Septimius Bassianus Caracalla. Namabhati ane Caracalla Emperor: photo, nhoroondo, rokuvakazve, sei kuti ikoko?

chivakwa The chakasakara okuberekwa, riri guta guru Italy, kamwe kuzivikanwa rechisere nechishamiso wenyika. Man-yakaitwa dzakaitika Monument uye ikozvino rinoratidza ukuru kare hwacho, achiva pavaipfuura nyika akakurumbira weRoma dhanzi.

Namabhati ane Caracalla: History

Tisati tatanga kutaura imwe huru zvinokwezva Vokusingaperi City, zvakakodzera kujekesa kuti akadai. Akararama BC vagari veRoma yekare vaiva nematambudziko zvikuru nemvura. Saka kazhinji mubvunzo wakamuka pamusoro kuvakwa aqueducts, izvo vakarwira mvura inopa upenyu-kuguta pamberi vakuru. tsime kana mvura nerimwe idzva akava chiitiko chaicho panguva iyoyo.

Zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kuonekwa kugeza wokutanga, kuwana yaiva chete vapfumi uye anokudzwa Romans. Tinogona kutaura kuti kushambira ari dzokugezera akaita basa rinokosha muupenyu hwevanhu, inova mhando zvisina kutaurirana vaya simba. Famous vanhu regai chete kusuka, uye akakurukura nyaya zvakafanana hanya. Saunas kupa kwete chete pane muviri kugeza mabasa, uye ivo zvaisanganisira kwetsika kunzwisisa, kusanganisira mitambo zvivako, raibhurari, zvivako kuti mitambo yakawanda. Saka yokugeza mutoo ikava aesthetic mufaro chaiwo.

Complex nokuti yokugeza uye varaidzo

Sezvingatarisirwa, kunogeza haana kukwana, uye 3rd remakore AD, mubvunzo uyu wanetsa mambo Caracalla. Dzokugezera, yakavakwa munharaunda Rome anodzora, chinhu chikuru yokufaranuka yakaoma, zvakanga zvisiri kuenzana. Kuvaka hombe zvikuru kuti anogona kutakura vanhu 1,500, rakavakwa makore 11. Rakavakirwa repamusoro munzvimbo muRoma akakura zvinotyisa dzinosanganisira makamuri zvokushambira uye kutandara.

Anozivikanwa sahwira Spartian chinyorwa akasiya shure inoshamisa kunzwisisa kukura rimwe guta Emperor Caracalla. Terme zvechokwadi kushamiswa ukuru hwaro uye akapfuma kushongedzwa rose. High mokupera yakavakwa hurungudo uye jecha, mabwe akadurura esimende, uye France wakashongedzwa machena Slabs - sezvo kuona chaizvoizvo akasika brittleness yakanaka chivako pa yomukati inoshamisa nhare dzakaoma yose.

Architecture zvivako

Kuvanza imwe nzvimbo hectares 11 mambo Caracalla monument ndiyo hofori chivako zvinoshamisa runako puranga. Kumativi ose rakanga rakapoteredzwa nzvimbo paka mbiru makuru. A vazhinji zvivako mukati zvakaoma kuvaka symmetrically, sezvo vose corridors vakasikwa anokosha, curved nzira kudzivirira kupisa kusunungurwa.

Kune rumwe rutivi paiva dzemitambo, vaiva makwikwi akasiyana, mumwe ane raibhurari, yakavakwa zvakananga kufinhikana Romans. Saka Ini akarayira mambo Caracalla. Madziva uye yaisanganisira dzimba 64 chete yakakura Matangi vari zvokudya nemvura yakachena kubva zvitubu mugero gomo. Vapedza kugeza vaRoma kubva nharaunda uye dzimba dzokugezera mupaki zororo iri inotonhorera gazebo panze.

The nemamiriro kunzwisisa izwi

Wonderful nemisipiresi mukoto kwakatungamirira pasuo kugeza zvakaoma. Chivako chikuru, waimira senzvimbo nokushambira, rakakamurwa akawanda mudzimba.

Huru neeimba, yakavhenekerwa nyoro chiedza yendarama nokuda akaiswa munzvimbo mahwindo segirazi mahwendefa tsvukuruka zvakashamisa incredible Kukwirira kwedenga, izvo zvaiita kuti kuiparadza skyrocketing masvingo machena. Uye kuburikidza buri nemamiriro rising mukati wakaunganidza kwaedza. Luxury kushongedzwa kwakanga zvinoshamisa: kamuri yakashongedzwa vakawanda zvivezwa, uye uriri akanga rwakagadzirira pamwe mavara mosaics kuratidza mifananidzo rengano dzinotaura.

Hot kugeza (caldarium) aiva yeraundi pamwe dzimba zororo mushure kurapwa mvura. The yose mukomberedzo vakanga vakapakata niches duku umo zvaibvira kundoshamba oga - munhu kumumvuri of zvimbudzi.

