How mapfupa zhinji vari munhu?

Zvechokwadi, vakawanda nokusingaperi nezvazvo mapfupa vangani muvanhu. Akafanirwa kune vazhinji mapfupa vanhu vanoita panzvimbo yakaoma munwe kumonyanisa maoko akapeta uye anombotwasanudza muviri wake, uye kuti mapfupa kudzivirira zvomukati pakuona kunze. achangoberekwa marangwanda ine mapfupa anopfuura mazana matatu. Zvisinei, sezvo munhu achikura, vamwe mapfupa fiyuzi pamwechete, saizvozvo muviri akura ane nhamba mapfupa anenge 206-208. Strange sezvo zvinganzwika, asi kutaura chaizvo pfupa zvikuru munhu hazvibviri.

Kana munhu anoberekerwa, mapfupa ake vari nyoro, zvisinei, vanova kusimba uye vamwe vavo zvikure pamwe pamusoro nguva. Somuenzaniso, mwana ari dehenya dzinonzi fontanelles - nzvimbo pane connective rinenge riri vakabva kunotsiviwa pfupa tishu. Gare gare gwapa fontanelle mapfupa zvikure pamwe, uye nzvimbo iyi anova dzisinganyatsooneki. About zvakadini pfupa munhu, mashoko akasiyana-siyana zvinoratidza mashoko akasiyana, asi tinogona kutaura kuti avo mazana anopfuura maviri.

dzimwe nguva pamusoro mwero pokuoma mapfupa evanhu anofananidzwa simbi, asi ivo vari nyore nokuda kwayo porous marongerwo. Pfupa rinenge aumba kubva masero uye intercellular nenhumbi kuti akapfuma chicherwa zvinoriumba. Kunze pfupa rimwe nerimwe riri nokufukidzwa periosteum, izvo zvinozoita iri zvapararira ne tsinga yakawanda kupa mafupa. Sechivako mapfupa evanhu akadaro kuti vanotoda vasingakendengi etsinga harinzwi zvinowanikwa chete periosteum. Pauduku, zvakanakira pfupa makemikari nyaya vasiyana mapfupa elasticity uye kusimba. In vanhu vakwegura, kunyanya vakwegura, kuwanda kwezvinhu inorganic zvinhu kunokonzera mapfupa haungatani kuputsika.

Bone mamiriro, uyewo avo chimiro zvakasiyana. In muviri pane sandara pfupa, tubular kana zvakavhenganiswa, uyewo mapfupa pneumatic. By mapfupa tubular unogamuchirwa kuna refu (femur uye humerus, tibia mapfupa ari honokono) uye pfupi (metatarsal mapfupa, pastern, phalanges). Zvakazorodza pfupa, uyewo avo chimiro iri zvakananga novimba nzira kuda kwachiri tsandanyama tishu. Kana tsandanyama chokuita pfupa rinenge achishandisa nemarunda vakaumba muhomba protuberance kana manda iri Junction. Kana tsandanyama anoenda zvakananga periosteum, mu situ kuumbwa paburi kubatana.

Inside pfupa, iri mumasero chirambe chakapfava fuma uye medullary mhango, mwongo iri. Vachangoberekwa, mapfupa ose marangwanda rine tsvuku mumwongo iri kudzivirira uye hematopoietic ushande. Chaiwo richikurukura reticular fibers uye masero. In vakuru, tsvuku mwongo maingova sero chirambe chakapfava mapfupa sandarara. In mumwongo in mapfupa refu riri tsvuku nemwongo yawo, izvo chinomirirwa degeneration of reticular stroma pamwe mafuta inclusions.

Panonyanyisa bvupa mumuviri womunhu ndiye ari femur. Zviri zvakaoma kurega, asi pakakuvara mapfupa kunogona zvikuru zvakakomba. Next kuti femur tsinga iri, kana kukuvara iyo munhu anogona kurasikirwa yakawanda ropa.

Sei ari munhu mapfupa mazhinji, munoti, chokwadi, zvakaoma. vanhu siyana vane uwandu pfupa vakacherechedza zvakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, pane mamwe mbabvu, uye mumwe ikoko, uye wechitanhatu munwe. About mumwe munhu kubva makumi maviri ane akawedzera pamupendero kuti unofadza - pamberi zvakawandisa munhurume rumbabvu zvinonyanya akakurumbira kupfuura zvakanaka pabonde. Vamwe vanhu vane mapfupa akawanda okuwedzera riri kwedenga norutsoka.