Interesting chokuita China. Nhoroondo China. The zvinofadza zvikuru chinhu pamusoro China

Asian tsika nemagariro agara anokwezvwa vanhu vanobva pasi pose. Paucheche yebudiriro, iyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo Zvitendero zvenyika, gastronomic muparadhiso - izvi zvose zvinogona kutaurwa chero nyika iri rutivi rwenyika. Uye kunyanya pamusoro China. Rakaitwa zvakawanwa zhinji, pasina nyika ano taitsvaka zvakasiyana chaizvo. Pano, mumwe nomumwe vanodada tsika dzayo uye nhoroondo. Vakawanda zvikuru Dynasties, hondo uye mhirizhonga, ichi mamiriro simba akakwanisa kukunda zvinetso zvose uye kutora imwe huru nzvimbo dzinoitwa dzakawanda chinosiririsa. Chete zvinofadza zvikuru chinhu pamusoro China, tsika, tsika uye vanhu venyika ino - the kuenderera nyaya.

mutauro

Chinese ari kuzivikanwa kwayo kunzwisisa. Kumutorwa anoda chero nzira kutaura zvakajeka pamusoro payo, kuti inopfuura gore kushanda zvakaoma. Heano zvinhu mutauro uyu sokuti anofadza kune vokuEurope:

• Mutauro Russian kwakakurumbira okuti "Chinese dambanemazwi", uye navamwe vane neShanduro. Somuenzaniso, muna Chirungu unonakidza akaita 'Hazvina Greek kwandiri'. Mune vamwe, zviri zvakasiyana. German kurehwa kuoma Spanish, Romanian - Turkish uye Chinese anomira panze tikafunga uchiteterera mutauro shiri.
• Pakati Chinese uye Vietnamese vagari vari vanhu vakawanda kudaro vane nenamo vakakwana. Ndechipi chikonzero? The ndechokuti izvi zviviri mutauro wakafanana neShona, izvo zvinoreva kuti shoko rinogona siyana zvichienderana sei iwe kureva izvozvo. Sezvo Vietnamese uye Chinese anoshandiswa kubva pauduku, ipapo kunzwa zvakanaka yakatanga.
• zita China "rmb" Currency rinoreva "kumativi yesimbi". Chaienzanirana pfungwa nemaitiro "akatamira" mune Korean uye Japanese, apo zita mari zvakachinja pamusoro "Won" uye "Yen", ukuwo.
• Chii dzinonakidza China kuvatorwa, saka ndiko kusawirirana kwavo tsika. Somuenzaniso, muna 1928, apo munhu aizivikanwa pose, "Coca-cola" akazviratidza pamusoro Chinese pamusika, vamwe Entrepreneurs vakasarudza kushandura zita chinonwiwa. Tichishandisa nokuti ichi vatambi vari vachiridza zvikuru se "Coca-cola", vakakanganwa kuti vatarisire shanduro mupfungwa. Zvinoguma zita iri Russian rinogona kushandurudzwa se "kuruma wakisi tadpole." Rebranding Chokwadi, zvinoshamisa, asi telemarketers vakasarudza kugadzirisa zita uye akarurama vakachinja kuti "co-oo-ko-le," izvo zvinoreva kuti "muromo uzere nomufaro."

gastronomy

Nepo yose Europe anodya zvavaisiita Forogo, Banga Nechipunu, Chinese takatendeka patsika dzaro, kuramba kushandisa chopusitiki. Sezvo vagari arambe achirema pano kwazvo zvose zvinogoneka mwero, zvakakodzera kuchinja, vachishandisa zvose zvinobvira uye hazviiti zvinogadzirwa kuti dzimwe nguva ini katyamadza vashanyi. Saka, vashoma zvinonakidza chokuita China uye gastronomic Zvinosarudzwa vomumuzinda yaro:

• vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti upfumi makeke, izvo vakawanda vanoziva sezvinoita Chinese, chokwadi, vokuJapan! Zvikurukuru dzakakurumbira ndiye US, paakange nevaye vatama vachibva Japan, nokukwereta imwe pfungwa mutemberi dzavo. Nhema pamusoro Cookies kuoneka, zvichida panguva Second World War, mumisasa yevasungwa apo Japanese America akawana pachavo uye ipapo akapa Chinese tsika yake.
• Fastidiousness vagari China havasi zvakasiyana. Zvokudya pano angapikisana zvinenge chinhu. Zvisinei, izvozvo hazvirevi kuita pasina kwazvo chaizvo tsika. The guta Dunja Somuenzaniso, pane tsika - kubika mazai ari weti vaduku. Dish, saka kujairika nokuda West, anogona kugadzirira kusvika rimwe zuva, uye, zvichipomerwa vagari hwema yechirimo.
• Cooking munyika ino yasvika uye makarwe. Kwete chete ndiyo bhegi kwavari kuita, saka vachiri kumanikidzwa kuti vachengete imba, uye ipapo kudya. Sezvo gourmets vemo vanoda garwe nyama, kuti vari kushingaira mubasa iri hove nezvinokambaira. Sezvo huru garwe hove hakusi nyore kubata navo kunyanya vechiduku uye dzakakodzwa, kuhuchengetedza pamusuo weimba, izvo zvinoita mhuka rinoratidza murindi kuchengeteka. Asi zvinosuruvarisa njodzi Gwaro hakuiti kuzeza kubva garwe, uye kana wasvika zvandinenge kureba muswe, anova kwemanheru omnivorous Chinese.
• Muto "Achaparadza kuti Nest", pasinei zita raro, hapana chokuita shiri idzi havana. Uye vanozviita kwete nokuda shiri, uye kushandisa dendere pakati swifts, vakaitwa kubva mate.

A zvishoma ane richikwidibira

Achitaura dzinonakidza chokwadi pamusoro China, tisingatauri ukama vagere nyika yokuAsia rufu uye kunyanya mashura.

• Sezvo munyika dzakawanda zvinonzi vaiona ane rombo rakaipa nhamba 13, uye hapana kunyange zita iri kutya, sezvo mune dzimwe nyika kumabvazuva kutya kuwanda 4. Sei? Just mu vokuJapan, Korean uye Chinese nhamba 4 pamusoro kurira afanane shoko "rufu." Pane rinowanzoshandiswa kushayikwa kunyange uriri, izvo nhamba vachipedzisira 4.
• In China, pane tsika kupisa mari Paper kupendwa pamariro. Apo rine nemidzi yawo? The ndechokuti Chinese kuona pashure porufu sezvo nzvimbo mweya kugara. Kamwe muhero, vakafa pfumbamuromo kuna gavhuna, kuzorangwa. Saka, vanhu vanouya kuna mariro, vakapiswa yakavhomorwa manotsi kuti "kuratidza" mudzimu wemufi. Kazhinji vanoratidzwa chinyakare vatambi, zvakadai sezibukanana. Kunyange mumakore achangopfuura, uye munhu anogona kazhinji kuwana mifananidzo unhu vakakurumbira. Kazhinji kune Marilyn Monroe uye Einstein.

Muchidimbu pamusoro China. Interesting zvinhu nokuti vana

• Masayendisiti akawanda vanodavira kuti chinese civilization - mukuru munyika. Uye zvakakodzera kudaro! Kune tsika Zvivako kuti ndeyemunguva 6 remakore BC. e.
• Pasinei chokwadi kuti nharaunda wehurumende iri rakakura, ndiyo imwe chete nguva mapazi.
• Zviri pano kuti tishu yagadzirwa muna 1300. Zvisinei, pakutanga izvozvo aibvumirwa kushandisa chete nhengo dzemhuri youmambo.
• China musha kwete chete tishu, asi nemarudzi mazhinji emichero nemaruva, izvo nhasi vari kupararira munyika yose.
• Pose muRussia dzinovaraidza muri katsi nembwa muna China, basa iri kuteererwa crickets. Vana kunyange kuronga kurwa tumbuyu izvi.
• Kuudza zvinofadza zvine chokuita China, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chinonyanya akakurumbira chitandadzo pakati Chinese - nayo philately.
• Chema pano riri kuonekwa kuti chena, kwete rikasviba munyika dzose European.
• China akafanira kurumbidzwa, uye nokuda michina yacho aizikirimu, kuti tikundikane iro vakasvika Europe tichibatsirwa Marco Polo.
• Suspension mabhiriji, kufanana nevamwe vakawanda, kusanganisira chinongedzo, kudhinda uye gunpowder, zvakare, akabva munyika Asian. Zvisinei, pano havana akaonekwa 25 BC. e., sezvo vakanga vari Europe makore 1,800 kwapera.
• Symbol kubudirira uye rombo rakanaka munyika ino - nechimuremwaremwa.
• Uye, chokwadi, tisingatauri mutambo chinokosha, izvo pano ndiye Year New.

