Ferroalloy - chii ichi? ferroalloy Plant

The metallurgia indasitiri chinhu yepamusorosoro maindasitiri, izvo zvinoda kwete chete pfuma, asi synthesized zvinhu kana yokuvirisa kuti kuvandudza chokupika simbi. Nokuti kugadzirwa simbi achishandisa alloys simbi chete dzakananga zvinoriumba. The zvichiguma yeimwe - iri ferro-alloys.

Chii?

Ferrosplav - zvokunyama zvakakodzera kuti metallurgia indasitiri, kushandiswa nechinangwa doping, deoxidation, achinatsa ferrous uye non-ferrous simbi. Hwaro ferroalloy vakaisa chiwanikwa iron (Fe, ferrum) pamwe yokuvirisa (manganese, potassium, molybdenum, nesilicon, etc.). Production kunoitika rinokosha dzakabatana.

Pari, mashoko akashandiswa zvaAtemisi yesimbi chiwanikwa vanopfuura makumi maviri zvinhu. New tsvakurudza uye maindasitiri zvinodiwa vanoratidza nokuwedzera kwenhamba kubatana.

kugadzwa ferroalloys

In simbi uye simbi ferroalloys zvinoshandiswa dope, unokubvumira kugamuchira vanopfuura zviuru 2,5 mamakisi siyana hwendarira. The nani steels zvinoshandiswa migodhi, metallurgia, kemikari, kuvakwa, kudzivirira bhizimisi uye mamwe maindasitiri. Ferroalloy - iri chirungiso simbi, izvo akasuma yokugadziridza ehupfumi yokupedzisira zvinhu. Kururamiswa simbi unhu kunogona kuvandudza zvemaziso ehupfumi, kuramba tembiricha kunyanyisa kana zvokurwa namakemikari ezvinhu. Okupedzisira ehupfumi emashoko achavaponesa murwiyo, iyo wakatangwa panguva simbi simbi.

Ferroalloy kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwawo rinobvumira kuti vawane mamwe yakapambadzirwa simbi chete zvakachinjwa functionality, semuenzaniso, asiri rinobva zvokunyama kana turusi. Deoxidation kwakaita sesimbi kushandisa ferroalloy inodikanwa ndichisunga O oxygen gang zvachose uremu. Pano anoshandiswa simbi yeimwe pamwe nesilicon, titanium, aruminiyamu nezvakadaro.

Uyewo ferroalloy - a modifier kuti simbi kana kukanda simbi, yakagadzirirwa kuderedza zviyo nemamiriro acho uye kuvandudza kukanganisa enhancement pakati zvemaziso zvivako. Nokuti muvaki simbi pamwe vanoverengeka zvinhu zvakadai karusiyamu + nesilicon, simbi + manganese + nesimbi + magnesium nesilicon unto.

mbishi zvinhu

ferroalloy Kugadzirwa rinotanga mbishi mhangura uko yakazara chairo boka zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, nokuti ferrosilicon uye ferrochromium akashandisa zvakapfumisa mhangura, uye nokuda ferrotitanium kana ferrotungsten chinhu Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chikafu. The muzvigadzirwa kwacho kunosanganisira danho kuderedza oxides simbi, akabatanidza mukomboni. Zvaakazoita tiwedzere ndiyo simbi kana zvayo oxides. Recycling chaikosha anogamuchira mamiriro ezvinhu mudanga chimiro uye kusavapo neizvi oxidation. Iron uye simbi indasitiri panguva ino Danho anowanzodanwa kushandiswa nzira electrothermal kugadzirwa ferroalloys, iyo yakavakirwa redox kuita. Kubvunda simbi pamwe kuwedzera ferroalloy kunoderedza tembiricha muchoto, nokudaro kuderedza simba kudyiwa gadzira.

marudzi ferroalloys

Pari pose kugadzirwa ferroalloys ndiyo mamiriyoni 16.5 matani pagore. Uwandu zvinhu zviri mumazana pezvitsiga zvakazara rinoita zvinodiwa mhando dzose kugadzirwa simbi (zvavo, inokosha, kuvakwa). mugove reRussia mukurima nyika 12.7%, vaitungamirira nzvimbo dziri inogarwa China, US, Japan. Ferroalloy - ichi ndechimwe zvikuru nevanhu zvigadzirwa, ayo kugadzirwa ndiyo aizobudirira inoenda Kugadzirwa indasitiri.

