Chii mitambo - nhoroondo, dzinokosha anoranga

Chii mitambo? Nokuti mutambo ndohwaJehovha zvizhinji yose yoga zvemakwikwi anoranga. Pari, mitambo ndomumwe zvikuru nevanhu, dzakakurumbira zvemitambo.

History of mitambo budiriro

Zvemari zviri kubva panguva Greece yekare. Traditional Olympic Games munguva dzekare painyanya chete kuti mitambo anoranga. Maererano hwakawanda huripo zvinyorwa, okutanga Olympic Games yaiitwa pachishandiswa makwikwi mu ndichimhanyira pfupi akareba. Gare gare, zvinhu akawanda zvakadaro purogiramu Siyanisai chimiro vachimhanya mumatanho akawanda, zvikurukuru nokuku. Pashure paizvozvo paiva kuranga inonzi dolihodromos, raiva kumbonyanya refu marudzi kutsungirira.

A itsva ose kukura nhoroondo inowira remakore rechi12, apo mutambo awana kukurumbira pakati pavagere kuBritish Isles. Rakanga pano kekutanga vakatanga kuita guru rokutanga mitambo makwikwi, yaisanganisira marudzi ari nechokure, mukuru kusvetuka uye refu, vachikanda mapfumo. Ndizvo makwikwi aya vakapa chinokosha zvakasimbisa kukura mutambo ano.

Athletics makwikwi, sezvo pedyo zvakasikwa kuti magetsi, vakatanga kuita, sezvo yechipiri yezana remakore rechi19, apo vaGiriki vakatakura wokutanga kuedza ndiponesezve akare,-refu kukanganwa tsika. Gare gare, Championships aya yakaitwa munyika munyika zhinji kwazvo.

Basic mitambo anoranga

Chii mitambo? Hwaro mutambo uyu kuti Mujaho anoranga: yokungoi- ta bara, paavhareji, akareba ataure rudzi, ndudzi nokuidzivirira. A vakaparadzana mhando, akakodzerwa vainyatsotarisirwa, vamiriri kufamba, apo mukuru kusimbisa, sezvo zvichienzaniswa mhanya, akaita zvakarurama kufamba unyanzvi.

Pari mitambo kumhanya uye rudzi achifamba makwikwi dzinoitwa kwete chete mumitambo nhandare, asi kakawanda kupfuura nhandare.

Cross chirango - kwete chete inobva pane mutambo mukuru uye mumuviri tsika. Athletics nhasi rinobatanidza zvakawanda michina anoranga:

• danda-vaulting, vachisvetuka pamusoro kutwasuka ematongerwo;
• chinjikira achisvetukasvetuka;
• discus, sando, nemharu, bara akaisa.

Zvose pamusoro mitambo anoranga zvinoumba chimiro nokusungwa yeOlympic chirongwa ari makwikwi pakati pavanhu kubva 1908. Vazhinji ouinjiniya anoranga vanobatanidzwa mune purogiramu njanji uye munda decathlon makwikwi.

manya

Kuti tinzwisise kuti mitambo, chete kutarisa makwikwi muchinjikwa-nyika anoranga, iyo rwugare chikuru makwikwi mitambo chirongwa. Parizvino, pane mhando dzakawanda emit zvirongwa muchinjikwa-nyika:

1. Smooth yokungoi- ta bara - marudzi pa kure 50 kusvika 400 m, izvo vavete mwoyo zvikuru dzomunyika makwikwi. Start of marudzi musi varairwa mutongi, "Akagadzirira" - uye zvino bara rakarira kubva kugabhuka pfuti. In vakurumidze pakutanga mumwe vatambi kuenda chemabhazi kumhanya, uye violator pamusoro mitemo uye akaenda nemavambo chenhema yambiro iri rakapa. Akadzokorora zvikanganiso pakutanga kuchaita Vachinyunyuta neKusharwa kweVanhu. The chete mitemo inoshanda nemamwe Mujaho anoranga.
2. Chipingamupinyi yokungoi- ta bara - musiyano mukuru kubva yokungoi- ta bara riri kudiwa kuti akunde zvipingamupinyi. Kufambira vatambi kunoitika pamusoro yoga nzira, mumwe nomumwe riri imwe nhamba zvipingamupinyi zvichienderana kure pakureba.
3. Races pamusoro svikiro uye refu siyana - zvezvisarudzo simba uye zvinofadza anoranga mune zvemitambo. Entertainment dzemabhiza haisi chete aifanira kusarudza zvakarurama nzira vatambi, asiwo yakakwirira ndingangokuvara panowanikwa vakawanda dzausingafungidziri.

pedestrianism

Panguva iyoyo, reInternational Federation of njanji uye munda kusanganisira mitambo vanofamba mazita Olympic anoranga. Kuhwina makwikwi munhangemutange kufamba inoda kwete chete kuratidzwa zvikuru nokukurumidza zvabuda, asiwo pokuita zvizere art. Saka, varindi chinorambidzwa kushandisa basketball kana tsoka arasikirwe kuonana pasi, kureva kutamira padariro ndege muviri pamusoro pasi. Vanozvitutumadza ari hwokugadzira zvinokanganiswa munhangemutange kufamba kunopa duku fines uye Vachinyunyuta neKusharwa kweVanhu.

Akarasa michina mitambo

Chii mitambo, chiizve Rinowanikwawo pfungwa iyi? In yemakwikwi mitambo chirongwa, pamwe achimhanya nokuuruka anoranga anosanganisira kukanda mhando dzose anoshongwa: asi tsanga, nyundo, Disc, dzimwe nguva tenesi balls uye chokunyepera magirinedhi. Okupedzisira anoranga maviri vane unhu kugadzirira, rutsigiro uye kurovedza anechekuita kuitira.

All kukanda anoranga kubvumira rokutanga inertial kumhanyisa zvokushandisa mitambo, izvo anobvumira kuwedzera airspeed panguva kusunungurwa kunyorerana maoko thrower nokubviswa.

zvose-kumativi

Kuparadzana, chimwe chezvinhu zvinofadza nokuda Fafitera anoranga mune zvemitambo runoonekwa kuva kumativi. decathlon Classic evanhu zvinobatanidza marudzi pamusoro pfupi uye svikiro kure, akamhanya zvipingamupinyi, refu kusvetuka uye kukwirira, vachikanda mapfumo.

Achitaura hadzi heptathlon zvino rinomirira chirango achimhanya makwikwi 100, 200, 800 m, vachisvetuka kureba uye urefu, bara akaisa uye pfumo.

Achigadzira zvawanikwa uye kuona Kumukundi mu mukono ari mukadzi-kumativi kunoitika kuburikidza unotara uwandu pfungwa izvo paakavapa kuratidza migumisiro vamwe mune zvimwe anoranga.