Tanya Savicheva: Biography blockade dhayari uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Yekushandisa Leningrad musikana Tanya Savicheva pakuzivikanwa munyika ndatenda nyika kuti dhayari yake, izvo akaramba ari 1941 - 1942 biennium. panguva yokukombwa Leningrad. Bhuku rino wava mumwe chikuru zviratidzo Zviitiko zvinotyisa.

Place uye zuva rekuzvarwa

Tanya Savicheva akaberekwa musi waJanuary 23, 1930 mumusha muduku anonzi Dvorishche. Iyi nzvimbo yaiva pedyo Lake Peipus. Vabereki akamusimudza uye ndakarererwa Leningrad, uko iye apedza zvinenge zvose zvoupenyu hwake hupfupi. Sami mukuru Savichevs akabva kuchamhembe guru. Amai vomusikana Maria Ignatyevna akasarudza kubereka mune mumwe musha yokuti maigara mukoma wake, aiva murume aiva chiremba nenyanzvi. Iye akaridza basa rimwe nyamukuta uye vakabatsira zvakachengeteka pakuberekwa.

Tanya Savicheva aiva mwana rorusere yake guru uye ushamwari mhuri. Aiva mudiki hama dzangu dzose nehanzvadzi. Vatatu vavo vakafa asati aberekwa musikana ari mwana muna 1916, nokuda idenda nezvitsvuku nefivhiri. Saka, pakutanga pamusoro blockade Thani akasiya hanzvadzi vakura mbiri (Eugene uye Nina), uye mukoma (Leonidas uye Michael).

mhuri Savicheva

baba Tanya aiva Nepmen - kureva, aimbova muridzi. Kunyange tsarist nguva Nikolai Savitchev anazvo bhekari, confectionery uye kunyange cinema. Kana Bolsheviks vakauya simba, makambani aya vose nationalized. Nikolai Rodionovich kwete chete akarasikirwa zvose zvavo, asi vakava disenfranchised - nayo kutura kodzero dzokuvhota, somunhu kuvimbika munzanga.

Mumakore 30 mhuri Savicheva kunyange zvishoma adzingwa Leningrad, asi nokukurumidza vakakwanisa kudzokera chizvarwa kuguta rake. Zvisinei, ukapisa murwi zvose izvi Nicholas aisagona kudzivisa uye akafa muna 1936. vana vake vaisabvumirwa kudzidza kuyunivhesiti kana kubatana Communist Party. Hama nehanzvadzi dzechikuru vaishandira mafekitari siyana uye mabhizimisi kuti Leningrad. Mumwe wavo - Leonid, aifarira mumhanzi, ndokusaka imba Savicheva aiva mugove maturusi uye kunoramba akapfuura ngochani mudzidzi Concerts. Kunyanya muduku Tanya Vakavimba zvaiva babamunini vake Basil (mukoma baba).

Tanga blockade

Muna May 1941, Tanya Savicheva vakapedza 3 kirasi. Muzhizha mhuri aida kuenda musha wacho Court pazororo. Zvisinei, musi waJune 22, zvakazivikanwa pamusoro kurwisa German pamusoro Soviet Union. Zvino vose vakuru Savichevs akasarudza kugara Leningrad, uye kubatsira vari rwemberi Red Army. Varume vakaenda rinosarudza vokushandira muchiuto, asi vakanga akaramba. mukoma wangu Leonid aiva aiona akaipa, uye sekuru Vasily uye Alexei haana akakodzera zera. Michael chete akazviratidza muchiuto. Mushure kubatwa zviri muPskov vokuGermany muna July 1941 akava remagandanga murwi shure muvengi mitsetse.

