Bhuku rakanakisisa rinokurudzira uye rinokurudzira: rondedzero, tsanangudzo nekuongorora

Mabhuku akafuridzirwa mabasa anokwanisa kuchinja munhu. Pasi payo simba ravo, nyika yose inoumbwa. Vane chimwe chinhu chinogona kukurudzira, kukurudzira kuita, uye kunyange kuchinja nyika yepakati. Mune zvimwe, kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanzoitiki, maitiro, vanogona kutotanga kugadzirira. Munhu mumwe nomumwe wekuverenga ane bhuku raanoda kana zvimwe zvacho. Ndeapi mabasa emhando idzi? Nhamba ye "MaBhuku Akafuridzirwa" akasiyana nemunhu mumwe nomumwe. Asi pane mabasa ayo iwe unongoda kuziva.

Chii chokuverenga?

Mamiriyoni e mabhuku anobudiswa gore roga roga munyika. Kunyange zana-zana haringagoni kuverengwa. Uye zvakakodzera here? Mushure mezvose, kwete mifananidzo yose inobatsira.

Chero ani zvake akadzidza nhoroondo yemabhuku enyika anotungamirirwa mubhuku renyika nyore nyore. Mazana emabasa akatoverengwa, pakati peiwo pane mabhuku anonyaradza, uye ayo anotungamirira kuchishuva. Murume akaverenga mashomanana emabasa mashoma ezvakanyorwa muhupenyu hwake, uye kunyange kana akaita izvi pasi pemhirizhonga, haazombokwanisi kuonga simba guru re mabhuku.

"Ndiudzei zvaunenge uchiverenga, uye ini ndichakuudza kuti ndiwe ani." Iyo aphorism yakakurumbira yeEuripides inogona kudzokorora zvakare. Mushure mezvose, bhuku racho rinogona kuva shamwari chaiyo, inokwanisa kutsigira munguva yakaoma uye kubatsira kuwana nzira yekubuda kune izvo zvinoita sechinhu chisina tariro. Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvenhema uye zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvichiti musoro we "Mabhuku Anokurudzira". Hazvibvumirwi kutenda kuti muvambi weizvi kana kuti urongwa hahukoshi. Asi chii chinoshanda, maererano nekuongororwa kwevaverengi vakanyanyisa, zvinongoda kuverenga here?

"Mhosva uye Kuranga"

Chikoro chechikoro chinosanganisira mabasa ayo munhu wose anoda kuziva. Zvisinei, zvakaoma kunzwisisa zvakadzama zvinoreva nhoroondo dzeDostoyevsky naTolstoy pamakore gumi neshanu nematanhatu. Anenge asingakwanisi. Tsitsi dzaSoniaya Marmeladova dzinogona kuongororwa chete nemunhu mukuru, mushure mavo hupenyu hunoona, huchikwira, huri pasi, hunoodza mwoyo ...

Apo kuchinja kunosvika muupenyu, uye munhu anoziva kuti mari kana basa hazvikwanise kuunza rugare rwepfungwa, mabhuku anozivikanwa pamusoro pepfungwa yepamusoro haafaniri. "Mabhuku anotsvaga" naDavid Carnegie pamusoro pekuwana ruvengo rwevamwe vashandi uye fadza benzi haazoponeswi kubva pakuora mwoyo. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, mabhuku makuru uye anokosha anodiwa. Imwe muenzaniso ndeyekusingaperi kusingarevi Mhosva uye Kurangwa. Vechidiki vanozviona sechefechenti nyaya pamusoro pemudzidzi uyo akatengesa dambudziko rekare. Vanhu vakuru vanofunga vakaita sebhuku rakachenjera pamusoro petsitsi uye tsitsi. Zvose izvi zvakanga zvisipo mumazuva aDostoyevsky, uye nhasi. Ndicho chikonzero nhau yeRussian classical yakakura inofadza vaverengi vemazuva ano uye, maererano nezvakawanda zvekuongorora, nhasi zvakakosha sezvakaitika kare.

