Ndiani akapa Alaska America? Alaska kutengeswa Catherine? Sales nhoroondo America Alaska

Alaska nzvimbo mundima yayo vatatu muFrance. Hazvisi chete negoridhe Klondike, asi tungsten, Platinum, mekuri, molybdenum, marasha. Uye, Chikurukuru, pane pokumuka oiri hombe, uchisvika matani masere nezvitatu miriyoni pagore kuti. Ichi makumi maviri muzana zvachose US mafuta kugadzirwa. Enzanisa Kuwait unobereka anenge makumi matanhatu nemashanu, uye United Arab Emirates - matani mamiriyoni manomwe pagore.

Vazhinji vakararama zvakakanganisika tenda kuti Alaska kutengeswa Catherine II. Asi ichi handizvo. Nokutaura kwakadaro kune pamwero razova nevakawanda pashure boka kuti nziyo Lube "Haufaniri kumativi, America" pakati pevanhu vaduku. Rinotaura kuti Empress haana kodzero yokuita izvozvo kuti nharaunda. Unobva ichi, vechidiki havasi aiziva nhoroondo uye vakagumisa kuti, uyo akapa Alaska America.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

Nhasi, Alaska ndiye pakukura nharaunda, makumi mana namapfumbamwe US inoti. Ndicho coldest nzvimbo munyika. On kworutivi hunodzorwa chando uye kunyunguduka okunze munyika dzine. Pano ndozvakajairwa - the dzechando noutsinye, achiperekedzwa nemhepo yakasimba uye snowstorm. Kunze chete chikamu Pacific pamhenderekedzo, apo okunze vane mwero uye zvakakodzera ugaro.

Asati pakutengeswa

Nhoroondo Alaska raMwari (asati kupfuura kuna United States) rave chokuita Russian Empire. Kunyange nemasere remakore, nharaunda zvaiva ushe weRussia. Hazvizivikanwi kuti nyaya refu akatanga muna Alaska - the kugarwa uyu chando uye yaisazoraramika nyika. Zvisinei, chokwadi chokuti iri kupfuura kare pakati Asia uye North America, paiva chaicho kubatana, hapana mubvunzo. Uye rakanga rakataku- pamusoro ari Bering Strait, iyo yakanga yakafukidzwa chando. Vanhu mumazuva iwayo nyore vakayambukira kubva kuendesa kune mumwe. Shoma upamhi Bering Strait - chete makiromita makumi masere nematanhatu. kure ichi anokwanisa chaizvo kukurira Sled imbwa zvakare kana zvishoma ruzivo vavhimi.

Kana chando zera yapera, zvakatanga nenguva kwepasi. The chando ikavhunduka, uye nemahombekombe makondinendi akanyangarika mhiri jengachenga. The zvakawanda vanhu kuti vagere Asia, haana kuda kushambira mhiri nechando pechiso zvisingazivikanwi. Naizvozvo, sezvo chiuru chemakore chechitatu BC, Alaska maIndia akatanga kukura. madzinza avo yava California, akatamira kuchamhembe, vanobatisisa yePacific nemhenderekedzo. Zvishoma nezvishoma maIndia asvika Aleutian Islands, apo akagadzirisa.

Kukura Russian Alaska

Zvichakadai, Russian Empire yakatanga kukura kumiganhu nokukurumidza okumabvazuva. Panguva ino, zvikepe kunyika European vari kuramba rire nyanza nemakungwa, achitsvaka nzvimbo itsva misha, Russian nyanzvi Urals uye Siberia, kuFar East uye Far North nyika. A renyeredzi yose simba uye akashinga vanhu vakaenda kumatare kwete dzinopisa mumvura, uye chando nenzira utsinye rwokumusoro. Vatungamiriri inozivikanwa kwazvo kunorwa vaiva Urume Dezhnev uye Fedot Popov, Vitus Bering uye Alexei Chirikov. Zvakanga avo muna 1732 akazarura nyika vamwe yakabudirira nyika - kare kare, kana Russia akapa Alaska America. Wainyatsotaura musi anoonekwa kuti pamutemo.