The Mhando chikuru ferroalloys:

• Ferrosilicon.
• Silicocalcium.
• Ferromanganese.
• Ferrochrome (pamusoro unosvikirwa, yakaderera-kabhoni, carbon-akasununguka).
• Silikohrom.
• Ferrotungsten.
• Ferromolybdenum.
• Ferrovanadium.
• Ferrotitanium.
• Ferroboron.
• Exothermic alloys.

ferroalloy indasitiri

Ferroalloy indasitiri muRussia kwave hunomiririrwa chete zvebhizimisi, iri Urals kusvikira 1917. simba chirimwa anoumbwa yamavira maviri 250 KW. 4 Zvirimwa kwakamboitwa 30s ichishanda: Lipetsk, kuChelyabinsk, Zaporozhye (Ukraine), Zestafoni (Georgia).

Munguva kubva muna 1942 kusvika 1945 nayo yakavakwa uye raparurwa Kuznetsky, Aktobe, Klyuchevskii ferroalloy zvirimwa. Mumakore akazotevera pashure pehondo kupinzwa kushanda mumatanho Serov (1956), Stakhanov kuUkraine (1962), Nikopol (Ukraine, 1966), Ermak muKazakhstan (1968). Ivepo simba zvakazara kugutsa zvinodiwa mumhuri kumusika uye kubvumirwa kupinda wokumwe musika ane makwikwi kupa. The zvachose Vhoriyamu kugadzirwa kwezvinhu ferroalloys panguva kuparara Soviet Union yakasvika mamiriyoni 6 matani pagore kuti. In Russia miti gumi kushanda nhasi, kushandisa pagadzirwe ferroalloys. Remasangano aya ndiwo kuChelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant.

Aksu chirimwa muna Kazakhstan

Aksu Ferroalloy Plant iri muna Pavlodar mudunhu Kazakhstan. Kusvikira 1995, yakanga zita Ermak Ferroalloys, basa musi - 1966. Muna 1995 boka akatengeswa kuti Japanese kambani Japan Chrom Corp., mugore iroro akava nhengo "Kazchrome" dzesangano. Total pagore Kugadzirwa iri matani anenge miriyoni imwe mishonga. Iye zvino, boka rimwe nyika vatungamiri pagadzirwe alloys. Energy kudya inokwana megawatts 600. Huru zvakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa - chromium, manganese, nesilicon alloys.

Production chinzvimbo:

• Four smelter.
• Twenty-matanhatu emagetsi yamavira pamwe vanokwanisa kubva 16.5 kusvika 63 MVA.
• Two regadziriro okudhindira.
• Gang emhodzi.
• Zvokuimba kwaunonogadziriswa.
• Road uye njanji chirimwa.

Uwandu vashandi kambani - vanhu 6,000.

Novokuznetsk chirimwa

Muna 1942 akatanga kubudisa ferroalloys Novokuznetsk. Muna 1992 kambani ruripo chehurumende, kuva pamwe wemari kambani. The kwokuchinja tenzi yokutanga yakaitika muna 2000, basa kambani rava boka MDM. Uye kubva 2010 chirimwa rinotungamirirwa Ural-Siberian Metallurgical Company.

Huru zvigadzirwa vari aiendeswa deoxidizing, alloying hwendarira ferrosilicon. Nokuti ouinjiniya indasitiri wakabudiswa modifiers akashandiswa kunyunguduka simbi. A itsva mhando okuwana microsilica yakashandiswa kuti simbi uye tundishes zvinobatanidzwa nedanho kuraswa.

Klyuchevskii chirimwa

Klyuchevskii Ferroalloy Plant yakavambwa pamusana hromoobogatitelnoy fekitari muna 1941. Kusvika panguva chete nzvimbo post-Soviet zvino pave zvinopfuura 30 mhando ferroalloys, alloys. Hunoumba "MidUral Group" chekambani.

The Range mishonga zvinosanganisira:

• Silicocalcium pamwe kuwedzererwa pamusoro vanadium, zirconium, titanium, aruminiyamu.
• Silikovanady, ferronioby, silicocalcium, ferrotitanium.
• Modifier ferrosilikotsirkony magnesium kugutsikana.
• Ligature - kwakavakirwa niobium uye nickel kubva isingawanzowanikwi pasi simbi.
• Gang and said.

Current zvigadzirwa kushandiswa deoxidizing, alloying, degassing ndarira yaro alloys, uyewo modifiers simbi.

Nikopol ferroalloy

The danho rokutanga chirimwa kwakatangwa muna 1966. Kubvira 1968, boka iri vaiona pakukura Europe. Mukuru maruva uye azere kukwanisa Utilisation Nikopol Ferroalloy Plant kuitwa muna 1985-1990. Pashure kugadzirwa akatanga kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kusvika panguva chirimwa - a vakaziva maindasitiri mutungamiri muUkraine. Nokuda akaoma hupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu zviri vava kuda mukuvhara.

zvinogadzirwa:

• Ferrosilikatomarganets.
• Ferromanganese.
• electrode namatidza.
• Fluxes.
• Gang abrasives, marara.
• Vanokwira kugadzirwa.