Tenzi naMargarita

Pakati pemabasa emabhuku eRussia kune mabhuku anokurudzira upenyu pasina nhema uye uroyi. Mabhuku anobatsira kudzivisa kukanganisa kwakaipa. Mumwe wavo ndeyanova "Master naMargarita". Kuti ave nechokwadi pamusoro peizvi, zvakakosha kuti uverenge zvakare, uye nekunyatsokosha-zvitsauko zvakatsaurirwa kuna Pondiyo Pirato. Mutongi wechishanu weJudhea aive nechokwadi chekusachena kwemusungwa. Asi haana kuita chinhu kuti amuponese kubva kurufu rwekufa. Uye mushure mekuita kwekutya uyu akatambura munguva yehupenyu hwake, uye mazana emakore mushure maro.

Basa iri rinowanikwawo mumatambudziko ekunyorwa kwemabhuku ayo mudzidzi wese wekuchikoro wekuRussia anofanira kuchiziva. Zvisinei, inoverengeka "Master naMargarita" yakawanda kwazvo. Iine ine nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anonzwisiswa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nezera uye nzwisisiro yevadzidzi.

Zvichida, kwete, mumabhuku eRussia mabhuku, pamusoro peiwo kwaizova nekuwanda kwakanaka kwekuongorora. Pamusoro pevhizha raBulgakov vanopikisa zvizhinji. Akava musoro wehurukuro yakawanda yezvinyorwa zvitsva. Uye ikozvino izvi chete zvinoreva kuti zvakakosha kuverenga "Masters naMargarita". Iyi inozi, yega, inogona kuve yakabatanidzwa kumabasa eboka "Makhuku Akafuridzirwa".

"Mumwe Anopedza Dendere raKuckoo"

Rusununguko nekushaiwa rusununguko ... Zvinyorwa, zvinoreva izvo zvinonzwisisika kunyange kumwana. Ikoko hakuna mubvunzo munhu munyika iyo anoda kuzvipira kurasikirwa nechido. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuchine vanhu vakawanda munyika iyo vari muhutano hwemamiriro ose ezvinhu. Vanokwanisa kuchinja izvi, asi havatombotauri kuedza.

Nheyo yerusununguko inopihwa kumutsva weKen Kesey. Pamubvunzo webhuku ripi rinokurudzira kuchinja hupenyu, kutora matambudziko uye kubvisa chero kuvimba kune vamwe, vanyori vemazuva ano kupindura kwechirevo chekuti: "Mumwe Anoshandisa Dendere reCkoko".

Haasi munhu oga ari kumanikidzirwa kurapwa muchipatara chepfungwa angasununguka. Uyu ndiye uyo anoita zuva nezuva basa rinovengwa kana kurarama nemunhu asingadiwi. Kuti tishandure mamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu, tinoda simba - rakadai saiye ane hero hero Kizi, McMurphy. Anozviisa pangozi, anorasikirwa nechinhu chekupedzisira chaanacho - hupenyu, - asi anokunda. Pashure pezvose, chinhu chakakosha zvikuru munhu ane rusununguko rwake.

Mabhuku anokurudzira kuchinja muupenyu anofanira kuverengwa nekunyatsofungisisa. Mumabasa ezvinyorwa zvebhuku hapana mhinduro dzakananga uye monosyllabic kumibvunzo isingaperi pamusoro pezvinoreva kuva. Muverengi mumwe nomumwe anozviwana akazvimiririra. Bhuku pamusoro pevarwere vechipatara chepfungwa chakakunda rudo rwemamiriyoni evadzidzi. Uye vazhinji vavo vanovimbisa kuti nheyo yaKesey inosungirwa kuverenga, nokuti nyaya yaMcMurphy ine utsinye, asi inodzidzisa upenyu.

Martin Eden

Mabhuku anokurudzira , anokurudzira haasi nguva dzose kuguma kunofadza. Imwe yemabasa akadaro ndeyano "Martin Eden". Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti hero yebasa raJack London iri kufa, nyaya yake inobata uye inofemera.