Zviri chimwe chinhu kuzarura, uye mumwe - kushongedzera nenyika itsva. Wokutanga chaizvo misha Russian muna Alaska, akaonekwa chete eighties ari namasere remakore. Vanhu vaita kunovhima pakutengeserana: asi vavhimi akabatwa mhuka inobereka makushe-, uye vatengesi navo. Zvishoma nezvishoma ichi neobetovannaya pasi akatanga kuva kunobva purofiti, somunhu anokosha mbava makore ose, akanga akaenzana goridhe.

Loss kumucheto

Pakutanga, nyika idzi kuchamhembe, akafuma zvikuru mbava, zvido Russian ngaachengete. Asi makore akapfuura, uye kuparadzwa zvachose zvakafanana makava uye otters, beavers uye mink vaisagona kuramba nokusingaperi. Mining furs akasuruvara. Russian Klondike zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kurasikirwa yezvokutengeserana kukosha kwayo. Zvinhu yakanga kuwedzerwa ndechokuti yakakura nyika saka kure vave kushanda nyanzvi. Ndiyo yaiva riwedzere, chikonzero rokutanga nei Russia akapa Alaska America.

Kutanga mukupera thirties ari namasere remakore Imperial dare kutanga kuumba pfungwa kuti Alaska - ndiko kurasikirwa mucheto. Uyezve, mambo akatanga kuuya pakugumisa kuti, kunze nemusoro, nyika ino haigoni kuunza chinhu. Kubvira vakatanga nhoroondo kutengeswa Alaska America. Maindasitiri vaiva nechokwadi kuti vanopedzisira idzi - kupenga zvakakwana, nokuti havagoni abhadhare. vanhu Russian haazorambi kugara murenje rino nechando, kunyanya sezvo pane Siberia uye Altai, uye Far East, apo okunze ari munhu munyoro kwazvo uye nyika yakaorera.

The kare mudambudziko kuwedzerwa kuti Crimean War, iyo yakatanga muna 1853, izvo pumped richibva paruzhinji chikwama yakawanda mari. Mukuwedzera, muna 1855 vakafa Nicholas I, uyo akatsiva chigaro, Alexander II. On the mambo mutsva akatarira netariro. Vanhu vaitarisira kuchinja matsva. Asi chii kuchinja zvinoitwa pasina mari?

zvachose

Kana totaura uyo akapa Alaska America, nokuti vamwe chikonzero, chete kuyeuka Empress Catherine II. Vazhinji vanotenda, kunyange akanga iye akaisa siginicha yake chirevo pamusoro kuchinjwa "Russian America" muBritain. Kwekwainzi kukurukura pakutanga haana kuti atengese, asi bedzi risi kuti zana remakore. Kunyange nyaya, zvakazara achisimbisa kuti kutengeswa Alaska Catherine. Kana Empress, asingazivi Russian mutauro zvakanaka, izvozvo akapa basa chibvumirano yaunovimba munhu. The chete kuvhiringidzwa chiperengo: pachinzvimbo rekodhi "riri kufambiswa Alaska nokusingaperi," murume, ndisipo vachizvikudza akaita katsamba: "akapiwa nokusingaperi," iro raireva nokusingaperi. Saka mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti: "Ndiani akaita America Alaska" - "Catherine!" Hazvina kunaka. Ane asi kuva kunyatsotevera kudzidza kare nyika yake.

Alaska munhoroondo

Catherine II, maererano pamutemo nyaya, hapana akafanana kuita. Kana nyika rendi haana kurega, uye kunyange zvakawanda hazvina kutengeswa. Hapana prerequisites nokuti izvi hazvina. Nhoroondo kutengeswa Alaska vakatanga pashure chete hafu yezana remakore, munguva Alexander II. Yakanga iri mambo mitemo panguva vakatanga kubuda matambudziko akawanda ane mhinduro zvaida promptness.