Nina kwakaita Mukoma panguva iyoyo akaenda kuchera pemigero pedyo Leningrad, uye Jack vanotanga kuti vape ropa zvinodiwa kuwedzerwa vakuvara varwi. Blockade Diary Tani Savichevoy haana kuudza mashoko aya. Zviri mapfumbamwe chete mapeji ikodzere vasikana pfupi manotsi pamusoro porufu vavanoda. All chokuita neramangwana redu mhuri Savicheva pakuzivikanwa zvikuru gare gare, apo mwana dhayari yazova imwe huru zviratidzo kuti zvinotyisa blockade.

Rufu Eugene

Eugene akafa yokutanga mhuri Savicheva. It vasanyanya utano hwavo kwazvo nokuda dzose ropa mupiro achitandadza ropa. Uyezve, mukoma Tanya akaramba kushanda panguva fekitari. Dzimwe nguva iye akagara kuti arare imomo chaimo, kuti aponese simba pamusoro mamwe inochinja. Chokwadi raiva kuti panopera 1941 zvose mabhazi akamira ari Leningrad. It raiwanzobatana ndechokuti mumugwagwa kwakaita snowdrifts makuru, kuti hakuna munhu kuchenesa. Kuenda kubasa, Eugene aifanira kuenda ose zuva vachifamba madaro marefu anoverengeka makiromita. Stress uye kushaya zororo zvakanyanya kukanganiswa muviri wake. December 28, 1941 Eugene akafira mumaoko hanzvadzi yake Nina, uyo akauya kuzoshanyira naye pashure haina kuwana kumabasa. Ipapo chete blockade dhayari Tani Savichevoy kukasawedzerwa pamwe nhoroondo yokutanga.

Mukova rokutanga

Pakutanga, dhayari Tani Savichevoy kubva kukombwa Leningrad aiva mukabhuku hanzvadzi yake Nina. Akashandisa naye basa rake. Nina akanga akagadzira-draftsman. Saka wake bhuku rakanga hafu dzakapendwa siyana hwokugadzira ruzivo pamusoro boilers uye pombi.

Diary pamusoro Tani Savichevoy akatanga kusvika pakuguma chaipo. Chikamu chebhuku rechipiri rave yakakamurwa alphabetically nokuda nyore wekushandisa. Girl kuita nhoroondo yokutanga, akamira pamusoro peji, kwakaratidzwa pamwe tsamba "F". Kune dhayari Tani Savichevoy kubva rakakombwa Leningrad zvichengeteke zvachose kuyeuka kuti Jack akafa musi December 28 pa 12 am.

New 1942 ndipo

Pasinei chokwadi kuti atova mwedzi kwezvakatipoteredza vanhu vazhinji veguta wokutanga akafa, sezvinonzi hapana zvaitika kuramba blockade kuti Leningrad. Diary pamusoro Tani Savichevoy anokodzera ane manotsi shoma pamusoro kupfuura nezviitiko mhuri yake. The musikana akaita kupinda wake penzura kwakajairika wechitema.

Muna January 1942, mbuya vangu Tanya kwakaita rwaamai Evdokia Grigorevne Fedorova akabatwa chirwere dystrophy. chirevo ichi wava chinowanzoitwa pamba ose, ose imba, uye mhuri. In Leningrad vakadzivira migove vanobva kumatunhu pedyo, uye mudzimba mumatanda vari nokukurumidza kwezvinoshandiswa. Uyezve, vanhu vokuGermany tichibatsirwa mhepo rinopamura pakutanga kukombwa akaparadza hangars, apo yaichengetwa zviyo. Hazvishamisi kuti Tanya yekare mbuya-gore 74 okuberekwa vakafa kuneta pakati wokutanga. Akafa January 25, 1942, chete mazuva maviri pashure musi yokuberekwa vasikana.

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Next, mushure mbuya vakafa dystrophy Evdokia Leonid. In mhuri yake akanyatsoti kunzi Lekoy. jaya-makore 24 akanga vezera sezvo October Revolution. Akashanda nokuti Admiralty Shipyard. The kambani iri pedyo chaizvo kumba Savicheva, asi Leca anga achiri anenge kumbobvira ipapo, uye zuva nezuva, akararazve panguva zvebhizimisi kuti pazuva rechipiri kusuduruka. Leonid akafa musi 17 March. Diary pamusoro Tani Savichevoy akaramba mashoko pamusoro rufu mumwe mapeji aro.

