Mabhuku Zvikonzero: chinetso heroism

The akakurumbira mudetembi wokuAmerica uye munyori Eleanor Merry Sarton, aizivikanwa mamiriyoni vaverengi sezvo May Sarton ndezvaJehovha inogarotaurwa Mashoko: "Funga sezvinoita gamba - uye uchava vazvibate sezvinoita rakanaka munhu."

Zvakawanda zvakanyorwa nezvebasa heroism muupenyu hwevanhu. kunaka ichi, iro rine nhamba anoreva zvakafanana: ushingi, voumhare, ushingi, simba mutsika kunoratidzwa kutsigirana kwayo. Moral simba kunoita kuti kutevera chaiye, chaiwo pabasa Motherland, vanhu, vanhu. Chii dambudziko heroism kwechokwadi? Yaitaurwa anogona kushandisa zvakasiyana. Asi chikuru chinhu mavari: heroism kwechokwadi hakusi bofu. Mienzaniso siyana heroism haisi chete achikurira mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Vose vane chinhu chimwe chakafanana - kuunza hwevanhu pfungwa sezvazviri.

mabhuku akawanda inopenya dzenhoroondo, zvose Russian uye vatorwa, kutsvaka uye kuwana nhau kuti chidzoke pamusoro Chiitiko noumhare inopenya uye rakasiyana nyaya yacho. Chinetso heroism, sezvinei kwatiri, vaverengi, nokuvhenekerwa vatenzi ari mudanga dzinopenya, non-zvenhando. Rinokosha mumabasa avo kuti Classics kunyudza muverengi munyika gamba wakabvisirwa matunhu mabasa vayemurwe evanhu yomukati. The dingindira nyaya ino ndiko kuti humwe Classics, iyo akatsvaka chaizvo kutaura kuti nyaya heroism uye ushingi.

Heroes - yakatipoteredza

Nhasi, ari anodzvinyirira Pfungwa zvinosuruvarisa chitonge zvisiri pfungwa heroism. Modern vanhu vane musoro wake achinyatsotaurira matambudziko avo zvishoma nezvishoma munyika dzavo dzoudyire. Naizvozvo, avo kuziva zviri kuitwa zvinokosha yakachena uye duku nharo panyaya heroism. Nditende, takakomberedzwa magamba. Tichangobva havana hanya navo nekuda chokwadi kuti mweya yedu pfupi anoona zvakanaka. Kwete chete varume vanoita zvakapembererwa. Nyatsoongorora - mukadzi, kubudikidza mutongo vanachiremba, kukwanisa kubereka pfungwa - kuti asununguke. Heroism anogona kuitika uye kuratidza vomunguva dzedu panguva parutivi pomubhedha, patafura tambokurukura, kubasa uye kunyange mukicheni chitofu. Imi chete vanofanira kudzidza kuzviona.

Mabhuku mufananidzo waMwari, kufanana Tuning neforogo. Pasternak uye Bulgakov

Chibayiro chinosiyanisa heroism kwechokwadi. penya mabhuku Classics vakawanda vanoedza kuchinja vaverengi zvavanotenda, kukwidza yairova kunzwisisa musimboti heroism yakakwirira sezvinobvira. Ndivo mauto rokusika inonanga kuratidza vaverengi zvepamusoro nevatambi rake kurondedzerwa heroism yaMwari, mwanakomana womunhu.

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak "Doctor Zhivago", zvikuru kutendeseka basa vezera rake, anonyora pamusoro noumhare sezvo mukuru chiratidzo vanhu. Maererano munyori, kwete mhirizhonga, uye unhu hwakanaka dambudziko akazaruka heroism kwechokwadi. The nharo anoita muromo wake babamunini pamusoro protagonist, NN Vedenyapina. Iye anotenda kuti chikara wakaderera mune mumwe nomumwe wedu, kukwanisa kumisa tamer nechamboko. Asi ichi Hunoita muparidzi, nezvibayiro pachavo.