Muti muna Bratsk

Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant iri muna Irkutsk nharaunda uye ndiye kupfuura Mugadziri ferrosilicon East Siberian nharaunda. The fekitari yakavhurwa pachishandiswa mumwe zvitoro ose ari Bratsk aruminiyamu chirimwa. mabhizimisi vanofanira kwaiva kuchikonzerwa epamba kudiwa semiconductors, masero zuva magetsi. The chikuru inogadzirwa zvebhizimisi ndiyo ferrosilicon rurefu zviri nesilicon - kusvika 75%. The nhau yaigadziriswa muna 1998. Kuitira kuwana yayo mbishi zvinhu BFZ Pakukurukura Uvat quartzite mhangura. The maindasitiri kunzwisisa anogamuchira magetsi kubva pedyo Bratsk HPP, izvo yekudyidzana zvinoderedza mari inoshandiswa, kupfuura chetatu iyo vaitengesa nokudzora kambani "Mechel" pakati Enterprises.

Serov

Serov Ferroalloys anowanika kwemakore anopfuura 50. Chirimwa ndiyo yechipiri pakukura mugadziri muRussia. Huru zvigadzirwa - kabhoni ferrochrome (mukuru-kabhoni, svikiro-kabhoni, yakaderera-kabhoni, ferrosilicochrome). The danho rokutanga chirimwa kwakatangwa muna 1961. To musi, chikamu kambani "CHMEK".

ferroalloy chirimwa iri muna Sverdlovsk nharaunda (Serov), gore negore kugadzirwa vanokwanisa anenge 200 zviuru matani apera zvigadzirwa. It kunobereka guru chakarondedzera ligatures nemhaka yakaderera kabhoni ferrochromium yaunganidzwa nokusanganisa Unonyunguduka. Kuteerera zvinodiwa wechipfuwo esimbi pamusika, kambani nyanzvi kugadzirwa ferrosilicon. The zvigadzirwa zvakakumikidzwa vazhinji vatorwa uye mudzimba emakambani inodzvova.

Aktobe chirimwa

Chirimwa riri mu Aktobe (Kazakhstan). The tani kuti ferroalloys Wokutanga akaberekwa panguva chirimwa muna 1943. Huru zvigadzirwa - ferroaluminum, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferrotsink, nonferrous nesimbi uye dzavo alloys, nokuti alloys ose CATALYTIC kwendangariro.

Aktobe ferroalloys chirimwa pagore unobereka matani anopfuura 300,000 mishonga. Mukuwedzera, kambani unobereka inonyanya kuti simbi (ilmentinovy, zircon, rutile). Chirimwa ndiyo imwe nyika vatungamiri pakuburitswa indasitiri. Management kambani - TNK "Kazchrome".

Plants muRussia uye Kishi ferroalloys

Enterprises Russia:

• Alapaevsk simbi fekitari zvigadzirwa - ferromanganese.
• Kosogorsky MTZ Tula, zvigadzirwa - nguruve simbi, ferromanganese.
• Serov, zvinogadzirwa - kabhoni ferrochrome.
• Bratsk chirimwa, huru zvigadzirwa - ferrosilicon.
• Ryazan Plant, huru zvigadzirwa - ferromolybdenum, ferrovanadium, ferro-tungsten, alloys ose zvisingawanzoitiki nesimbi anobudiswa panguva chirimwa.
• Tikhvin chirimwa zvigadzirwa - kabhoni ferrochrome.
• Kuznetsk Ferroalloy Plant (ferrosilicon).
• Klyuchevskii chirimwa unobereka kushoma alloys - ferroboron, ferronoby, ferrotitanium, uye vamwe.
• KuChelyabinsk IEC - ane mutungamiri indasitiri. Current zvigadzirwa - ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrosilicochrome, silicocalcium uye nevamwe.
• Kingisepp chirimwa (ferromanganese, silicomanganese).

Enterprises Ukraine:

• Zaporizhia ferroalloy chirimwa manufactures ferrosilicon manganese simbi, ferroalloys, uye vamwe.
• Nikopol, zvigadzirwa - ferroalloys, ferromanganese, uye vamwe.
• Stakhanov muna Lugansk mudunhu, mhando zvigadzirwa - ferroalloys, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese.
• Donetsk Ferroalloys Plant, huru zvigadzirwa - Ferroaljuminy.

Pakutanga 2017, Ukrainian emakambani rakada kumira mabasa ayo nokuda yehondo uye zvakadzika zvoupfumi munyika.

Enterprises Kazakhstan:

• Aktobe chirimwa, zvigadzirwa kwakavakirwa chromium, manganese, nesilicon alloys.
• Aksu chirimwa unobereka ferromanganese, ferrochrome uye nevamwe.

Georgian vagadziri:

• Zestafoni fekitari kugadzirwa siyana ferroalloys - ferromanganese.