Zvechokwadi, mambo uyu, uyo akakwira cheushe, haana pakarepo akafunga kutengesa nyika hwokuchamhembe. Zvakatora makore gumi nyaya asati raibva. Kutengesera nyika chimiro nguva dzose yaiva zvinonyadzisa zvikuru chinhu. Handiti ndiwo uchapupu kwekuneta munyika, kutadza kwayo kuramba hurongwa mundima yayo pasi kwavo utongi. Zvisinei, kuRussia papfuma iri chaizvo kudiwa mari. Uye vasinga - zvose nzira yakanaka.

Purchase uye sero

Zvisinei, vanodanidzira nezvazvo hapana yose. Mubvunzo sei Russia akapa Alaska America, akatunhidzwa uye enyika, akabvunza itsva mhinduro. Muna 1866 iri Washington rakasvika nhumwa yeRussian Imperial Court, iyo vakatanga kutungamirira muchivande kwakadzama nokuda kutengeswa nechokuchamhembe nyika. The vekuAmerica vakaratidza complaisance, kunyange zvazvo nguva yokuti kutengeserana nechazvo akanga kubudirira. Zvechokwadi, muUnited States vanenge hondo pakati pemauto South uye North. Uye nekuti chezvipo wehurumende akanga aneta zvachose.

Makore gumi pashure nguva apo Russia akapa Alaska America, pamwe vatengi aigona kukumbira kashanu zvakawanda, asi Russian dare, maererano kare, kushaya mari iri kupera. Saka, zvose mapato vakabvumirana $ mamiriyoni 7.2 zvegoridhe nerokuti. Uye kunyange panguva yaiva mari rakanaka chaizvo, tichitarisa mamiriro zvinoumba anenge maviri nemakumi mashanu mamiriyoni emadhora, asi munhu wose anofarira mubvunzo ndiani akapa Alaska America, anobvumirana kuti nzvimbo hwokuchamhembe Aikosha mirairo wandei zvikuru zvikuru.

Kwapera gore,

Mushure chibvumirano mumiririri Imperial dare kuRussia. Papera gore zita munhu akapa Alaska America - muumambo Alexander II - zvakanzi akatuma shoko teregiramu chasainwa Endryu Dzhonsona - US President. Raiva chebhizimisi: Russia vociferously, nyika yose, aida kutengesa Alaska. Asi pazuva yapfuura teregiramu Russian mumiririri kuti kushanya Washington havana kuziva munhu. Zvakazozivikanwa kuti America kuti akatanga kutengeserana, asi kwete Russia. Saka nemanomano vakanga rakaramba nemapoka acho nedzenyu uye kokorodzano enyika. Mukuona zvenyika Russia kugona kusiyira chiremera chake. Uye wepamutemo nyaya dzemapepa kwaiitirwa March 1867. Uye kubva panguva iyoyo, "Russian Alaska" akarega kuvapo. Iye akapiwa chinzvimbo pakati dzokuAmerica dzaitongwa. Gare gare, akanga kunzi County, uye muna 1959, munyika iyi kuchamhembe makumi mana nemapfumbamwe US inoti.

The kururamiswa

Nhasi, tsvakai akapa Alaska America, unogona, Chokwadi, mhosva uye kutsoropodza Russian Emperor Alexander II. Zvisinei, kana iwe tinyatsoziva enyika uye mari Russian mamiriro ezvinhu kunyatsotevera makore iwayo okutanga, hunobuda muenzaniso yakajeka kusvika pamwero tuzvikonzero chisarudzo charo.