Mumwe mufambisi wengarava akasarudza kupinda muzvidzidzo rimwe zuva, asi nyika yemabhuku yakamutora zvakanyanya zvokuti haana kutanga kungoverenga, asi pakupedzisira kugadzira purogiramu yake pachake. Upenyu hwake hwachinja. Akazova munyori akakurumbira. Basa romunyori harina kuunza mufaro kune munhu uyu. Asi kushivirira kwake uye mano ake okushanda, maererano nekuongorora kwakasiyana-siyana kwebhuku reLondon, anofara uye anokurudzira kuita.

«Kuuraya mockingbird»

Bhuku raHarper Lee rinodzidzisa rudo neruramisiro. Vanhu dzimwe nguva vane utsinye zvokuti vakagadzirira kuuraya munhu asina mhosva nokuti haana kufanana nevamwe vose.

Mumwe mukomana mutsvuku ari kupomerwa kubata chichena musikana. Pasinei nokuti chokwadi chose chinoratidza kusava nemhosva kwake, jeri rinotenderana naye. Zvisinei, musoro mukuru wemunyori weMunyori weAmerica hausi wekusarura kwemadzinza, asi mararamiro emhuri - mamiriro asina izvo pasina mwana angambova munhu ane unhu uye ane tsika. Ndicho chikonzero basa iri rinowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemabhuku akakurudzirwa.

"Muchena pamusi"

Bhuku rakagamuchira mhinduro dzakawanda dzakanaka. Pasinei nokuti iyo yakabudiswa muna 2002, hapana munhu pakati pevafudzi vemabhuku ezuva ranhasi achawana mumwe munhu asina kunzwa chinhu pamusoro payo. Ndezvipi zvinokonzerwa nekuzivikanwa kwose kwebhuku?

Munhu wese muhupenyu munguva pfupi kana kuti gare gare inouya nguva apo inoratidzika kwaari kuti haana kufara, asingadi uye ari oga. Nyika yakafanana inouya uye inoenda. Mumwe munhu anogona kurarama nevanodzvinyirira vanomanikidza ivo pachavo. Mumwe munhu anoda rubatsiro rwehama. Asi pfungwa "Ndiri munhu akareruka uye asina hanya munyika" kunyange unouya kune anenge munhu wese musoro kune yechipiri.

Ruben Gallego akanyora basa rehupenyu hwevanhu, mushure mekuverenga izvo muverengi anonzwa asinganzwisisiki nekushaya simba kwake uye kutyisa. Iyo hero yebhuku iri munhu akaremara, mudzidzi wenherera. Makumbo ake uye ruoko rumwe rwakaoma mutezo. Ndiye nherera. Uye iye igamba.

Ruben Gallego akakurira muchikoro cheSoviet boarding, simba rake remuviri rakanga risina kukwana. Asi iye akapona uye akanyora bhuku raakatsanangura zvakajeka utsinye hwemagetsi, upenzi hwevadzidzisi, kusava nehanya kwechiremba. Uye akazviita nekunzwisisa kwakadaro uye uchenjeri, nekutadza kwakadaro pamusoro pehutsinye hwevanhu uye tsitsi huru kune vamwe kuti mushure mekuverenga basa, mumwe haadi kuzvinzwira tsitsi kwenguva refu. Enda kuburikidza nematenderedzwa ese egehena yeSoviet chikoro chikoro uye nyora pamusoro pebhuku rino - hausi hutori here?

The Little Prince

Nyaya yakakurumbira-nhoroondo yemunyori wechiFrench yakagadzirirwa kuhutano hwechokwadi hwevanhu. Mafungiro efilosofi, ari ma heroes eExupery, akajeka uye anonzwisisa. Basa iri rinowanzokurudzirwa kuverengera vana. Asi mushure mekukura, vanonzwisisa kuti huchenjeri hwakawanda huri mairi. Zvichida, saka, nhoroondo yemufananidzo weExpery inowanzozivikanwa nevadzidzi vakura.

"451 degrees Fahrenheit"

Roman Bradbury, yakatanga kubudiswa muna 1953, inonyanya kukosha nhasi, muzana remakore rechi21. Upenyu hunoita rwiyo rwemapenzi. Murume wemazuva ano anorasikirwa nekwanisi yekukoshesa kufara kwakanaka, kunakidzwa nekunaka. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha, vanhu vakatanga kuverenga zvishomanana. Kuverenga bhuku rakanaka kunosanganisira basa rezvemweya uye rehunyanzvi. Uye nguva iri kuwedzera zvishoma.