Aidziya kugeza (tepidarium) zvakashamisa wezvidimbu paburiro, iro yeRoma nenhamba vatambi vakamiswa. Kurudyi nokuruboshwe meimba akanga makamuri jimunasitikisi.

The chando kugeza (frigidarium) akabvumira Chiso chinopenya Romans atonhodze pasi ari mumudziyo huru.

Kurambidzwa utsanana

Akavaka zvakasimba vaurayiwa izwi anoonekwa somunhu rakasiyana building, asi pashure kuwa mukuru hweRoma, chakavakwa paitonga mambo nezita Caracalla dzokugezera yakapararawo. Vaongorori vanodavira kuti huru basa yokukanganwa utsanana wakapata chiKristu akaparidza pamusoro chisingakoshi yemuviri ukuru mweya. Zvaidavirwa kuti mwando unoshambidza zvivi mvura tsvene, iyo akanyika munhu paakabhabhatidzwa, uye vashumiri chechi vakaziva tuhwina muzvivi, kudzivirira pakunamata nekukura kugeza, uye zvose zvivako vaionekwa se chechihedheni izwi.

Tames nyama vaparidzi havana kusuka, ose dzemamongi zvimbudzi akava chiratidzo delicacy akaipisisa, iro haadiwi sangano zvokunamata. Tsvina airemekedzwa somumwe yechiKristu unhu, uye ikozvino kuziva kunyange kukonzera nyaya ano vakawana murume neinda, ainyatsoziva sechiratidzo utsvene. Zvakaguma akasiyana matenda kuti aitambudza panguva Middle Ages muEurope uye kwakauraya upenyu hwemamiriyoni evanhu.

Nyika akakurumbira nzvimbo kukwezvwa

Muzana XVI remakore pamusoro mumatongo kamwe velichiestvennyh bhati zvivako vave inoitwa matongo Zvakafukunurwa nechinangwa vashongedze kumuzinda zvasara kubva rokuti Papa kuvakwa zvokunyama. Vakati pazvakawanikwa zvinoshamisa mabasa ounyanzvi, nzvimbo iyi yakapiwa mamiriro nemagariro shongwe womunharaunda.

Chete mukupera XIX remakore, monument pakati Caracalla, matongo mufananidzo inoita ndangariro vayemura yakapfuura ukuru Rome, vashanyi vava kuzivikanwa sezvo wokuItaly nzvimbo kukwezvwa. Yakakura matongo dzakadziuka vaenzi ose zuva, uye munguva yedu, vose vakava mamiriro ezvinhu dhanzi imba. Vaimbove inodziya kugeza anotendeuka kuva horo yakakura anoda kusvika 20 zviuru vaoni. Yakatanga kufamba muna 1937, ari dhanzi mwaka mberi nhasi, uye yakakurumbira chiitiko chaiva chokupika iri Roman mabhati vatatu pose kuzivikanwa tenors - Domingo, Carreras uye Pavarotti.

Rokuvakazve Russian Artist

In pakati XIX remakore kuRoma akatumwa kubva kuRussia Sergey Ivanov kudzorera mapurani pakuonekwa akakura muzvivako. Anoshanda nesimba jaya harina vatye kunyange chimurenga payakatanga, uye akaramba basa rake, pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu. Nokukurumidza mu Italian anobudiswa rondedzero Ivanova, kudzidza muudzame monument pamusoro Caracalla. Rokuvakazve, iyo chaipiwa nokuda Russian womufananidzo, yaiumbwa 43 vanodhirowa, vachiratidza nechepakati chikamu chacho, uyewo makamuri chikamu.

Haana chete akanyatsokopwa kuburitswa ose zvemaoresa chikuru kunzwisisa, asi vanewo makamuri with hot uye kutonhora mvura, kuchinja makamuri, gyms uye dzimwe nhengo huru chivakwa. musayendisiti Russian basa kunokosha nevaongorori zvose yezvakaparadzwa yekare, iye anoratidza umbozha hofori wavarindi hurongwa.

Namabhati ane Caracalla: sei kuti ikoko?

Kuti vasvike kune dhanzi imba, yava nzvimbo bhati yakaoma, anogona kuva pamusoro pevhu kana chomuruki bhazi. Term kero, riri nechepakati guru Italian, sezvinotevera: Via delle Terme von Caracalla, 52. Entrance kune matongo euros shoma, asi pachigadziko kushanya kune dhanzi vachafanira forogo, nekuti mutengo achavaponesa mamiriro the artist. Asi rapanzvimbo kunoshamisa runako chiseko, achitora nzvimbo pakachena mhepo usiku, zviri unokosha.

The mamiriro yekare, pasinei vashatisa mamiriro, ari kufarira zvepachokwadi vatorwa vashanyi vachiyemura zvinokonzerwa Ancient Rome. Emperor chakavakwa mumazuva pamwe sonorous zita Caracalla monument vari chinoshamisa UKURU uye pamwero vose kubata rubanzu mapurani chinoshamisa.