A Classic mabhuku Russian, mwanakomana mumwe purofesa wezvidzidzo zvechitendero, Mikhail Bulgakov kuti yokufungidzira "Tenzi uye Margarita" Rinotipa ake yepakutanga mabhuku kududzirwa mufananidzo kwaMesiya - Jesu Ha-. mharidzo yakanaka, Jesu akasvika vanhu - iri mubhizimisi ngozi. Shoko rechokwadi, hana, zvinopesana nenheyo vanhu, hwakazara rufu ataura kwavari. Kunyange akazova gavhuna weJudhiya, Pondiyo Pirato, uyo haana kuzeza, zviuye kubatsira Mark Ratslayer takapoteredzwa vokuGermany, kutya kuudza chokwadi (iyi, iye muchivande anobvumirana nemashoko maonero Ha-.) Rugare mesiya noushingi anotevera magumo ake, uye unyanzvi mukuru Roman trots. Bulgakov kuti kukakavara zvinogutsa. Chinetso heroism iye kunyatsotevera akarondedzera makemikari kubatana dzematongerwe, maonero, nezviito.

Yaitaurwa Genrika Senkevicha

The mufananidzo waJesu ari denderedzwa rechiedza ushingi ichibudira mumoyo yokufungidzira Genrika Senkevicha kuti "kwakabva Vadis." Bright ari Polish anodzidza chaiwo rinoreva kuti pave nedzimwe nyaya mutsetse yake yakakurumbira yokufungidzira.

APÓSTOL Petr kunyange pashure Jesu akaroverwa uye amutswa, akasvika kuRoma, vachitevera basa rake: vaswedere Wokusingaperi City kuchiKristu. Zvisinei, zviri asazivikanwa mufambi, kwangopera asvika, zvapupu achipembererwa naMambo Nero. Petro akashamiswa kunamata mambo weRoma ari. Haazivi sei kuwana ichi chinonakidza nenharo. Chinetso heroism, ushingi, murume, ideologically ichingoshora mudzvinyiriri, yakavhenekerwa, kutangira Peter kutya vasingazoiti kukwanisa kuzadzisa basa. Iye vasingachavimbi pachake, iye anotiza kubva Eternal City. Zvisinei, achisiya masvingo eguta, muapostora akaona Jesu yevanhu, achiuya kuzosangana naye. Ashamiswa nezvaakanga aona, Petro akabvunza Mesiya, apo anofanira: "kwakabva Vadis?" Jesu akapindura kuti kubva Peter akasiya vanhu vake, iye ndomumwe - kuti arovererwe pamuchinjikwa zvakare. Pari basa zvechokwadi chinoreva ushingi. Vanoshamisika, Peter anodzoka kuRoma ...

The Musoro ushingi "Hondo uye Rugare"

Rich zvichiratidza pamusoro musimboti heroism wokuRussia dzenhoroondo mabhuku. Lev Nikolaevich NdiTolstoy yake paakaita yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" akamutsa mibvunzo inoverengeka kwouzivi. Mufananidzo Prince Andrew, achifamba pamusoro nzira murwi, munyori akaisa chaizvo mashoko ake. Chinetso heroism uye ushingi inorwadza reinvented uye yakavepo mupfungwa muduku muchinda Bolkonsky. Kurota roujaya hwake - kuita Feat - muduku ruzivo uye kunzwisisa musimboti hondo. Iva gamba, kwete kuonekwa - saka kuchinja upenyu kukoshesa Prince Andrew pashure hondo Shengrabenom.

Staff mukuru Bolkonski anonzwisisa kuti gamba chaiye muhondo iyi bhatiri wavarwi, Captain Tushino. Nomwero, vakarasikirwa pamberi mabhosi. Chinosekwa kuzobatsira vanamukoti. The bhatiri muduku uye haana maturo nondescript mukuru haana kuzununguka pamberi asingakundiki French, kwakonzerwa kwavari uye akaita kuti huru mauto yakarongwa dzokera shure. Tushin akaita pamusoro chero paangodira, kuitira - kufukidza necheshure wehondo - haana kugamuchira. Kunzwisisa musimboti hondo - izvi vaiva mashoko ake. Chinetso heroism reinterpreted Prince Bolkonsky, akangoerekana anochinja basa rake uye rubatsiro M. I. Kutuzova akava mukuru chehondo. In hondo Borodino, akamutsa chehondo ari kurwisa, akabatwa vakuvara. Russian mukuru muviri nomureza Ona kuzoona pamunda Borodino , Napoleon Bonaparte. Maitiro mambo French - kuremekedza: "wakazonaka rufu!" Zvisinei, nokuti kuita heroism Bolkonski rinobatana nokuziva nyika yokuvimbika, tsitsi kukosha.

