Swedish Tank Battle: kuongororwazve mienzaniso uye rondedzero

Chimwe chiratidzo rusununguko ndiyo kuvapo kwairayirwa pamusoro nemauto ake. Hondo chero nyika yakakamurwa munzvimbo huru dzakawanda, kureva, Air Force, Marine mauto uye nyika nemauto. Uyewo Army compulsorily vapedza pamwe warrior kupesana, pasina pazviri pasingabviri kufungidzira Implementation makuru-pamwero uto kushandiswa. Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro rechiuto motokari yakadaro, tangi Swedish. About naye kutaura zvakawanda.

nhoroondo mashoko

The War World First haana kurasa pamusoro muchiuto Swedish pakuti vari vakanyatsoteerera ndichiona warrior motokari uye akatsvaka dzakasiyana kuti modernize uto raro. Pakutanga, yeSweden aida kutenga British tangi nokuda kwayo hwakadzama kudzidza, asi pakupedzisira pfungwa rakarambwa nekuti utariri Swedish asarudza kuti ichocho zvinodhura zvikuru (40 000 kroons).

kubiridzira German

Sweden kuti tangi wokutanga waiva tarakita. Pakutanga, unonakidza upenzi, asi zviri pasi achinyepera okurima michina Germany pashure pokukundwa muhondo Sweden vakatengesa 10 Matangi ayo Lk-II. Panyaya iyi, muchina uchakumikidzwa unassembled, uye yokupedzisira paungano Matangi yakaitwa paivhu Swedish. Wokutanga chaizvo kurwisana motokari ikaungana Scandinavians muna April 1922, uye ane zviyero gumi muna August vakanga vakamuka. Mumatsutso 1924 ari Swedish Matangi vainzi M / 21.

mazuvaano

Mumakore 1924-1925 pamusoro michina iyi, kuedza yaiitwa kuisa redhiyo. All 10 Matangi vaivapo, "bhuku rokutanga" nokuda Swedish zvechiuto mainjiniya rose indasitiri. Muna 1929, mumwe ari muhondo vezvikwata izvi akanga upgraded: vakamisa Swedish Scania Vabis 1554 michini, simba nerimwe raiva 85 horsepower (analogue German aiva 56 zvapano ..).

The mafungiro General Staff

Muna 1928, Mukuru General Staff yakazivisa Hammarskjold zvinodiwa kuti aifanira kuita Swedish tangi:

• Optimum firepower (mbiri zvigwagwagwa uye pfuti inofanira kuiswa iri machine).
• Excellent muchinjikwa-nyika kubudikidza nharaunda (dzinenge 10 km / h pamusoro akaoma uye dzinenge 20 km / h pamusoro hwandaiva mugwagwa).
• Nadzo anofanira kudzivirirwa kubva mumoto kanoni caliber 37 mm.
• Kurema tangi haafaniri kupfuudza matani 12, kuitira kuti vadarike mabhiriji pasina matambudziko.

inopa mainjiniya

Pakarepo vanoverengeka muzvirongwa kubva makambani siyana vave pasi. Akanyanya Mogårdshammarstridsvagnen tangi kwave wakatangwa rechitanhatu musimboti, pakati paiva nenzvimbo muchina ane chinjwa njanji. Zvisinei, basa racho harina dzakabudirira nokuti rufu kwayo munyori.

Uyewo, kambani "Landsverk" akapa ake Swedish tangi STRV rinonzi L-5. Aiva nemano kufamba kana pamusoro pamakwara, uye zvakananga rinosiya mavhiri kutinhisa mumugwagwa. Zvombo aiva caliber 37 mm kanoni uye vaviri zvigwagwagwa. Zvisinei, zvakanga simba chaizvo bhuku muchina angakudzivisai muchina-pfuti moto.

