George Cross 4 madhigirii: nhoroondo uye zvaidiwa coinage

George Cross 4 madhigirii dzakatangwa sezvo chepamusoro mubayiro, izvo chinokudza nhengo rezasi panhengo iri hondo Russian Empire. Zvinonzi paakavapa chete oga ushingi muhondo. Pasinei chokwadi kuti mubayiro uyu atova makore anopfuura mazana maviri, zita rayo aripo - St. George Cross - hazvina akagashira pakarepo. Chaioneka chete muna 1913 pamwe akabvumirwa yoku- zvokudya pamusoro Order of St. George.

Nhoroondo chiitiko

In pemwedzi February 1807 akabudisa Highest Manifesto, izvo ndiye ari zvemaoresa. Zvakanga ake pashure kunzi George Cross. Muna 1833, panguva yaitonga Nicholas I, pakava nokudiwa kupfeka murayiro mutsva St. George Order. Yaiva dzakawanda zvakagadzirwa pamusoro mibayiro michinjikwa musoja sezvamunoita. Somuenzaniso, ikozvino kumiririra kuti vehondo mubayiro aigona mauto uye vehondo vakaparadzana housings. anoitwa iri nzira zvikuru akwanise award pacharo, uye vanenge zvachose ose bureaucratic sokunonoka.

The rakatevera utsanzi - kufadza kuwedzera kusvika mari ravarwi neasiri akarayira vakuru, uyewo kodzero kupfeka muchinjikwa St. George ane uta. Musiyano uyu pashure nechitarisiko weboka mibayiro panguva dzakasiyana siyana.

Award wokutanga, akatanga muna 1807, havana kuverengwa. chikanganiso ichi akatanga kugadzirisa makore chete pashure maviri pavakasarudza nyora vose Cavaliers. Nokuti mubayiro ichi kwenguva vabatwa uye ipapo akataura. Naizvozvo chaizvo zvinozivikanwa kuti paiva 9937 makopi. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, uye ikozvino unogona kuwana kubva uyo akapiwa munhu kana rimwe George Cross (mugiredhi 4). By nhamba uye mhando Fonts zviri nyore kuona nguva dzakasvikwa mubairo. Munyika First nhamba achidzorera michinjikwa vakapfuura mamiriyoni 1, saka neizvi kwapera medallions pamusoro yokumusoro Ray ndewe pakunzi 1 / M.

tsananguro pfupi

George Cross 4 madhigirii akazviratidza chete muna March 1856, apo nzvimbo Order of St. George zvimwe kuchinja zvakaitwa. Pakutanga 1 remhando 2 zvakagadzirwa nendarama, uye vamwe vaviri - nesirivha. Maererano mutemo hunogutsa zvazvichaitika sequentially. Uyezve, nokuti mumwe nomumwe inosiyana yazvo chaiyo vaverengwa yambokurukurwa, uye nokuda akawedzera kuona mutsauko kunyange uta akaita pamusoro St. George Ribbon.

Pashure vakawanda awarding varwi kuti akashinga kubata Turkish Hondo 1877-1878 inoratidza kuti dzave kushandiswa chemindi coinage, kwakasarudzwa kuti ndiwedzere. Nokuti ichi chinangwa medalist A. A. Grilihes akaita zvimwe zvachinja nomufananidzo muchinjikwa. Panguva iyoyo kusarurana izvi vawana pakuonekwa, izvo rakapona kusvikira 1917 chimurenga. Imprint mufananidzo kutaurirana. George weekly pamusoro medallions kuva zvikuru kuratidza.

ropafadzo

The Mutemi chitsva 1913, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu inopiwa, uye mupenyu mugove. Saka paakavapa ari George Cross 4th dhigirii akapiwa rubles 36, uye vokutanga - kare 120. In iyi, varidzi mibayiro vanoverengeka akabhadhara kana mudyandigere kuwedzera zvose soro mutsauko. Knights vomuchinjikwa St. George 4 madhigirii, uye akarurama paakavapa mutsauko ichi aiva nhamba ropafadzo, akadai mbidzwa anoshanda kwavari koporo chirango.

kugadzira zvinhu

Nechekare muna April 1914, paiva michinjikwa St. George 4 madhigirii dzokuenzanisira itsva. Vanofanira chemindi akanyoresa kuwa 1913. Vakanga aida kukurukura vechikamu emauto nzendo uye muganhu varindi. Kubvira July 1914, apo World Rokutanga, chemindi akatanga chemindi yakawanda michinjikwa. Kuti paitwe muitiro wokutanga kushandiswa kunyange medallions avo vakanga vachiri chete hondo Japanese. Chete mugore wehondo kutumirwa vanenge 1.5 zviuru chinoyambuka yokutanga yakawanda zviuru 3 - .. The wechipiri, 26 ndipo -. The rwechitatu norwechina pakukura mari - 170 zviuru makopi ..

Nokuda zvikuru kwakawedzera kudiwa ari George Cross kubva anokosha nesimbi uye akaoma ezvoupfumi mamiriro munyika muchirimo 1915 kwakasarudzwa kuti kuderedza uwandu ivhu goridhe yaishandiswa zvinangwa izvi, saka rokumusoro mwero zvemaoresa muchiuto dzaigadzirwa rinokosha chiwanikwa. In kwayo sezvamunoita rine 60 chete% yakaisvonaka.

Kutangira October 1916 uye anoita nesimbi zvinodhura vakatsausa kubva chiwanikwa zvaishandiswa kugadzirwa zvose pasina chaakasiya, mibayiro Russian. Kubva ikozvino George Cross 4 madhigirii kare yakagadzirwa chete kubva nickel sirivha uye tsvuku nendarira, uye mwaranzi dzacho letters: BM - resimbi chena, uye LM - tsvuku. Pamberi yaifamba 1917, dikidiki Government akatendera achidzorera Award ichi sezvo varwi uye navatariri, pamwe yokupedzisira patepi uyewo wakarovererwa munhu welaurel bazi.