Lime powder: kushanda mumunda, mumunda

Kuwana kukohwa kwakanaka mubindu kana mubindu, hazvina kukwana kudyara mbeu uye kudyara michero kana mbeu. Zvose minda uye ivhu riri pasi pavo zvinoda kupiwa zvakanaka. Vane ruzivo rwevarimi nevarimi vemarori kuti vafudze ivhu kana kuti chinangwa chekudzivirira zvipembenene pamwe nedzimwe nzira zvinoshandisa maitiro akasiyana-siyana emakemikari. Chimwe chezvakakurumbira ndeyechimusiya. Mumunda uye munda kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakodzera kushandisa chigadzirwa ichi.

Chii chinonzi lime puschka? Zvinogona sei kubatsira mukugadzirisa kukura kwezvirimwa zvemunda neyemunda? Ndezvipi zvinhu zvekushandiswa kwayo? Ngatiedzei kuverenga izvi munyaya ino.

Chii chinonzi lime puschka?

Nokuda kwebindu nebindu rekicheni umo varidzi vanoita basa rekurima, kushandiswa kwe calcium lime (chinhu chezvisikwa zvakabva), iyo yakakamurwa kuva mhando mbiri:

• (CaO) rinokurumidza;
• (Ca (OH) 2) yakabatwa nekasi.

Zvose zviri zviviri dzakachengeteka kuvanhu uye nemiti (zvichienderana nekushandiswa nekugadzirisa kushanda).

Calcium lime inoshandiswa sechinhu chinowedzera muzvigadzirwa zvezvokudya (kuisa E-529). Icho chigadzirwa chekugadzirwa kwechiki, limestone nemamwe emaminera eboka re carbonate. Kunze pari poda yakachena, kupera mumvura. Iko dombo guru-inogadzirisa zvinhu ndeye dolomite uye calcite.

Lime powder: kushandiswa

Zvinhu izvi zvinonyatsozivikanwa semashandisi anobatsira ekudyisa munda neyemunda wezvirimwa. Iyo inoshandiswa zvikuru mumunda wekukura (munda) uye mumapurazi ega.

Vose vari voga uye sezvikamu zveiyo, zvinoshandiswa kurapa zvinomera kuti zvidzivirire kubva kumapembenene uye kurwisa zvirwere, nekuvandudza kunaka kwevhu.

Chii chinonzi "quenching lime" chinorevei?

Pushonka iri bhandi , iyo inowanikwa nyore nyore kumba kubva kune yakakurumidza quicklime.

Kugadziriswa kwegadziriro inopindirana pakati pehuputi hwema calcareous nemvura, nguva iyo inenge maminetsi mashoma. Munguva yekubatana kwezvikamu izvi, rudzi rwe "kusungunuka" kwemaarimu rinoitika - kuigadzirisa iyo mupepe yakanakisisa yekushandiswa uye yakachengeteka kuti michero inorapwa. Muchiitiko ichi, mumwe anofanirwa kufunga nezvehuyu nuance: paunenge uita bhute, iwe haugoni kushandisa mvura inopisa, sezvo kutonhora kwakanyanya kwemvura kunobatsira kusagadzirisa zvinhu zvinobatsira zvechigadzirwa.

Pamusoro pezvinhu zvekushandiswa uye kushandiswa kwemuti wegindu uye munda

Maererano naVishnyakov's classification, lime ine zvinhu zvakadai se calcium, potasium uye magnesium. Mhando ye potassium inonzi oxide, inoshandiswa nyore nyore nemiti. Chikamu chikuru chemaketone ndiyo calcium.

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti miti yakawanda haibvumiri kuwandisa kwemakisikiti. Kunyange zvakadaro, inonyanya kukosha muhupenyu hwehutano hunoitika muzvisikwa zvinomera. Kuvapo kwe calcium muvhu kunokosha: iyo inochengetedza hydrogen ions, iyo inobatsira pakupa chimiro chakanaka chekuita kwemasvikiro.

Mabasa e calcium:

• Inodzivirira michero yemagariro kubva kune zvirwere, inosimbisa hutachiona hwavo;
• Inobatanidzwa basa rekushonga mabhakitiriya anochengetedza nitrogen muvhu, achiuya kumidzi kubva kumhepo panguva yekudzima, iyo inovandudza hutano hwezvokudya zvinomera, inowedzera kupikisa kwavo kune zvakasiyana siyana zvinokuvadza;
• Inovandudza kutakura kwe-carbohydrates mu tishu;
• Inofanirwa kupererwa kwakanaka kwezvinhu mumvura;
• Inokonzera kukura kwepamusoro uye kushingaira kwemuitiro.

Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nehute zvinokonzerwa nemiti yekudya.

Panyaya iyi, zvinokosha ndeyeiyo yakagadzirwa nepussy, kushandiswa kwayo mumunda kunotsanangurwa munyaya yacho, kana composting ichiumbwa. Calcium inogadzirisa iyo inoita basa rezvinyorwa zvinobatsira zvinosunungura nitrogen kubva kune zvinhu zvakasikwa uye kuideredza. Mukuwedzera, inobatsira kukurumidza kuparara kwezvinhu zvakasikwa uye kuumbwa kwe humus.

Iko kukwanisa kuderedza asidi yevhu ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zvakasikwa iyo lime. Kushandiswa kwaro mubindu nemunda wezvirimwa zvinopa kwete kwete chete kugadzirisa zvinoitwa nehupamhi hwevhu, asiwo kugadzirisa makemikari ayo. Icho hachibvumi nemigumisiro yesimbi inopisa - manganese, iron uye aluminium.

Murima bhinzi, kushanda mubindu, uyewo mumunda wekugadzirisa kwemaikemikisi yenyika inozivikanwa kune vose vemirimi, zvinoita kuti zvive nehutano nehutano hwevhu, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanyanya uye zvisingasunungurwi.

Kakawanda kangani kukwereta?

Lime inoshandiswa zvakasimba mukurima kune zvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Iko chaiyo yeiyi ndeyekusagadzikana kwe acidity yevhu. Nokuda kweiyi nzira, chimiro inoshandiswa. Kushanda mubindu (chiyero chekushandiswa chinoratidzwa pasi apa) chinoitika nekuchengetedza mazwi akadaro:

• Kazhinji kuregera kunowanikwa kamwe chete makore mana kusvika ku5;
• Pavhu rakave rakashandiswa zvakanyanya - kamwe mumakore matatu.

Nzira yekuziva sei kuwedzera asidi yevhu?

Kuti uone kuwanda kwe "kushungurudza" kwemabhedha (kuwedzerwa asidi yevhu), zvakakodzera kubhadhara kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvekunze izvo nyika "inoratidza" nezvekushanduka kwekemikemikari yayo:

• Kuonekwa kwemavara matsvuku pamakona enyika;
• Kukura kwemabhiza ehova uye gavakava, clover, ledum, heather, sorrel, chena, zvinokambaira buttercup.

Kuvapo kwevashanyi vasingazivikanwi munharaunda yenyika chiratidzo chokuti rinhi rinodikanwa pano, kushanda mubindu kunogadzirwa maererano nezvakaiswa musero.

Mukuwedzera, chiratidzo chechimiro che acidity ndechekuti:

• Icho chakachena, sechando chakasara chiri pamusoro;
• Urombo hwakakura hwebeet, gorosi.

Sarudza kuwedzera kweA acidity inokwanisika kushandisa mapikisi emapurisa anotengesa mune zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro.

Sei uchirwa ne acidity yevhu?

Acidic pasi iparadhiso yepathogenic mabhakitiriya uye fungi. Mishonga inobatsira muvhu yakaoma inomiririrwa musingakwanisi.

Pamuti we acidic kazhinji inokura zvizhinji zvemasora. Mhando dzetsika haidzidzi midzi mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro. Midzi yavo ine simba inokura, iyo inowanzotungamirira kurufu rwezvirimwa.

Nhamba yepamusoro yepH inoratidza kuwedzera kwemahydrogen ions munyika. Apo manyowa anoshandiswa, hydrogen inopindirana navo, iyo inoshandura kuumbwa kwayo, ichiita kuti isabatsire kumiti. Kutakura ivhu rinokonzera muvhu kana muvhu kunobatsira kuderedza huwandu hwema manganese uye aluminium. Magnesium, nitrogen, molybdenum, phosphorus, calcium ichaiswa mumutengo unoda.

