Hondo yevagari Rome. Zvinokonzera yevagari hondo muRoma. Table "Hondo Yevagari muRoma"

History anoziva hondo dzakawanda yevagari muRoma. Zvikurukuru kuoma kwaiva mamiriro ezvinhu mukunopera Republic.

makore akawanda sei kwakapfuurira muRoma yehondo?

Nguva iyo hondo kwakaitika, vanoverengeka dzekare zvaizobatsira somumwe makurusa systemic nematambudziko nyaya Empire. Yakakurumbira hondo yevagari muRoma kwakaitika 40s BC. e. Panguva yake Yuliy Tsezar paakasangana senatorial vepamusoro, waiva musoro Pompey Veliky. makore akawanda sei kwakapfuurira muRoma hondo, ndiye kwaiva kugara dzakawanda kuchinja mune hurumende. In yose, hondo yakatora kwemakore anopfuura 100. - kubvira 133 kusvika 31 BC. e.

prerequisites

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera yevagari muhondo muRoma? By Pakupera 2nd remakore BC. e. Gay Mary akanga zvinhu hondo. Miduku yokuruwa rakaparadzwa, uye saka yakatarwa mauto ari pfuma zvinodiwa zvakanga zvisingaiti. Saka, hondo akatsvaka murombo. Zvino mauto vakashumira chete mari uye vasina mamwe manyuko mari.

Kamwe kukunda akanga akunda pamusoro Teutons uye Cimbri, muRoma kwakanga kusina zvakakomba vavengi kwemakumi emakore. Panguva iyoyo mukati Republic of zvinowedzerwa kuzvipokanidza. Zviri ivo - zvinokonzera yevagari hondo muRoma. Vakapedza pakagadzwa umambo nokuchengetedzwa vamwe masangano nenyika.

Kutanga hondo veRoma akasvika pakupera 90-ies. Yokutanga wavo ainzi omubatanidzwa. hondo iyi yevagari yakarwiwa muRoma Italian vatsigiri achirwa nezviremera. Kumisa rinopikisa hurumende akamanikidzwa kusangana vapanduki. Somugumisiro, vokuItaly vatsigiri vakagamuchira mugari weRoma. Zvisinei, pashure muhondo iyi zvinenge pakarepo akateverwa inotevera. A itsva hondo yevagari muRoma dzakatevera pakati revatongi bato, chine musoro Musandu, uye Democrats, mutungamiriri chakanga Gay Mary.

mushakabvu Republic

Vakawanda hondo muRoma, achiperekedzwa chaiwo ropa uye udzvanyiriri yapera. Izvi zvakanga, somuenzaniso, Gracchi hama Standoff uye kwamachinda. Mugore 133 paiva skirmish panguva Capitol. Nokufamba kwayo wavarwi kwaTibheriasi Sempronius Gracchus uye 300 grakhiantsev akawira zvakananga panguva comitia mumaoko vakuru uye vatsigiri dzaivatsigira.

Zvichitevera kudhumhana kwakaitika mugore 121. Tribune vanhu Gayo Sempronius Gracchus uye vanenge 3000 grakhiantsev vakakundwa panguva kurwisa mauto Aventine, akakurudzira Seneti. Muteveri Gracchus, Lucius Appuleius Saturninus, mugore 100 akawira kubva pamaoko optimates iri storming Washington. Zvichitevera kudhumhana kwakaitika makore 91-88 BC. e. Raiva War Social, usina pamutemo vaiona ndokuendeswa, sezvo vokuItaly haana citizenship.

Marian uye sullantsy

Hondo muRoma, pakati vatsigiri Gaya Mariya uye Musandu kwakaitika mumakore 88-87. Somugumisiro rokutanga hondo vakatiza. Zvisinei, pashure penguva, kwave kune hondo itsva yevagari muRoma, pamwe nekupinda of Marian. Saka mumakore 87-83 paiva nevapanduki. Marian, kupora kubva rapfuura kukundwa, vakabata simba. Muna '87 paiva kuedza kubvuta masimba Mumiriri Lucius Cornelius Cinna. Zvisinei, kupandukira woutsinye Gnaeus Octavius. Somugumisiro, Cinna akamanikidzwa kutiza.

