeti "Pavlova" yemichero zvekumwe pamwe kuwedzera imwe meringue. Zviya, New Zealanders vanoti ndakasika ichi fruity vaitire.

Kamwe Anna Pavlova akatamba pachikuva mukurumbira Mexican zvavo kutamba "Tapati Kharab," izvo zvinoreva kuti "kutamba pamwechete ngowani," mukududzira kwake. VokuMexico nechido mutambi uye akakanda zvaiitika rose heti. Uye muna 1924, uchitamba akaziviswawo national kutamba of Mexican Republic.

In China, Anna Pavlova zvakashamisa vateereri, akatamba asiri chichiita 37 fuete iri duku pakakwirira, yakaiswa pamusoro seri nzou, achifamba pamusoro musango.

Dutch vachengeti zvakakurira rinokosha siyana chena ruvara tulips, izvo vakagamuchira zita Ballerina huru Anna Pavlova. Maruva Delicate pamusoro tetepa madzinde, sezvo inomirira nyasha.

In London, akavaka nhamba dzakasiyana Zvivako kuna Ballerina. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ndohwavo imwe nguva muupenyu hwake. Vatatu shongwe yakaiswa pedo neimba Ivy House iro Pavlov akararama kupfuura hwake.

Anna ari vakanaka kunoshamisa, akanga achiparidza parudo, akazarura nherera dzakawanda uye dosshouses vana vasina pokugara. Girls uye vakomana vaenzi nemasangano aya anokwanisa kutamba, vakasarudzwa uye akatuma kuchikoro vana ichitamba, rakavhurika imba Ivy House.

Separate chiito rudo Anna Pavlova akanga kwayo nzara ruyamuro muna Volga mudunhu. Mukuwedzera, panguva chikumbiro chacho nguva dzose kutumira mumapasuru kuti kutamba chikoro St. Petersburg.

Rufu mutambi mukuru

Anna Pavlova akafa nemabayo January 23, 1931 mu The Hague, panguva rwokuparidza. Ballerina uri edzesero unotonhora muimba kuchitonhora. madota ayo columbarium ndiye "Golders Green", muLondon. The urn iri pedyo zvisaririra wake Victor Dandre.

The firimu, akasikwa vanoyeukwa Anny Pavlovoy

Life uye mugumo wenyika yakakurumbira Ballerina kwakaratidzwa terevhizheni firimu ane shanu kufanorongwa scripted Emile Lotyanu.

Film kare anoudza pfupi asi inonakidza upenyu guru Ballerina uye murume akanaka anonzi Anna Pavlova. 1983, kuti goho nguva dzaitevedzana kuti chidzitiro, aiva gore 102 gore kuzvarwa mutambi. Firimu yaisanganisira zvakawanda vatambi, uye basa Paul vakaimba mutambi Galina Belyaeva.