Harper Lee "Kuuraya munhu Mockingbird"

Tikaziva heroism uye aripo munyika dzinoverengeka mabasa American Classics. The nganonyorwa "Kuuraya munhu Mockingbird" anodzidziswa muzvikoro zvose vaduku vokuAmerica. Rine chepakutanga nharo nezvokuva noushingi. Pfungwa iyi zvinonzwika pamuromo negweta Atticus, murume kukudzwa, vachitora zvakanaka, asi kwete nemabhizimisi. pfungwa dzake nokuti heroism nyaya verenga sezvinotevera: kushinga - ndiwo kana ukawana kushanda, apo vachiziva kuti kurasikirwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, tora uende kumugumo. Uye dzimwe nguva vachiri vanokwanisa kukunda.

Mufananidzo Melanie Margaret Mitchell

Margaret Mitchell kuti yokufungidzira pamusoro American rwezasi XIX remakore pakusika rakasiyana mufananidzo kunyatsogadzikana uye kwezvokufuka, asi panguva imwe chete akashinga uye kushinga mudzimai Melanie. Achitenda kuti vanhu vose vane chinhu chakanaka, uye akagadzirira kuvabatsira. yakachena imba yake murombo anozivikanwa muAtlanta anoonga cordiality Wamasimba Ose. Mune nguva yakawanda ngozi hwake, Scarlett anogamuchira kubva Melanie rubatsiro rwakadaro, risingagoni kuongororwa.

Hemingway kuti heroism

Uye Chokwadi, hatigoni kufuratira chaiwo nyaya Hemingway kuti "The Old Man uye Gungwa", iro rinotaura pamusoro pemhando ushingi uye heroism. Rwisa akwegura Cuban Santiago aine hove huru fananei mufananidzo. Dzokufananidzira Zvikonzero panyaya heroism, rinzira Hemingway. Gungwa akafanana upenyu, uye mutana Santiago - chiitiko kwevanhu. Munyori wacho anoti mashoko vava leitmotif kuti heroism kwechokwadi: "Munhu haana kusikirwa kuti atambure kukundwa. Rinogona kuparadza, asi kuti vahwine - kwete "!

Strugatsky hama "Picnic mumugwagwa"

Ngano anotanga vaverengi vayo phantasmagoric ezvinhu. Zviri pachena, pashure kuuya vatorwa vakaumba anomalous mapazi munyika. Stalkers ndizvo "mwoyo" Nzvimbo ino, ane nemamwe ehupfumi. Munhu anenge asvika munharaunda, anowana simba zvingaitwa: kana kufa kana mapazi achizadzisa ake chido ose. Strugatsky nounyanzvi chinoratidza Kushanduka mweya gamba, uyo akasarudza Feat ichi. Zvinogutsa anoratidza catharsis ake. Stalkers hapana udyire mercantile, saka anofunga maererano vanhu uye, zvinoda wenyika kuti "mufaro zvose", asi zvino, kuti akanga asina kunyimwa navo. Chii mafungiro Strugatsky, dambudziko heroism? Yaitaurwa kubva mabhuku dzinoti - zviri chinhu pasina tsitsi uye vanhu.

Boris Polevoy "The Story of Man Real"

Munhoroondo yevanhu Russian yaiva nguva apo heroism yava zvechokwadi zvikuru. Zviuru Varwi vakaita immortalized mazita avo. High zita Hero of Soviet Union yakanga paakavapa varume gumi nezviviri. Muchiitiko chino, 104 vanhu vave paakavapa kwavari kaviri. Uye vanhu vatatu - katatu. Munhu wokutanga kugamuchira ichi zvepamusoro akava mutyairi Ace Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin. Chete zuva rimwe - 12.04.1943 R - iye akapfura pasi ndege nomwe yechiFascist nechisimba!

Chokwadi, musakanganwa kuuya zvizvarwa itsva mienzaniso heroism yakadaro - kufanana mhosva. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa muenzaniso Soviet "uto" mabhuku - Ndiwo mashoko ari bvunzo. umhare dambudziko vadzidzi yakavhenekerwa mienzaniso yeminda Boris Mihaila Sholohova, Boris Vasileva.