Nzira dzekuisa chika muvhu

Kuti kuvandudzire zvibereko, bhidhiyo yemuputi inofanira kushandiswa zvakanaka. Kushanda mubindu, miyero inofanira kutevera zviyero izvi zvekushanda:

• Denga rakaoma, ivhu: 450-800 g / square. M;
• Mwenje yechiedza, loam, alumina: 350-600 g / m2. M;
• Denga rakanyanya kuderera, guruva: 250-500 g / sq. M.

Zvakawanda zvekushandiswa kwemahurumende zvinokuvadza kumiti. Dhongi guru realkaline rinotungamirira kuderedza kudyara kwezvirimwa zvezvizhinji zvezvinhu zvinokosha zvinotevera, kunyanya calcium. Kune rumwe rutivi, unhu hwakashata hwekucheka hunogona kukonzerwa nekuiswa kweiyo muvhu panguva imwechete semuriwo. Izvi zvinotungamirira pakuumbwa kwe-insoluble compounds, izvo zvisingabatsiri kumiti. Mbeu dzezvirimwa dzinotanga kusakosha mishonga inodiwa uye hazvipi kupa kukohwa kwakanaka.

Ko rakasikwa sei muvhu?

Inokurudzirwa kudzima chika nyore nyore. Kuti uite izvi, inenge yakava mupfu uye yakasvibiswa nemvura. Lime yakabikwa yakasungwa yakasanganiswa nenyika.

Ndeipi kuti uite maitiro?

Mukati yekupedzisira, iyo yakasvibiswa (kushandiswa mubindu rinorondedzerwa munyaya yacho) inotanga muvhu panguva yekuchera kuitira kuti itadze.

Kubvumira kugadzira (kukuma) kwevhu kunonyanya kuwedzerwa, kunyanya apo kugadzirira kudyara miriwo yekutanga. Inofanira kutanga iko pakarepo mushure mekukohwa uye kubvisa masara emidzi uye mashizha. Panzvimbo, senzoro inoparadzaniswa zvakafanana. Miti yevhu nevhuzha inofanira kushandurwa nenzira yakanyanya kuti sprayed top layer yakadzika pasi, uye pasi rakagadzirwa riri pamusoro. Muchikwata hazvikurudzirwi kuputsa mashizha uye kuenzana nepamusoro-saka unyoro pasi pano huri nani kuchengetedzwa.

Iko kushandiswa kukuru kunoitwa kusvika pakadzika kwe 22-30 cm, nokuda kwezvirimwa zvinomera zveperennial - 35-40 cm.

Nzvimbo dzine ruvara rwakadzika runyoro dzinoda kuvhara pasi pekushanda pamwe chete nekushandiswa kweiyo nemafuta ehuini:

• Pakuchera kwevhu rakaorera, uye podzol (pasi pevhu) kusununguka kusvika pakadzika 1-2 cm;
• Icho chiri kuwedzera lime (150 g / m2);
• Iyo yakasunungurwa yakasanganiswa yakavhenganiswa nevhu rakaorera;
• Organic fertilizers inotangwa (8-10 kg / sq. M.);
• Nzira yacho yakafukidzwa nepamusoro pevhu.

Kuita gore negore kunosunungura uye kufungisa ivhu kunokurudzira kuwedzera mumvura inobereka fertile.

Kuziva vatenzi vanokoshesa lime puschka. Kushanda mubindu munguva yechinyakare kunogonawo. Inotanga muvhu mune zviduku zvekuchera zviri nyore, kunyanya kune zvirimwa izvo zvinonyanya kugadzirisa asidi yevhu: anyanisi uye garlic, lettuce, masardard, turnip, radish, kabichi. Iyo nzira inoitwa kwevhiki imwe isati yatanga miche uye kudyara mbeu.

Muchirimo zvakakosha zvikuru kuchengetedza ivhu remhepo. Mushonga unotanga apo nyika ichiri mhepo, asi haisati yakanamatira kune foshoro, asi inogona kukwikwidzana mumakumbo maduku.

Pamusoro pekushandiswa kwechika pamwe nemumanyorera

Lime inogona kusanganiswa nehuwandu hwemumanyorera. Zvisinei, iwe unofanirwa kuchengetedza zvimwe zvipingamupinyi:

• Hazvikurudzirwi kusanganisa chaki, simbi guruva, lime, marl, lime, dolomite tuff;
• Nezvirimwa zvepanyama zvinobvumirwa kusanganisa chete calcium organics (pasi limestone).