Nguva 1930s

Izvi tangi Swedish haana nevamwe, asi pakupedzisira akava hwaro pagadzirwe kumotokari muna 1930, L-30 - munhu tangi vhiri-yakawana. midziyo iyi mauto akakwanisa kuratidza zvakaisvonaka akurumidze zvatariswa panguva 1931 miedzo. Aine revarwi uremu 11.500 makirogiramu, tangi makwara pamusoro nokukurumidza kusvika 35 km / h, uye RV - kusvika 75 km / h.

Zvadaro, Swedish dzehondo makore 30 akapiwa chete nomupedzachose. Mavhiri vakaramba. The rinofarirwa kupfuura motokari vakagamuchira L-10, kugadzirwa ne "Landsverk". Vaiva marori maviri, rimwe nerimwe rine mbiri rutsigiro rollers vakapinda. Uyewo rollers vakatakura mapatya uye aiva rekeni. Zvingoro chete gungano chikomboredzo ngadzirambe dziri pasi kurutivi Hull uye vane cushioning. The frontal zvombo muchina akaenzana 24 mm. Kubva maoko pamusoro muchina aiva 37 mm Cannon "Bofors" kugadzirwa projectile makavigwa chinhambwe 300 metres apfuura 42 mm simbi jira, pamwe chinhambwe 1000 M - 28 mm papepa. Uyewo maiva pfuti uye 6,5 mm caliber.

Muna 1934, "Landsverk" akapa mazano matsva maviri mumwe Armed Forces: tangi L-100, waiva zvishoma chavo uremu, uye yakagadzirwa ushori, uyewo L-60 - mugari wenhaka L-10, izvo pakutanga aifanira kuva aivigirwa, uye nekuti hondo Swedish akaita yatenga shoma michina izvi kutanga chete muna 1937. Tank L-60 aiva 15 mm otomatiki kanoni uye nezvombo 20 mm caliber.

Muna 1939 kwave vakagamuchirwa Tank M-39, akashongedzerwa aine Semi-otomatiki pfuti "Bofors" ane dhayamita 37 mm uye vaviri zvigwagwagwa. Neshongwe aiva idzva chakagadzirwa.

Nguva 1940s

Kana tikafunga kuti Swedish matangi ari Second World War, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kukura tangi kukura muSweden panguva pave zvakaitika nemauto German, izvo akamanikidza yeSweden kuti vadzokorore maonero ake pamusoro tangi mauto yose.

Muna 1942, purogiramu anzverwa kuSweden, zvainanga kukura Armed Forces uye kupa kwoUmambo vatatu warrior brigades. In nomumwe wavo aifanira kunge battalions maviri. Uwandu kuhondo motokari totaled 315 vamapoka chiedza uye 228 rinorema.

Swedish chiedza tangi m / 40k aiva mumwe rakakurumbira hondo Air nyika ino. The motokari awana Akazadzisa kuturika uye injini ane goho kuti 160 horsepower. Frontal kuchengetedza yaiva 50 mm uye bead - 20 mm. Panewo mashoko kuti yeSweden vakakwanisa kuwana kubva German zvokuimba hutachiwana, zvakafanana nezvaishandiswa mune m / 39.

Swedish bazi Matangi m / 41 akanga Akazadzisa dzokurwa mberi uye zvikamu aft. Neshongwe yaiva itsanangudzo chimiro, asi panguva imwe chete yakawanda simba nadzo. STRUCTURAL kuchinja zvose zvakakonzera kuti mainjiniya aifanira kuwedzera urefu dzimba kusvika 65 mm uye kuwedzera mafuta mumota vanokwanisa (kubvira 190 kusvika 230 litres). Also vaiona mukana uchishandisa zvimwe zvokufambisa magadzirirwe welded Hull uye turret, asi kwakasarudzwa kuti kugadzirwa reformatting zvinotora nguva yakawanda, uye pakupedzisira pfungwa iyi yakasiyiwa.