Nhoroondo China. vamwe dzinonakidza

Interesting zvakaitika panguva paumbwe hurumende. To musi, ichi ndechimwe yakabudirira nyika, asi chii chinoshamisa zvaitika munzira dzaro inotungamirwa?

• Chiitiko chinokosha yenhau pamusoro China, izvo nechirongwa pamusoro payo, raiva kupambwa nezvipembenene! The Byzantine mambo Justinian ndakatuma mamongi vaviri vakanga kudzidza chakavanzika pakusika nesirika, akava nomukurumbira nokuti China ari 6th remakore. Vakakwanisa kutora navo silkworm mazana, iyo zvino zvinobudirira yakawira pamusoro mulberry pemiti. chiitiko ichi vakabatsira kubudirira Byzantium, asi China uye Persia nzvimbo Kusiyana neizvi, chakazunguzirwa.
• Nhoroondo ichangobva kuitwa China, zvakare, izere kujairika chokwadi. Somuenzaniso, risingazivikanwi Chinese murume akaonekwa ari mazita zvikuru vanhu remakore rechi20, uyo aiva magazini Time. Muna 1989 iri Beijing, paiva kuratidzwa, dzikavauraya anoverengeka zana vanhu. It vaizofa zvikuru kudai asiri murume akashinga, uyo akakwanisa ubate yavo mbiru matangi. Zvinosuruvarisa unhu hwake, zvisinei, sezvo chii chaiva pamusoro kwaari musi iwoyo, ichingori chakavanzika, kunyange zvazvo mufananidzo wake akadhindwa mapepanhau munyika.

China nderimwe mukuru dzomunyika munyika, usina asingasviki 5 zvemakore. Pane zvinyorwa kunyange zvichinzi, makore, rinosvika makore mamiriyoni 3.5. Vanochera matongo vanodavira kuti madzitateguru Chinese ano ndivo synanthropes, uyo akararama makore anenge zviuru 400 akapfuura.

Yokutanga chinese civilization

budiriro China ari neolithic nguva rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvikuru zviviri. Wokutanga rine Yangshao tsika (3-2 zviuru. BC. E.) waani kuvapo kunosimbiswa kuwanikwa zvedongo. Chechipiri - Longshan - kubva iyo munhu anogona kuona ndiro zhinji basa rakanaka kwazvo.

chigaro

Kwemazana emakore anoverengeka akapfuura pamusoro munharaunda China ano akazviratidza imba. The wokutanga izvi ndiwo Xia, muvambi chakanga Yu. Center youmambo yaiva Henan Province, kunyange zvazvo iri akatenda kuti simba rake kuratidzirwa dzimwe nharaunda. Nokufamba kwenguva, simba madzimambo akanga aderedzwa, uye namasimba wamambo akatanga kushandisa chete nhungamiro yomudzimu. A basa rinokosha panguva Xia hwedzinza vachiridza karenda kuti mireniyumu Papera, yakarohwa Confucius. Panongotanga madzimambo vakatanga kuregeredza mabasa avo yomudzimu, imba youmambo akaenda kuderera. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza, iye akaberekwa ari mutsva.

Modern nyika China hwakagadzwa uye pasi pokudzora Shang dzinza roumambo, izvo zvinosanganisira vatongi vanenge 30. It aibudisa totemism uye matriarchal mhando simba. More chinokosha kwainzi mwarikadzi pasi pane mwari kudenga. Ndima State yaiva panzvimbo yakakura chikamu China ano, uye yave rakakamurwa kumatunhu. A mumiririri neimwe yaifanira ichibuda mumuzinda mambo nezvipo kumukudza.

Next aiva Zhou hwedzinza kuti akakunda Shang vatongi. Zvadaro, uye ari mamiriro iri nharaunda rinenge rose Yellow River bheseni yakakamurwa kuva nhamba vamwe vari kuramba kukwikwidzana mumwe.