Weed control

Kubudirira kunochengetedzwa pamasora ndiro chimiro chepussy. Kushandiswa kwemasora mumunda wezvirimwa kunonzwisisika, kana nzvimbo yacho yakaoma zvikuru ivhu. Iko inowanzokura hura-uswa, kufanana neMocrica. Iyo yakasimba kwazvo, saka zvakaoma kurwisana nayo nemagetsi zvinoreva (weeding). Nzira inobatsira yekurwisana nenyuchi ndeyokuita mamiriro asingagoneki emasora. Nokuda kweizvi, kana uchichera mukutenga, choko, madhishi kana raimu inofanira kuiswa muvhu. Nekuderera mu acidid yevhu, mocrica ichapera.

Kushandiswa kwesimbi (200 g / m2) kunouraya vazhinji masora, kusanganisira wheatgrass uye horsetail.

Pakurwisana ne wireworm

IWorworm (chirongo chebhota-click) ndicho chinonyanya kukanganisa chirwere chebindu. Kurwisana kunosanganisira kubvumirwa kusanganiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana pamwe chete nemiganho yekudzivirira. Kubvisa muenzi uyu asingafadzi kuchavandudza zvakanyanya kunaka kwezvirimwa mbeu: beet, karoti, radish, mbatata. Kusava nehanya nekuvapo kwake panzvimbo iyi kunogona kutungamirira mukurasikirwa kwakakwana kwezvirimwa.

Chinhu chakanaka chekupararira kwemapuranga e wireworm ndiko kuwedzera acidity yevhu. Kuderedza mu aciditi kunotungamirira kukuti vakadzi vanorega kuisa mazai munzvimbo yakadai, uye mune ramangwana izvi zvicharamba nzvimbo yacho kubva pakudyiwa.

Imwe nzira inobatsira yei iyi inonzi lime pusher. Kushandiswa kwe wireworm mubindu remiriwo kunopa kuiswa kwechidiki (0.5 kg / sq. M.) Muvhu, kunwisa, kucherazve shure kwemazuva mashomanana nekudzorerazve. Ashi inowedzerwawo (imwe yakasara kune imwe neimwe zvakanaka).

Kushanda muHotticulture

Pushenka inokosha mukurima. Iyo inoshandiswa zvose se deoxidizer yekunamatira ivhu, uye yemiti inonzi whitewashing uye shrub.

Whitewashing inzira inoshandiswa uye isingadhuri yekudzivirira miti kubva kuzvidzvara.

Mucheno mutsvuku unodzivirira matanda kubva pakupisa kwezuva, pamwe nekubva kumakungu anokwidzika anowanikwa munguva yechando muvhu. Miti inogara ichirapwa nguva dzose yegore neguruva haisi vatakuri vezvipembenene.

Vazhinji vemizambiringa vanochenesa miti yechando. Kutora mudope ivhu nemucheno zvinobatsira kudzivirira chitunha chemuti kubva pakarepo kushanduka kuchinja. Mvura yemvura imwechete (mvura, chando) inoita kuti mvura yakachena isakwanika kudzivirira zvinopesana nezvinopisa uye kupisa kwezuva, kunyanya kune ngozi kune micheche duku. Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuvhara miti iyo mushure mezvose mumwaka.

Pamberi pemuchenwa, zvinenge zvakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa trunk - kubvisa kumusoro kwepamusoro yakasara ye cortex, mumasikirwo ayo mhondi uye zvipembenene zvevanhu vakuru zvinogona kubatwa. Iyo bark inofanira kupiswa. Mushure mokunge, muti wacho unorapwa negadziriro yakagadzirirwa.

Nzira yekusunungura dimi rekuchena kwegungwa?

Izvo zvikamu zvakanyatsosanganiswa:

• Clay (300 g);
• Mullein yakaoma (1 kg);
• Copper sulfate (200 g);
• Lime (1 kg);
• Mvura (10 L).

Mhinduro yacho yasara kuti irere. Iwe unogona kutanga kushandura miti pashure peawa 2-3. Chigutsiro chechiitiko chakanaka chinogona kuitika chete kana kamukira yakanyatsongororwa.

Kushandiswa kwekateti yemaimu yekuchera ivhu, pamwe chete nekudzivirira zvipembenene uye masora kunobatsira pakuwana unhu uye kukohwa kwakapfuma.