Swedish Matangi m / 42 aiva uremu akaenzana matani 22.5. The vashandi aiva mana. Akazadzisa chidobi sezvo maoko akanga 75-mm mapatya kanoni caliber pfuti, uye vaviri 8 mm. Wechitatu pfuti akanga akatasva kosi marongero. Uye turret casing vari welded pamwe uye vane streamlined chimiro. Vakanga kushandisa kuumbwa mitezo frontal chikamu. Nadzo motokari yakasvika 55 mm (mamwe manyuko vanoti nhamba iyi kunyange yakasvika 80 mm). Engine uye kutapukirwa vakasikwa mushanduro dzakawanda, izvo vakapiwa chakakodzera maviri-tsamba yekubvuma. Early yemashoko Matangi vakanga vakapakata hunyambiri propulsion ezvinhu inokwana 325 horsepower uye aiva Chinyorwa hutachiwana uye Electro-zvokuimba kuzvidzora. Kwapera nguva motokari akatanga kubereka otomatiki transmissions nomumwe injini. A shoma gare gare Matangi vakatanga kubereka kuroorwa-injini kugadzirwa "Volvo", simba iro, maererano nokufungidzira siyana, aigona kusvika 380 kusvika 410 horsepower. Uyezve, kwakanga kune nzvimbo uye Kupfuudzwa otomatiki kuti kare dzibatane.

Pasinei nezvose zvekushandisa kusiyana, vose dzehondo m / 42 zvakafanana kunonyanyisa kufamba nokukurumidza - 42 km / h.

Oga, vanoverengeka mhando vave unganidzwa nokuda vatungamiri, ivhu izvi zvikuru vakapakata ebetsero transceiver ane 70-watt wokutepfenyurisa. Akanga akaiswa pamusoro panzvimbo wokumwe Exchange muchina-pfuti yokugadza, iyo yakatsiva hunde unhu akarigadzirira Layouts.

Munguva 1944-1945 chikuru unoshamisa rehondo Swedish warrior mauto yairema m / 42 muchina. Izvi Swedish matangi, Photo pazasi, muri kure kupfuura zvavo vamutangira ari maoko, uye vari kuparadzira vashandi mabasa. Asi, pasinei izvi zvose, pakati 1944 muenzaniso uyu aiva pasi Rating pachishandiswa svikiro Matangi raivapo panguva iyoyo nyika mitemo. Its barreled pfuti 75 mm dhayamita chaiva va neudhadha nokuda yakaderera kwokutanga velocity dzokurwa kuboora projectile kutiza. To ichi chinofanira kuwedzerwa, uye matambudziko zvikuru chakakomba rakavimbika: chassis Kurumidza kusakara, migweje kutenderera mashandiro, akaramba electromechanical hutachiwana.

Nyorai nokuzvidzora propelled atirari

Muna September 1941, musoro Army mvumo kudiwa kukura uye kugadzirwa yokuzvidzora propelled pfuti. Nechekare kumavambo 1942, kuidzwa zvikabva chokugadza pamusoro tangi chassis m / 38 caliber pfuti pamwe 74 mm zvakaratidza kuti pagadzirwe aizobudirira chaizvo zvokuita.

Humwe basa kwakaratidza kuti vakawanda optimum aiva m / 41 chassis. Muna March 1943, akatanga kukura anozvipira propelled pfuti vane pfuti caliber 75 mm m / 02. Mugore iroro bvunzo Pav m / 43 michina kunge inoitwa, izvo akaratidza kuti zvakanaka-nekusimba 105mm howitzer.

Muna 1944, kuzvicheka-propelled pfuti vakaendeswa pabasa akacherekedza Sav m / 43. Michina iyi vakakwereta chassis m / 41 SII, panzvimbo turret kucheka mabhokisi pakuiswa, vakapakata frontal nhumbi 50 mm paukobvu. In basa zvekushandisa waitsigira pfuti ine dhayamita pamusoro 75 mm. Zvisinei, kubvira 1945, takatanga kuchinja mune caliber kuti 105 mm. Combat Kit aiva 43 vapfurwa. Kushandiswa sezvo kurwiswa chombo ACS asina kuswedera, nekuti akanga asina pfuti uye inodiwa kudzivirira Anti-tangi pfuti.

ari yepashure pehondo

Swedish inorema Matangi akatanga mune 1949. Project kuumba rinorema uye simba michina KRV akagamuchira Cipher. Pakupedzisira Vavariro basa rakanga kuumba rinorema tangi rwisana yairema kuva 40-45 matani.

