Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich - cosmonaut, Hero of Soviet Union

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich, ane Biography chinorondedzerwa muna nyaya iyi - cosmonaut, Colonel. Aiva mukuru "Soyuz-11" uye orbital chiteshi "Salyut".

mhuri

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich (mhuri yake yaigara Odessa) akaberekwa June 1, 1928 Aiva munun'una Alexander. Baba Timofei Trofimovich, akasiya mhuri muna 1930, vakashanda sezvo mukuru counterintelligence. Akarega basa muna 1957, mai George vake, Maria A., kurera vana ari oga. Kwete mari yakakwana, uye akatora chikamu-nguva basa pane imwe munharaunda chitoro somunhu cleaner. Akabva vakagara mutengesi atirari School. Hama Alexander akaberekwa muna 1946. Iye aishanda samakanika ari trawl rengarava.

udiki

Childhood George Timofeevich akaenda kuchera pemigero uye vachidanana vanodzima vakuvara. Akaedza kupinda vamwe partisan boka, asi hazvina kutora, nekuti akanga achiri muduku. Zvadaro, pamwe chete neshamwari dzake, zvakadai vechiduku vakasarudza kuronga vayo. Takawana mamwe zvombo. Michina varume muvhu, pfuti uye ruoko magirinedhi akasiya kumba.

Asi vari yakawana pasi. By Dobrovolsky akangoerekana akavhiringidza nemapurisa ane kutsvaka warandi uye akawana chombo. George akasungwa uye akatongerwa makore 25 ari mujeri. Ainyanya nekuti kunyange panguva padanda haana kupa shamwari chete. Uye vari mubayiro, wakati akaronga akapukunyuka. Uye zvishoma pane mwedzi pashure Odessa akanga vakasunungurwa kubva vokuGermany nemauto eSoviet.

inotungamirwa

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich kudzidza 6th mugiredhi pakati chikoro muna Odessa. Zvadaro, muna 1941, hondo yakatanga, uye kudzidza aifanira kwechinguva dzivaidza. Muna 1944, George T. tanga vakabudirira vakapfuura bvunzo kuti 7 uye 8 makirasi uye akabatana wa9, akabva hwakatamisirwa Air Force Special School. Iye kudzidza muna 1946 akapinda muchiuto Chuguyivske aviauchilische makore maviri gare gare. Ndapedza, muna 1950, akagamuchira kupupura Ndege mutyairi dzeboka rechipiri.

Zvakatanga basa muSoviet Air Force. Dobrovolsky sangana nazvo mberi nedzidzo. Akadzidza paUniversity Marxism-Leninism. Iye sekondari muna 1952. Zvadaro Gregory T. akapinda Air Force Academy (zvino BBA pavo. Gagarin) kuti kure pakudzidza. Vakaipedza, ataura murayiro-uye-netsvimbo dzakagadzirirwa.

Kushumira muchiuto

Kubvira muna 1950, Dobrovolsky akashumira kutanga nyore mutyairi wendege. Makore maviri gare gare, akava mukuru. Akanga akanyoresa 965 chemazana chehondo 123rd Fighter Air Defense Division. Muna 1952 akapinda 71 fung Fighter Air Corps. Kubvira 1955, George T. akagadzwa Mutevedzeri dzechikwata wavarwi kuti zvematongerwo enyika, uye mumatsutso chete gore - wavarwi. Muna 1960 akagadzwa co-mutyairi uye mutevedzeri. Dzechikwata wavarwi. Papera gore akagadzwa mukuru enyika dhipatimendi. Muna 1962, Dobrovolskiy Georgiy Timofeevich yarova ndandanda yakanakisisa kuvatungamiri mhepo Links.

Education pamusoro asitironati

Muna 1962, pashure pokupedza kudzidza kubva Air Force Academy, Dobrovolsky huchibva wezvokurapa kuongororwa panguva Central Research aviagospitale. komisheni-gore Medical-okuberekwa vakabvumira Zatsepin muchadenga. Papera gore iye wevashumiri muchadenga kunoongorora.

Muna January 1963, mumwe mudzidzi akanga akanyorwa wokutanga MSC. Zvino makore maviri akati akabata vakawanda nzvimbo basa rinokosha. In pemwedzi January 1965 George T. vakabudirira vakapfuura advertising asitironati Air Force uye mazuva gumi gare gare akava asitironati rechipiri kukupfura.

Kubva Mumatsutso 1966 Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich akadzidziswa muboka. Training yakaitwa pasi chirongwa flyby chitundumusere-musere "Soyuz 7K-L1" mwedzi. Kubva muna 1967 kusvika 1968. Kugadzirira nendege muchadenga kwakatora panorongwa "Diamond". Muna 1971 iye akanyoresa chirongwa mu "Ndikwazisirei" kutiza mumwedzi. George T. uye vachigadzirira pambiru wavarwi, kuti atsive naye kana zvakakodzera. Muchiitiko chino, Dobrovolsky akakwanisa zvacho cosmonaut vashandi kuti "Soyuz-11". boka iri raisanganisira Volkov uye V. Patsaev.