War dzomupepanhau of pepanhau "Pravda" Boris Polevoy zvakashamisa nyaya mutyairi 580 fung Fighter hondo Mareseva Alekseya. Muchando 1942, akanga akapfurwa pasi pamusoro matenga ari Novgorod nharaunda. Akakuvadzwa ari gumbo mazuva mutyairi 18 kusvika kukambaira yavo. Akapona, akasimuka tsoka dzake asi "akadya" neronda rinonyenga. Zvichiteverwa kudimurwa. Muchipatara apo akarara Nadya pashure pokuvhiyiwa, akanga ariwo murayiridzi enyika Sergey Vorobev. Akakwanisa vesa Maresiev hope - kudzokera kumatenga ari murwi mutyairi wendege. Kuburikidza marwadzo, Alex vakadzidza kwete kufamba chakagadzirwa maoko nemakumbo, asi kutamba. The apotheosis nyaya ndiyo yokutanga mhepo muhondo, ichiitwa mutyairi pashure yokukuvara.

"Aisa" zvokurapa purangazve. Munguva yehondo chaiye Aleksey Maresev akapfura pasi 11 muvengi ndege, uye vakawanda vavo - nomwe - mushure kukuvadzwa.

Vanyori Soviet zvinogutsa kwakaratidza dambudziko heroism. Yaitaurwa kubva mabhuku rinoti - pezvaiitwa kuita kwete chete varume asi vakadzi, akadana kushumira. Ngano Borisa Vasileva "The mabhuku pano Akanyarara" riri kuvhiringidza wayo mumutambo. Neshure Soviet aburuka guru okupandukira boka nevaNazi, rinosvika vanhu 16. Heroically akauraya kasikana (Rita Osyanin, ZHenya Komelkova, Lisa Brichkina, Sonia Gurevich, Galya Chetvertak) kushumira 171 njanji mhesano pasi murayiro sajeni Fedota Vaskovo. Zvisinei, ivo zvinodya 11 vaFascist. The yasara shanu foromani anowana ari kabhini. Mumwe akauraya vana captivate. Uyezve Anorwira vasungwa ayo, kupera simba kubva kuneta.

"The Fate woMunhu '

Nyaya iyi Mihaila Aleksandrovicha Sholohova kutiudza yaimbova Red Army - mutyairi Andrei Sokolov. Simply uye zvinogutsa rinozivisa dambudziko kumunyori ushingi uye heroism. Yaitaurwa kubata mweya muverengi kwenguva refu vasina kutsvaka. Chinenge mhuri dzose War II akaunza nhamo. Andrei Sokolov zvakanga zvakawanda: muna 1942 akauraya mudzimai wake Irina nevanasikana vaviri (bhomba yakarova imba). Mwanakomana chishamiso vakapona pashure dambudziko ichi, mumwe muzvipiri akaenda mberi. Andrew akanga vakarwa, akabatwa nevaNazi, akatiza kubva kwaari. Zvisinei, zviri kutarisirwa njodzi itsva muna 1945, 9 May, mumwe mapfuranhunzi akauraya mwanakomana.

Andrew pachake, achirasikirwa mhuri yake yose, vakawana simba kuti atange upenyu hutsva "kubva muvare". Iye kushandisa mukomana rakarasika Vanya, achiva baba vokurera kwaari. Izvi Feat tsika zvakare kunoita upenyu hwake huve nechinangwa.

mhedziso

Ndivo nharo kuti dambudziko heroism ari dzekare mabhuku. Okupedzisira zvechokwadi anogona kutsigira munhu kumutsa maari ushingi. Kunyange hazvina kukwanisa kumubatsira mari, asi anovaka mu mweya wake muganhu, kuburikidza icho zvakaipa havagoni kuyambuka. Akanyora mabhuku pamusoro Remarque mu "Arc de Triomphe". Mibvunzo heroism ari dzekare mabhuku ane nzvimbo nzvimbo akakodzera.

Heroism zvinogonawo achimiririrwa pasocial chinoshamisa rudzi "zvaichengetedza", upenyu munhu kwete chete, uye vose munzanga. Part munzanga, munhu "sero" wakaparadzana - murume (mabasa akaita naidostoyneyshie), nokungwaririra rinosundwa nehanya nevamwe uye pakunamata, chibayiro pachavo, achiponesa zvakawanda. Classical mabhuku - mumwe zvishandiso rinobatsira vanhu kunzwisisa uye kunzwisisa nonlinear hunhu ushingi.