Pakutanga, sezvo mukuru huchashandiswa vaiona pfuti 105, 120 uye 155 mm. 155 mm caliber kanoni chainyanya anonakidza, asi zvakadaro vakauramba. Ndapedza imwe pachisara mauto vakasarudza kuti 120-mm dzichapambwa pfuti.

Kudzidza kwakaita kuti urongwa kuti mainjiniya vaiva nechokwadi: kupa zvinodiwa uremu uye kukura tangi zvakakodzera kusiya zvose mazuva shongwe. We vaiona yakanakisisa chingaitwa Kuchinja oscillating turret, iro rinoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri. Rezasi Chikamu zvakanzi akaronga kuisa mukutsvaga. Iye aizova anokonzera chinjikira kutungamirirwa zvokushandisa. Yokumusoro chikamu Takatamira kuno rusvingo ndege.

Zvekuti bazi idzva Swedish zviri Matangi yakazokudziridzwa, kwakasarudzwa kutenga kubva France rinorema tangi AMX 50. Pashure pokuongorora ose zvinhu zvayo, nyika yeSweden yakatanga chirongwa inonzi KRV Emil. The creators vanoronga kuti vave shongwe, ane zvose zvakafanira midziyo uye kushandisa michina, saka kuti pakanga pasina chikonzero kuti munhu. Chokwadi, izvi zvakonzera matambudziko, asi vachiri dzakasiyana matatu yemberi tangi yakagadzirwa.

Chokutanga raisanganisira kugadzirwa michina yairema pakati matani 28. Muenzaniso inofanira kuva 5.8 metres refu, 2.6 metres paupamhi uye 2.35 metres kureba. Caliber Gun - 120 mm.

The mberi Chikamu tangi inofanira kuva ugaro nokuda mutyairi, avhareji iri dzinounzwa nokuda oscillating turret, uye kutsigira - pasi injini-hutachiwana mupanda. Neshongwe aifanira anobvumawo murwi uye tangi wavarwi. The dzokurwa kumativi muchina uye inosimbisa rakanga 20 neMM, uye nechemberi - 70 mm. The shongwe iri vakapakata kudzivirira ihombe: pamberi mugove 150 neMM, mativi uye neshure - 30 mm. Dvadtsativosmitonny tangi akaronga kushongedzera yakasimba injini 550 l. a.

The dzinonakidza kupfuura Chikamu muchina waiva neshongwe, iro rine swinging chikamu. Uyezve, vakakuvadza vhoriyamu vanosungirwa kushongedzera nemauto michina oga autoloader. Shure reshongwe akanga akaronga nenzvimbo mbiri dhiramu, vangadai vari anoshongwa, uyewo vachizvitakudza mutsetse chambering uye kugoverwa zvombo.

The shanduro tangi wechipiri KRV Emil akaronga kushandisa pfuti kupfuura simba uye gobvu nezvombo. Nechemberi aiva Ukobvu 145 neMM, mumwe bead - 60 mm. Weight michina kunge chakawedzera matani 38. The vakaronga inokwana injini akanga ari pamwero 665 litres. a.

The pfungwa yechitatu - yakaomesesa iri truest pfungwa shoko, nokuti muchina aifanira nokuyera matani 42 uye vane 810 fő injini. a. Padanho kudzivirirwa pane izvi zvakaramba saizvozvo pachake mota wechipiri.