The vashandi kuti "Soyuz-11"

The vashandi kuti "Union-11" yakaumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Pakupera 1960 nayo nendege muchadenga vanhu vaviri chete panguva imwe chete. Asi vokuAmerica vokutanga kwakatangwa matatu chete. The Soviet Union asarudza kwete lag shure, uye akatanga osimudza vashandi 3 vanhu. Chinoumba zvinosanganisira Mazura, V.Kubasov uye P. Kolodin. The negadziriro yeparutivi - Dobrovolsky, mukomana uye mhumhi.

Okutanga nookupedzisira ndege Dobrowolski

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich, ane mudzimai akamuberekera vanasikana vaviri, akapfuurira kushumira Motherland. June 4, 1971 musangano State Commission. The chikuru vashandi kuti "Union-11" yave vakatsiviwa nouya. Chikonzero - the kudzima magetsi, somuenzaniso mumapapu pamusoro V. Kubasova. Akarayira vashandi Georgy Dobrovolsky. June 6, 1971 "Soyuz-11" pamwe muchadenga kunoongorora vatatu kwakatangwa nenguva 7:55 am Moscow nguva.

Zuva rakatevera, chikepe chakanga zvakachengeteka Dock pamwe nzvimbo chechitima. Saka tanga pakava aigarira tsvakurudzo yeredhiyo munyika. Dobrovolsky vashandi akaita rakaita yokuedzwa basa chechitima hurongwa uye aiitisa zvidzidzo zvakawanda uye kuedza. Ivo netariro huru jogirafi, meteorology uye zvemaumbirwo, uyewo gungwa kutsvakurudza pfuma Nyika yayo uswa.

Ndege rwakatora mazuva 23. 18 awa. 21 min. uye 43 chik. Zvino paiva zvisingatarisirwi Tsaona akauraya vose nhengo rwendo. Munguva kudzoka chikepe pazvakaringana yemapurisa paNyika pamwe muchadenga kunoongorora kutanga akaputsa papi. Apo "Soyuz-11" yakawira kubva ndege ndaifanira kuwana nechitunha.

Doctors nokukurumidza akasarudza chinokonzera rufu - mwoyo chemabhazi. Uyezve, vose vatatu kamwechete. Kuti tinzwisise zvikonzero gare gare. Zvino pakarepo nokumutswa chikwata akaedza kudzokera muchadenga kunoongorora kuti upenyu. The zvakawanda kuti tembiricha muviri zvakajairika. Asi mwoyo uye kwete ndakawana.

Chinokonzera rufu kuwanikwa pashure kuburikidza achiongorora zvaive "dema bhokisi". It Vakawana kuti pane imwe kukwira pamusoro 150? Km yakaitika depressurization. Pressure yakatanga kunaya nehasha, uye akanga anenge razero pashure 40 seconds. maminitsi 43 pashure rechipiri depressurization zvose muchadenga kunoongorora matatu panguva imwe chete akamira mwoyo.

Maererano pamutemo data, chikonzero - kukurumidza hwomukova kufefetedza vharuvhu. Error inowanikwa chitundumusere-musere kugadzirwa. Installers vakakosa pamusoro payo, bhora mavharuvhu, panzvimbo unodikanwa makirogiramu simba 90 - zvose pakati 60 uye 65 makirogiramu. Somugumisiro, paiva reboot guru yandakafuka vashande mavharuvhu. Uye havana kukunda muedzo uye anopararira. Ngarava akaumba buri dhayamita 20 mm. Muchadenga kunoongorora kutanga ndafenda panguva 23 fung wechipiri. Uye kare ikako vakadzivira mwoyo yavo.

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich. Personal upenyu: wake nevana

George T. akaroorwa Lyudmila Timofyevna. Aishanda somudzidzisi. Pana George uye Ekaterina aiva nevanasikana vaviri. Chokutanga, Marina, achiri kushanda MSU. It - Mudzidzisi Chirungu. mwanasikana Second - Natalia.

Titles uye mibayiro

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich vakagamuchira zita Hero uye cosmonaut Soviet muna 1971, asi afa. Akange paakavapa ari "Gold Star" uye "Nokuti Military munorumbidzirweiko" uye Order of Lenin. Panguva basa Georgii Timofeevich akapiwa rejubheri Medals nomwe. Kubva 1972 kusvika nhasi ari makwikwi mu trampolining wakapata mukombe chaiyo Dobrovolsky. madota ake mudura Kremlin parusvingo.