Chii gutsaruzhinji chacho chikuru chimiro

Chii gutsaruzhinji? Izvi izwi yakatanga achidhindwa basa Pierre Leroux muna 1834. Zvisinei, imwe tsanangudzo pfungwa havana akagadzira, achiratidza chakatarisana "individualism." Around iyoyo muEngland, okuti rakatanga kushandiswa pakati vateveri Owen. Panguva iyoyo, gutsaruzhinji generalized achidzidzisa pamusoro kudiwa mumagariro kushanduka.

Community gutsaruzhinji kuti yakabuda pakati pezana remakore rechi19 kuRussia, aiva muenzaniso wakajeka ezvinhu akanga akapararira panguva. Sydäntä mumabasa ake akataura munharaunda mirairo, izvo vakatonga murimi mudiki nyika. Maererano naye, vaifanira kuva mavambo pokugadzwa mugovanisi hurongwa. Makore ruzivo zvaiita hurongwa zvakakonzera kwaita yakatarwa zviyero kuti vakatsigira akavhiringirwa upfumi. Nokuti murimi mudiki munharaunda vaiva maitiro zviri redistribution munyika, seboka basa, seboka sarudzo.

Nechekare pamusoro nguva M. Tugan-Baranowski akanyora kuti creators, Pakupindura chii gutsaruzhinji ndiko, akafanana paruzhinji kurondedzera pakutevedzera itsva anomhanyira kukosha pamwe munzanga. Yaifanira kunge zvakapesana Itsva Economic School, iyo nesimba panguva uye vakaziva kuti yakanaka zvoupfumi mumwe-murume vachida.

Inobva tsanangudzo chii gutsaruzhinji yakanga akagadzira ne kwouzivi dzematongerwe enyika, riri kuisa mberi sezvo chinangwa nzanga pasina kudzvinyirirwa kwavanhu, uye vanotenderwa kururamisira uye munzanga nekuenzana. Kurasa National specificity, pfungwa iyi kwenguva refu akanga sokuva chimiro evanhu sangano, apo huru inobereka zvivako uye pasitendi mamiriro, iyo anoronga kurima. Uyezve, zviri mubasa pakugoverwa zvibereko basa pachinhu nheyo "mumwe nomumwe maererano nokugona, mumwe nomumwe maererano nebasa rake."

Zvisinei, nhoroondo akaita zvimwe zvinhu. Chii gutsaruzhinji ari ano mupfungwa? Zviri vanhu riri hunodzorwa mamiriro varidzi nzira inoshandiswa mune kuenzana nedzimwe mhando pfuma, kusanganisira toga. Naiyewo rinoratidza chimiro simba rezvematongerwo enyika, nechinangwa kugutsa zvinodiwa yose kwevanhu.

Tsanangudzo iyi hunonyatsobatana akadaro pfungwa se "democratic gutsaruzhinji". Rinoreva munzanga ane zvakavhenganiswa upfumi, rinotarisa zvinodiwa vanhu, zvakafanana negwara uye ane ehurumende uye voruzhinji kuzvidzora. Chinokosha Misimboti democratic gutsaruzhinji vari:

• gutsaruzhinji. In pfungwa iyi zvinosanganisira paruzhinji ukama, ichipa akanaka mubayiro, kuenzana mikana munhu uye Cultural Development, yokuchengetedzwa zvakayenzana, uye zvichingodaro. Maererano nenheyo iyi, chicherwa pfuma, masango, mvura pfuma nemhuka - nhaka vose;
• munzanga kuenzana zvinosanganisira kuona yakaenzana kodzero kuti zvizvarwa zvose uyewo vakaenzana enyika uye tsika nemagariro, vakaenzana evanhu kudzivirirwa uye inopikira.