Muna April, haana Sekuru Vasya, uye muna May - babamunini Vadim. baba Brothers Tanya vake akavigwa Piskarevsky. Mazuva matatu chete pashure Leschi mai vake babamunini akafa musikana Maria Savicheva. Zvino May 13, 1942. Ipapo Tanya akasiya mumagazini ake okupedzisira matatu vakanyoresa - "Savichevs akafa," "zvose vakafa", "Paiva nomumwe Tanya".

The musikana haana kuziva kuti Mike uye Nina akapona. The Mukoma yakarwisa pamberi uye aiva partisan, ndokusaka nezvazvo kwenguva refu nguva pakanga pasina nhau. Akava wevakaremara yorunyararo akatamira chete ari pawiricheya. Nina, achishanda ari ake Leningrad chirimwa akanga vakakurumidza anobviswa, uye haana kukwanisa nenguva ndizivise mhuri yake yoruponeso yake.

Sister pashure hondo yokutanga, akawana notibhuku ake. Nina ndikamutuma kuna pashoo, rinorondedzera mazuva umo paiva blockade kuti Leningrad. Diary pamusoro Tani Savichevoy pakuzivikanwa zvose pamusoro nyika chete iyoyo.

musikana kutsvakatsvaka

Pakafa amai vake Tanya akazosara ari oga. Chokutanga, iye akaenda vavakidzani Nikolaenko, vaigara muimba iyoyo pasi kumusoro. Baba mhuri iyi akaronga Thani wemariro ramai vake. The musikana pachake haana kukwanisa kupinda mhemberero, nekuti zvakanga simba. Zuva rakatevera, Tanya akaenda Evdokia Arsenieva, mwana wemunin'ina kuti mbuya vake. Achisiya kubva kumba, musikana akatora bhokisi iri yokuchengetera zvinhu zvakasiyana (kusanganisira rufu zvitupa uye mhuri Blog).

Woman rakapa kuitarisira pamusoro tuzvikanganiso Savicheva. Evdokia aishanda chirimwa uye kazhinji kusiya musikana woga kumba. Iye atambura nokushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri kunokonzerwa nokushayiwa zvokudya zvinovaka, ndokusaka kunyange veMubatanidzwa kwematsutso asina kuparadzaniswa nguo chando (sezvo zvamagara chills). Muna June 1942, Tanya akawana Vasily Krylov - old shamwari mhuri yake. Akakwanisa kuunza tsamba kubva Nina kwakaita mukoma, uyo akanga ari kubvisa.

kubvisa

Muzhizha 1942, Savicheva Tatyana Nikolaevna pamwe vachiri mazana vana vakatumirwa nherera muna Gorky mudunhu. Ikoko, neshure zvakanga njodzi. Dzinochengetwa mudonzvo guru. Asi pakazosvika nguva Tania utano akanga tariro vasanyanya. Akanga panyama aneta refu zvokudya. Uyezve, musikana akarwara neTB, ndokusaka zvakanzi kure nevamwe.

Child Health anopisa pasi zvishoma nezvishoma. Muchirimo 1944, akatumirwa vakwegura. Pane tibhii vakatamira pakupedzisira padanho mberi kwayo. Maperembudzi seari pasi dystrophy, huta Kuparara uye chakakuvara. The musikana akafa July 1, 1944. Mumazuva okupedzisira oupenyu hwake iye zvachose bofu. Saka, kunyange makore maviri pashure kubvisa yokuuraya vasungwa vavo blockade. Diary pakati Tani Savichevoy akava mupfupi, asi mumwe unoyevedza uye ndichibvunza uchapupu zvinotyisa vakatsungirira nevagari Leningrad.