Battle of Marne (1914) uye nemigumisiro yayo. Battle rechipiri Marne (1918)

River Marne akapupurira yairwirwa hondo mbiri World War First. Battle of Marne, iyo yakaitika muna 1914, akanga ari mumwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda hondo munhoroondo yehondo. In mipata kworwizi vakasiya upenyu zvisingaverengeki. Apo njodzi vanhu. Battle of Marne, 1914 iri muchidimbu anorondedzerwa ose bhuku renhoroondo.

Battle of Marne River: Background

Muna 1914 Hondo Yenyika First. gore rino ndiyo asingakanganwiki kuti chinonyanya vanotyisa hondo. Anofambisa akatora nzvimbo dzinenge dzose vhiki. Muzuva rimwe, mberi kunogona kuchinjwa kusvika 50 makiromita. Pakutanga, hapana nyika asina zvakaronga kuramba tichishanda hondo. Directive General nemidonzvo yakaoneka nokukurumidza inogumbura. German Empire akaronga kupedza hondo mishomanana ounza itsva kuti nyika nayo aizogara kiyi nzvimbo.

France haana vaiona rakakomba mupikisi. Her basa aifanira kutora hapana inopfuura mwedzi. VokuGermany akaverenga kutumira kubvuta nyika kuuya kubatsira yeBritain. Kubva vemauto remapazi mauto eGermany akakurumidza yakarwisa Belgium, vakarikunda. Mauto French vasina nguva kuumba chakakura masvingo. Saka, pakutanga kwematsutso vokuGermany akanga atovapo pedyo Paris.

mamiriro mapato

Under murayiro Alexander von Klyuka kutambanudzira kwenguva refu mberi. Command wamapoka German kwakasimbiswa chirongwa kumukomberedza ruzhinji French mauto. Tsaukai zano German Hondo Paris yepakutanga vakasundira kungoerekana nokukurumidza vasvike British.

Pasi urongwa, vokuGermany vaifanira kuenda kumadokero Paris, pasina kupinda muhondo kuramba ikoko nokuda kwokudzivirira zvikamu guta. Pashure paizvozvo "wedges" fronts vakaatsinzina neshure, zvachose achitora French mugomba hofori mugate. Asi chepakutanga nzira yave kuchinja zvakawanda zvainoreva sezvo kutsvaira kure yomuvengi dzakadzivirirwa mauto eGermany ndapera uye vakasagona vaironga kuunganazve nokukurumidza nokuti simba nokurova. mauto aneta German akarasika reserves, sezvo ropa hondo yakatanga muna Prussia. Naizvozvo, mutungamiri of Kluck akaita panyaya arege kuenda kuMadokero uye kumabvazuva Paris, kutyora muuto French pamusoro rakamanikana zano. Muna September mangwanani, vokuBritain chikamu kukurumidza akatizira Marne River. Zvavakanga vayambuka izvozvo, vakaramba shure kumabvazuva.

Zvinhu veGermany dzavo akakwanisa kupinda musiyano pakati Britain French nemauto, saka akatambanudza uye rakavhurika parutivi. Battle of Marne kwaiva kutanga zuva nezuva, zvose matanda nzeve yakanga riveted kuti nzvimbo.

Kutanga hondo

September 5th vokuGermany vakaramba mberi kumabvazuva. Panguva ino, murayiro French pashure zvikuru gakava akasarudza nokuparura munhu counteroffensive. 1st mauto eGermany akaramba pasina pakavha, saka Britain French yarova navo parutivi, nepo Paris akaita mauto 6 Maunoury raMwari. Kubatsira rwemberi Kluck atumire zvinokosha mauto kubva pamuromo rwizi.

The tipping pfungwa

Battle of Marne River (1914) akatora kupfuura kunotyisa nzira 6 September. Munzvimbo dzose mberi vakatanga musazonetsanazve chisimba. At muromo Marne weBritish kurwisa French yakarwisa iri chikamu nhete wemauto maviri German. The marshland 2nd uye mauto 3rd German akaramba 9th omubatanidzwa hondo. Kurwa chakavapo kwerinenge zuva rose. Atirari kurova muvengi zvakananga pamberi kurwisa, yakanga hwakazara moto pachavo. Kuzvidzivirira hurongwa vakanga zvakasikwa maberere kuchera pemigero nguva chete yakanga asipo. Bhayoneti Kurwisa vakazovatevera anokurumidza anofambisa. Pakazopera zuva vokuGermany akakwanisa kuputsa kurwisa. The French vakaputsanya uye vakanga mwoyo anenge zvachose. Maunoury akanzwisisa nengozi yacho uye kudiwa kwokukurumidzira kupinda muuto. Moroccan Division aiva lifeline nokuda French. Iye asvika muguta guru muna 2 Mazuva pashure pakatanga hondo. Akanga pakarepo akatuma nechemberi. In kuvhiringidza kuti kuchinjwa chikamu imwe njanji raishandiswa. Vamwe vakasvika kurwizi isina kujairika nzira. Nokuti kwayo kushanda kushandiswa risiri tekisi. motokari 600 vakazonzi dzakakurumbira kunzi "Marne nemuchovha".

Battle of Marne mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany haana kuvimbisa chinhu chakanaka. Asi pakarepo vasvike Moroccan weboka akakwanisa kumisa kurwiswa German. To pakupedzisira kuputsa kurwisa rechiFrench, of Kluck chichivheyeswa mashomanana zvipenga Marne. Panguva rwemberi German rwizi kwokubatana vakasara pasina dziviriro. Izvi pakarepo akatora mukana British uye vaibata rakakomba nokurova. zvidzidzo German vakanga adzosa, uye vakadzokera shure. Kurwisana Marne (1914) iri muchidimbu inorondedzerwa ndangariro of Bülow. Pashure 4 makore kuwana mukana kuti kunyange kukundwa.

Migumisiro yehondo pakati Marne

Battle of Marne dzakaguma September rechi12. Near Paris, vokuGermany akuvadzwa zvakakomba ichivhuvhuta, uye akatora mune gobvu chindori rworuboshwe parutivi rechiFrench. Asi omubatanidzwa kubudirira Marne of Bülow akamanikidzwa uchatanga dzokera shure. anofambisa kwakadaro, pakati vamwe, vane unokosha mupfungwa chinhu. Masoja eGermany unomuparadza uye vaisagona kupa zvakakomba nemishonga. Pane zvakawanda zvakapupurwa vanoti dzairwisa akawana masoja eGermany nehope nokuneta.

Battle of Marne yakauraya vanopfuura 150,000 upenyu uye mararamiro Perova World War. German urongwa kukurumidza tsamwisa kwakakundikana. Zvakatanga kunetesa positional danho hondo zvachose umo waitoda kuunganidza mari zvose zvinobatanidzwa.

Second Battle of Marne: The World War First

Muzhizha 1918, 4 makore hondo yokutanga Marne kwakaita dzinotyisa kurwa zvakare. VokuGermany vakanga vachironga kurwisa pamusoro kwemauto ichi mberi kuputsa British Expeditionary Force. July 15 Mauto German pasi murayiro iwoyo Bülow yakarova iri kumabvazuva French Reims. Kurwisa kwavo hwakanyorwa kusvikira pakuguma zuva. American uye Italian mauto vakapindira uye akatanga kusunda vokuGermany kuchamhembe. The kukundwa vehondo German akatanga akatevedzana mikuru omubatanidzwa kushandiswa, somugumisiro izvo zvaiita kuti agumise War World Wokutanga. Second Battle of Marne chakauraya varwi vanenge zviuru 160. Fritz Von Bülow haana vanokwanisa mukudzidzire rwizi.