Nagorno-Karabakh. Nhoroondo uye musimboti makakatanwa

Nagorno-Karabakh muna South Caucasus nharaunda inonzi, riri pamutemo pamuganhu Azerbaijan. Panguva pokuwa Soviet ikoko yakabuda rechiuto nokurwisana, sezvo Armenian midzi ane ruzhinji vanogara Nagorno-Karabakh. Musimboti yokurwisana ndechokuti Azerbaijan anoita pamusoro munharaunda iyi zviri pamutemo zvinodiwa, asi vanhu vari munzvimbo dziri nyore kuti Armenia. May 12, 1994 Azerbaijan, Armenia uye Nagorno Karabakh vakanyorerana pasi dzakati, mumwe chibvumirano, somugumisiro kwakatungamirira isiyo ceasefire ari yairwiwa.

Patrimony

Armenian zvenhoroondo dzekare vanoti Artsakh (zita yekare) yakatanga kutaurwa remakore VIII BC Kana tikatenda zvinyorwa izvi, kuti Nagorno-Karabakh chikamu Armenia munguva vokutanga Middle Ages. Somugumisiro, Turkey uye Iran hondo dzokukunda munhambo iyi inokosha chikamu Armenia akauya kudzorwa munyika idzi. Armenian ukuru, kana ukuru ukuru, panguva iyoyo iri munharaunda yemazuva Karabakh, akachengetedzwa Semi-akazvimirira hweHIV.

My nemaonero, Azerbaijan anotora panyaya iyi. Maererano nevaongorori dzeko, Karabakh nderimwe mukuru nhoroondo dziri nyika. Shoko Azerbaijani "Karabakh" rinoshandurwa sezvinotevera: "gara" rinoreva dema uye "tsikidzi" - munda. Atova XVI remakore, pamwe nemamwe mapurovhinzi Karabakh aiva chikamu Safavid ehurumende, uye akazova yakazvimirira khanate.

Nagorno-Karabakh munguva reRussia Empire

Muna 1805 iri Karabakh khanate akanga akaisa kuna Russian Empire, uye muna 1813 maererano Chibvumirano saGulistan muna Russian vakauya Nagorno-Karabakh. Zvadaro, Turkmenchay chibvumirano uye chibvumirano akapedzisa muna Edirne, yakabereka Resettlement pamusoro vokuArmenia kubva Turkey uye Iran, uye kuisa navo mundima Northern Azerbaijan, kusanganisira Karabakh. Saka, vanhu ava munyika iri kudiwa Armenian mavambo.

Sezvo chikamu USSR

Muna 1918, kudzora Karabakh munhu achangobva akasika Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan. Anenge panguva, anoti pamusoro Armenian Republic, asi ADRs izvi vanoti nzvimbo iyi hazvirevi kuziva. Muna 1921, ivo Nagorno-Karabakh ndima chete rwakafara kuzvionera kodzero vanobatanidzwa mune muAzerbaijan SSR. Makore maviri gare gare, iye anowana mamiriro Karabakh zvionera Oblast (NKAO).

Muna 1988, ivo Board vevatariri of Nagorny kuvakumbira vatariri Azerbaijani SSR uye Armenian SSR Republics uye proposes kuti uchatamisa nharo ndima kuna Armenia. chikumbiro ichi haina serinokosha saka kuti maguta Nagorno-Karabakh Ao sefungu kunyunyuta. Kuratidzwa yokubatana inoitwa muna Armenia.

kuzivisa rusununguko

Mukutanga Mumatsutso 1991, apo Soviet Union yakanga Wakatotanga isaparara muna Nagorny Karabakh zvionera Region rakagamuchira Declaration, izvo akazivisa Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. Uye kuwedzera Nagorno-Karabakh kwaro sezvamunoita yakava chikamu nharaunda yaimbova Azerbaijani SSR. Maererano migumisiro referendamu musi 10 December wegore iroro muna Nagorno-Karabakh, vanopfuura 99% yevanhu akavhotera rusununguko izere kubva Azerbaijan.

Zviri pachena kuti masimba Azerbaijan referendamu iyi haina kuzivikanwa, uye kuzivisa kuti chiito pachayo kuziva zvisiri pamutemo. Uyezve, Baku akasarudza ubvise kuzvionera kuti Karabakh, iyo yakanga iri nguva Soviet. Zvisinei, rokuparadza muitiro kare yakatanga.

Karabakh kunetsana

Nokuti rusununguko zviri breakaway zvokuvhoterwa vakamira Armenian mauto avo vakaedza kudzivisa Azerbaijan. Nagorno-Karabakh vakagamuchira rutsigiro kubva pamutemo Yerevan, uyewo National Diaspora mune dzimwe nyika, saka varwi akakwanisa kudzivirira nharaunda. Zvisinei, mashoko Azerbaijani zviremera vachiri kukwanisa kumisa kutonga nzvimbo dzinoverengeka izvo pakutanga akanzi chikamu NKR.

Mumwe nomumwe dzairwisana vemapato anotungamirira Stats ake Nokurasikirwa muna Karabakh kunetsana. Achienzanisa date izvi, tinogona kugumisa kuti kwemakore matatu pamangange yakauraya vanhu mamiriyoni 15-25. Vakakuvadzwa vakaverengwa kanenge 25,000, vanopfuura 100 zviuru zvavo dzakamanikidzwa kusiya nzvimbo dzavo dzokugara.

rugare ugari

Nhaurirano, panguva iyo mapato vakaedza kugadzirisa kusawirirana murunyararo, akatanga kusvika pakarepo pashure rusununguko rakaparidzirwa NKR. Somuenzaniso, September 23, 1991 musangano, wakapindwa Vatungamiri kuAzerbaijan, Armenia uye Russia uye Kazakhstan. Muchirimo 1992 OSCE boka yakatangwa kugadzirisa Karabakh kunetsana.

Pasinei nezvakanakisisa zvingaedzwa dzakawanda kumisa ropa, mumwe regera-moto wakanga chete muchirimo 1994. zuva rechishanu May iri guru Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek Protocol akanga yakasainwa, pashure iyo vadzidzi kurega moto pashure vhiki chete.

Mapato ari kunetsana havana kukwanisa kubvumirana hwokupedzisira mamiriro Nagorno Karabakh. Azerbaijan rinoda kuremekedza kwayo uchangamire uye achingoramba kuchengetedza ayo kuvimbika miganhu. Zvinodiwa rinozviti zvokuvhoterwa inodzivirira Armenia. Nagorno Karabakh rinomirira murunyararo kupedza kuti gakava nyaya, Republic kuti zviremera dzinotaura kuti NKR anokwanisa kumiririra ayo rusununguko.