Chinese umambo

Munguva kubva 221 kusvika 207 BC. e. Zvino simba, iyo ainzi Qin youmambo, izvo akakwanisa ibatane zvakasiyana munzvimbo mugomba coherent rose. Ichi yakanaka nguva sei nharaunda yose ano mamiriro China. The dzinonakidza zvikuru chinhu kuitika pamwe maitiro uye kukura hwacho. The feudal hurongwa rakaparadzwa, uye zvekufambisa, nekusiyana, yakatanga. Panguva iyi, yakatanga upfumi, zvokutengeserana uye okurima kugadzirwa. Zvisinei chigaro yakatora makore chete 10, uye akafa, pamwe chete nomutongi yavo, pashure hurumende yakatanga kwepfumo munhu anotyisa kupandukira.

It yakatsiviwa Han youmambo, izvo chakaratidza nematambudziko uye hondo. Nokufamba kwenguva, madzimambo ari kurudyi uye vanhu awana mukurumbira chiConfucian. Asi gare gare vakauya simba sui imba, panguva iyo yakavakwa ne Grand Canal. Kunyange zvakadaro, anoramba hondo feuds vakavakidzana mapurovhinzi aneta papfuma.

Uchifunga zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro China, hatigoni kukuudza pamusoro ari Tang youmambo, iro akakwanisa kusimbisa hama runyararo uye kutsiga munyika. Panguva iyi, chinokosha rikabudirira tsika uye nounyanzvi. Izvi wakabatwa vachengeti vazhinji vatongi imba youmambo. Raiva simba mamiriro, iyo kushingaira kukura kwete chete unyanzvi, asi sayenzi nechitendero. Zvisinei, vatongi kugona kutarisira hondo uye nokukurumidza nokuti kugara kumukira akapidigura imba. Vanoverengeka Dynasties vaiva nesimba mundima, kusanganisira Yuan, Ming uye Qing.

nhoroondo ano

An nguva inokosha kukura ehurumende yakanga remakore rechi18, apo kunyanya yakatanga noukama dzakawanda, uye vokuEurope zhinji vaizova zvinonakidza kuziva pamusoro China, tsika dzayo uye vanhu, nekuti ndipo unogona kutenga chakanakisisa nesirika, porcelain uye zvimwe zvinhu zvizhinji. Papera chinguva paiva hondo pamwe Japan, izvo zvakazoita akarasika China Taiwan, Korea, uye Pescadores. Last Qing chigaro akawira muna 1911, uye papera gore hurumende akazivisa yepamutemo zvokuvhoterwa. Gare gare, Beijing vakazivisa nyika guru.

Muna 1917, China anopinda Hondo Yenyika Rokutanga, achida kudzosa nyika kutorwa Japan. Asi rutsigiro kubva batana nyika, haana kuwana. Zvadaro "Zvinoita sokuti" pakati ehurumende ndiwo Communist Party uye mumwe vatungamiriri aro nyasha Mao Tszedun, mumwe dzepamusorosoro vatungamiri nguva dzose, akaita zvakawanda nokuchinja kwehurumende. Dissociation wenyika yacho vakanga vachiedza kubvisa dzinotevedzana vatongi, asi hazvina zvazvakabatsira. Kubvira ipapo, China kwapfuura yevagari uye Hondo yokuKorea muna mamiriro kwave zvinhu zvakawanda, uye upfumi rakadzorerwa.

zvabuda

Paucheche yebudiriro - zviri zvachose China. Interesting zvinhu nokuti vana nevakuru, uyewo pfupi digression, dzakanga kukurukurwa kumusoro, kupa chete zvikapera pfungwa sei zvakawanda nezvahunoita State ichi aiva yose kare uye anoramba kusvikira ikozvino. Izvi hazvisi kuitwa yakawanda anobatsira zvakawanwa vakaberekwa chitendero, Zvaifadza budiriro uye tsika akapona emakore. Interesting nzvimbo China, iyo zvikuru akakurumbira - zviri Wall, rimwe gore anokwezva vashanyi vakawanda uye nokuda kwechikonzero chakanaka. Vanhu vanogara twakawandawanda husinganzwisisiki, zvekare uye makuru dzomunyika. Interesting chokuita China vari chete keyhole pamukova, shure iyo yakavanzika imwe nyika yakasiyana kubva European, asi izvozvo anoyevedza uye azere zvakavanzika.