Mugore iroro-gore 87 kudzoka Mari uye besieges Rome. Pakarepo akabatana Quintus Sertorius uye Cinna. Panguva ino denda rakatanga muRoma. Seneti hondo, Pompey baba ava kufa, uye simba yaachazopa. Mushure Octavia akaurayiwa, uye Mariya Cinna Mumiriri muna 86th gore. Second ari kuedza kuunza kundorwa Musandu, asi akaurayiwa panguva mutiny muna Ancone. Kunyange zvakadaro, hondo itsva yakanga chisingadzivisiki.

Events makore 83-77

Hondo rakatevera kwakaitika pakati sullantsami uye Marian muna '83 Mari akafa, uye Musandu akakwanisa rwugare Rome. Saka muna '82 yandakagadza udzvinyiriri.

Zvichitevera yokurega uye rufu Musandu zvakatanga zvikuru kusagadzikana nguva. Panguva payo, paiva kurwisana wandei. Saka mumakore 80-72 pakava refu hondo pakati sullantsami uye Quintus Sertorius (Marian). Kukunda chaiva weSeneti (sullantsami). Muna '77 paiva hondo pfupi - kupanduka Lepidus. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti akanga asiri pamutemo Marian. The kurwisana yakaguma kukunda pamusoro sullantsev.

Third vamanikidzwe War

Zvino 74 / 73-71 makore. kunetsana uku wava mumwe kupfuura munguva yomunyika kuzvipokanidza. The mukumukira aisanganisira varanda, mutungamiriri chakanga Spartacus. Ndakahwina Rome hondo. Muna 74 kana 73, muna kuCapua, ari yechikoro yechisimba, vakarangana akasimuka. vaigona kupukunyuka 78 chete vapanduki 200, kusanganisira Spartak.

VeGladiators vaitova, nyanzvi zvechiuto. Ivo vakarwa kuti rufu pamberi pevateereri munhandare. yechisimba ruzivo dzaiva inokosha chaizvo twa. The wehondo aivatarisira uye akaita zvose zvaanogona kuti kudzivisa kurasikirwa varanda vavo. Vazhinji varwi akadaro akagadzirira rusununguko. Zvisinei, havasi chikoro panzira, uye akagara navo sevadzidzisi rudiariev. ruzivo yechisimba zhinji vaiva kudzivirirwa vakakwirira uye muchirongwa hondo pakati mapato uye mapati, kwete chete muRoma asiwo mune mamwe maguta wokuItaly.

Spartacus uye ake mamwe masoja, izvo kunyanya vakamira panze Oenomaus uye Crixus, yakasarudza kuumba uto simba. Vaida kurwa pamusoro zvakaenzana usakurirwe eRoma. Munhau hapana mhinduro chaiyo kune mubvunzo wokuti Spartak akanga aronga kuunza vapanduki kubva munharaunda Italy, apo iye nehondo yake kuti kuita kuti chero utsinye mamiriro basa. Zvichida akanga kuenda kubvuta simba muRoma, achitsigirwa rokuItari miduku yokuruwa uye akasunungura nhapwa, saka kuzadzika zvinangwa vakakundikana kuti pave vokuItaly munguva yeHondo Social. Mumakore 63-62 paiva amukire Catiline. Zano wawanikwa, akakurumidza akasunda kuburikidza nemasimba kuti vaitsigira weSeneti uye zvokuvhoterwa.

Tsezariantsy uye Pompeians: tafura

hondo veHurumende muRoma paitonga Kesari uye pashure kupondwa ake akanga chisimba chaizvo. Zvinotevera hondo huru.

Hondo pakati tsezariantsami

Mumakore 41-40 kwakanga perusine hondo. Rakanga wakapindwa Mark Antony uye Octavian. Hondo yakaguma kuyananiswa rinopikisa vemapato. Hondo yokupedzisira pakati weRoma Republic akanga akatakurwa mumakore 32-30. Raisanganisira Octavian uye Mark Antony zvakare. Muhondo iyi, wechipiri yakakundwa.