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti uto Swedish, KRV Emil chirongwa haina korona yakanaka. Nezvinetso kukura uye nokuumba swinging shongwe kwakatungamirira kuti mauto Swedish vakasarudza kutenga yokumwe ano, saka dzehondo dzakanga British-akaita maoko kuna Sweden pamberi kutanga 2000s.

tangi Muparadzi

Breakfast Strv Tank 103 yaiva huru revarwi Unit Swedish warrior mauto ari Kuma1960. Chaizvoizvo, hazvina kudaro zvikuru munhu tangi, vangani murwi. Ari rusununguko dzakasiyana marongerwo, iyo kunoratidzwa pasina neshongwe uye hwakaoma mukomboni zvokushandisa pamwe nyaya. Nhungamiro pfuti akatakurirwa kutenderera uye zvinodiwa muchina muviri pamwe kuturika. Uyewo ndiwo tangi wokutanga panyika, izvo kuwedzera Diesel paakagadzwa uye gasi turbine injini.

The chombo of muchina - pfuti kubva 105 neMM, vatatu pfuti 7,62 neMM, mumwe Anti ndege pfuti, vaviri girinedhi chetyrehstvolnyh. The chikuru Injini iri Diesel K-60 inokwana marita 240. pamwe, uye kutsigirwa -. "Boeing-502" inokwana 330 litres. a.

Uyewo, kuti tangi aiva nouya chidhiraivho iri aft. Nokuda kwaizvozvo pane iri imwe redhiyo opareta anogonawo kushandisa muchina uye itakurwe nawo zvisizvo kana zvakakodzera.

Swedish purojekiti

Muna 1997, boka Hägglunds vakatanga chokusika tangi idzva Swedish. Chirongwa vakagamuchira bumbiro CV 90-120.

tangi iri kushandiswa pachishandiswa ari chassis BMP C90. Uyewo takawedzera chinokosha rumbabvu Rigidity, izvo akabvumira kuramba kutsiga muchina pashure vachiridzira 120 mm caliber kanoni. Zvisinei, nemhaka iyi yakanga yakati wakaderedzwa vakagwinya unongotaura.

Motor tangi - 8-humburumbira Scania Unit hwapedyo simba 640 l. S hutachiwana motokari -. Perkins X 300. Izvi zvinoita tangi ari muviri uremu matani 26 ane zvizere zvombo mhanyisa 70 km / h. The geometry pamusoro pamakwara uye nechepasi iri optimized motokari uri chando pamusoro. Mutyairi anogona kushandisa vatatu telescopic mano kuti kuona nzvimbo.

Swedish asingaoneki CV90120 tangi ane otomatiki chikafu zvemabhomba uye kuchaja hurongwa. The muchina anogona kuita kuti dzinenge 14 paminiti. Zvombo anoshongwa 45. Pfuti iri akashongedzerwa ane mudziyo chaiyo, kuita Absorção de Água ari zvichiguma utsi mushure vapfurwa.

Automatic Zvifambiso kubvumira shongwe kuti aite raundi kutenderera uye kufambisa mudziyo kuwanda - 8 kusvika +22 inegumi. The shooter anokwanisa kushandisa Laser rangefinder, kukanganiswa mudziyo, mumwe chafariz imager.

The Kusaoneka zviri tangi inopiwa ne chikumbiro Adaptiv masking hurongwa kushanda ari michini siyana.

Rokunze Chikamu Adaptiv - ndiro chete matanhatu pamakona. With vakadaro STRUCTURAL zvinhu tangi kwete chete zvinova usingaonekwi kune muvengi asi achigonawo vaunze inonzi phantom venhema, iro "kweva" Electronics. Kana zvakakodzera, muchina bhurandi ari aerosol gore kumativi pachavo, iyo inoita Kusaoneka chidzitiro kwemaminitsi anopfuura maviri. Inogona murwiyo akaenzana 300 litres.

Kunopiwa mumotokari uye zvemagetsi akamudzivirira, anofanira kuzivisa kuti vashandi kuti nzira yavo ndiyo ungwaru chikwata. Pashure paizvozvo zvinokwanisika sokuparadza zvakananga pamusoro vakawana unyanzvi, uye jamming.

mhedziso

Kudzokorora Iri pepfupikiso Swedish matangi. Yazvino haasi akamira, uye yezvinoreva kudzivirira indasitiri hakuna anosara. Matangi vanhasi - yepamusorosoro michina anogona kufamba nokukurumidza kuziva uye kuparadza muvengi.