Vane mavhesi evanamatoti Bradbury vanotsiva unyanzvi hunoshanda nemitambo uye mitambo yekuterevhizheni. Mifungiro avo yakaitwa neatrophied, kukwanisa kunzwa mumwe nomumwe kune nguva yakareba yakarashika. Uye vanogara munyika yakasikwa yakasikwa, pasina kuzviona. Asi nyika ino ichanyarara nokukurumidza.

Iyo inoverengeka "451 degrees Fahrenheit" inopindura mubvunzo wekuti nei mabhuku uye unyanzvi zvichidiwa.

Zvinyorwa pamusoro pekuzvivandudza

Mabhuku anofuridzirwa ekuzvikudziridza ndiwo mabasa aripo muzvitoro muhuwandu nhasi. Nzira yekubudirira sei muupenyu hwehupenyu uye hwehutano? Nzira yekubvisa sei kutya nemarudzi ose e phobias? Nzira yekudzidzira sei kuti ubve pakuora mwoyo iwe pachako? Uye kuti ungaziva sei nyika yomukati yomumwe munhu, kwete kuva mupfungwa? Yese yemibvunzo iyi inopindurwa nevanyori vakawanda. Zvingaita sekuti chinetso cheupenyu chinogona kugadziriswa. Izvo chete zvinodiwa kuwana bhuku rakakodzera. Uye kunyanya zvose vanoshamiswa nemabhuku anotsvaga vanyori vanyori. Mabasa akadaro anogadzirisa zvinhu zvose munyori muduku anofanira kuziva kuti anyore uye ozobudisa nhamba yechitendero. Zvakakosha here kutenda vanyori vanovaka "mazano anobatsira" akadaro?

"Shiri mushiri"

Kune mabhuku mazhinji akabayirwa kunyanzvi hwekunyora nhasi. Uye kuwana pakati pehuwandu hwemashoko asina maturo chimwe chinhu chinokosha hachisi nyore. Asi maererano nemhinduro dzevaverengi, pakati pezvizhinji zvezvinyorwa zvakadaro ibhuku rinonzi "Bird mushure membeu". Ann Lamotte haapi kupa mazano, achitevera iyo muverengi achava munyori anozivikanwa uye anowana mamiriyoni. Asi basa rake rinokurudzira, rinotungamirira pakuzvidzivirira. Mukuwedzera, zvakajeka zvinopindurwa nevadzidzi vanoverengeka vasingatauri nezvemakumbo aStephen King.

Kumabhuku, ayo, mumaonero evadzidzi, zvakakosha kuverenga, zvinogonawo kuisa zvinotevera:

• "The Alchemist" P. Coelho;
• "Iwe uripo nokusingaperi" naL. Rampa;
• "Kuchinja" M. Gladwell;
• "Verenganidzi Vatatu" ne EM Remarque;
• "35 kilos wetariro" naA Havald;
• "Unyanzvi hwokuva iwe" naV. Levy;
• "The Steppe Wolf" naG. Hesse;
• "Gumbo renguva" neK. Castaneda.

Saka, chii chiri "mabhuku anokurudzira"? Rwendo rwemabasa anobatsira kutsungirira matambudziko ehupenyu? Mabhuku anomutsa unhu hwakanakisisa mumunhu ? Zvichida, aya mabasa emabhuku anoshanda semhando yebhakoni mugungwa risingaperi rehupenyu. Vanotungamirira, vanovhenekera nzira, uye panguva imwe chete kupa simba.

Pakupedzisira zvakakodzera kuyeuka mazwi eHemingway pamusoro pehutano hwebhuku racho. Mumwe munyori weAmerica aidavira kuti mabasa akanaka ose akafanana mune imwe: shure kwokuvaverenga, muverengi anoita seanofunga kuti vari pamusoro pake, pamusoro pemanzwiro ake, kusuruvara uye kuzvidemba.