Muna 1861, yakanga pakupedzisira kuregwa serfdom. Zviuru landlords vakasiyiwa pasina varimi avo, izvo zvaireva kuti yakawanda kirasi varasikirwa aida mari kupi. Naizvozvo, hurumende yakatanga kubhadhara muripo kuvanokudzwa, uyo aifanira sezvineiwo kufukidza kurasikirwa kwavo zvemari. Zvisinei, nokuti pfuma mari emamiriyoni youmambo rubles dzakadaro. Zvino kwakauya Crimean War, uye zvakare kubva papfuma mari vakadirana.

Mudambudziko nokuti Russia

Kuti zvimwe dzosera, youmambo akabata mari makuru kunze. Hurumende Foreign nemufaro mukuru mukupa mu chikwereti kuRussia, pashure zvose, kuti akanga vasingaverengeki dzinongoitika pfuma. The umambo wakasika ezvinhu apo ose imwe Ruble akava mufaro, uye kunyanya imwe iyo pakanga pasina chikonzero kubhadhara yechimbadzo chikwereti manotsi.

Ndokusaka waibva kutengesa Alaska. Catherine - mukuru Russian Empress - zvachose chokuita nyaya iyi. Uye mhosva zvinoita njere, asi kuti chete hurumende akauya zvizere kuderera uye nezvarinovimbisa chiedza ruoko.

Kuome kutengesa

Alaska - nyika kure kuchamhembe, aigara rakasungwa nezvisungo zvomumakumbo chando husingaperi. Haana kuuya Russia imwe sendi. Zvino ainyatsoziva pose. Uye saka Imperial dare aida chaizvo kuwana mumwe mutengi uyu asingabatsiri munharaunda KUTONHORA. Pedyo Alaska vaiva United States. Ivo uye akataura kuti Russia iri yako hatiripe uye kuita zvakawanda. The US Congress, kana pane, vakuru vakawanda havana pakarepo kubvumirana zvakadaro dubious kutenga. Mubvunzo nezvazvo akaiswa kuti vhoti. Somugumisiro, kupfuura hafu vakuru categorically akavhotera pamusoro kutora: pfungwa kubva hurumende yeRussia, haana kukonzera chero kufara pakati vokuAmerica. Mamwe zvenyika kutengeserana ino vakaratidza Mhedziso hanya.

migumisiro

A Kutengeswa vokuAlaska uye anoita rwakaonekwa muRussia. Newspapers akanyora nezvazvo pamapeji dzavo okupedzisira. Vamwe Russian uye havana kuziva kuti ariko. Kunyange chete gare gare, apo akapfuma reserves goridhe munyika ino chando kuchamhembe kwakawanikwa zvose pamusoro nyika kukwikwidzirana kuti tigove zvinzi Alaska, uye kutengeswa vachiseka Russian mambo benzi uye pfupi anoona zvakanaka.

The enyika uye zvemari zvakakura nyaya nezvisingabvumwi SUBJUNCTIVE. Hapana avo akazova Alexander II mhosva, haana akataura kuti Alaska ingava hombe deposits goridhe yakadaro. Asi kana tikafunga kutengeserana haisi kubva kuitika chinzvimbo, uye vane mamiriro ezvinhu 1867, vakawanda vanodavira kuti Russian pamambo akaita zvachose nomazvo. Uye kunyanya Sale Alaska Catherine - a leisurely kuvamba, vasina pasi nechimwe.

mhedziso

All munyika dzose dzaiumba "Russian America" rakanyorwa chiuru matani goridhe. Vamwe ichi fabulously akapfuma, uye vamwe vakarasikirwa nokusingaperi chando murenje. Nhasi, vokuAmerica vanoda inert chaizvo uye chokwadi anoshandura inogarwa munhu surly mucheto. In Alaska, pane kushanda hapana migwagwa. Kusvikira vashoma misha yevanhu kuwana kana nendege kana nemvura. The njanji anomhanya pano mumaguta chete mashanu. In zvachose, vanhu zviuru mazana matanhatu ari mamiriro.