Washington - maIndia American mumapani. History uye mifananidzo

Ndiani pauduku haana vasanyura kuverenga mabasa F. Cooper, Reid nevamwe vanyori vane enganonyorwa vakazara inonakidza adventures, magamba yakazova blednolitsye vakundi pamusoro Wild West uye maIndia chehondo Prairie. и, получили известность, как наиболее яркие представители этого уникального этноса. Vamwe vavo - Washington (maIndia), uyo kare anopfuura 170 nemakore iri chokuita ndine hondo kuzorwa kusvika navo uye budiriro, uye pakuzivikanwa sendarama chinopenya vamiririri dzinza iri nemamwe.

Vatsva of Mountains Rocky

Washington - Indian vagari North America kondinendi yepakutanga. mavambo yavo vanotora kubva kumaodzanyemba boka Shoshone - nemarudzi kurarama kamwe nechokumabvazuva mamiriro Wyoming. Kuongororwa panguva imwe nguva refu pasi, nhasi vari riri zvikurukuru pamusoro munharaunda Oklahoma.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti XVII-XVIII remakore, mugumisiro basa Colonisation vokuAmerica nevokuEurope akava misha madzinza Washington kubva kumabvazuva mezvikomo of Rocky Mountains (zvino kumadokero kweUnited States uye Canada) kusvika pamahombekombe North Platte River, ruchiyerera napakati mundima ano in Nebraska, Wyoming uye Colorado.

Around nguva ino, Washington akadzidza kushandisa mabhiza mabhiza, uye dzinongoita akavasundira pamusoro Resettlement. Maererano nedzimwe data, nhamba namarudzi pakutanga pakati XIX remakore yakasvika 10-12 zviuru. Man.

vakagadzirira kurwa vanhu

Kwenguva refu, masayendisiti kugona kusvika nekubvirana nezvemavambo zita worudzi Washington. Nezvenyaya iyi pane zvakasiyana pfungwa maonero, asi vakawanda chiri kuitira kuti rinobva Uto-Aztec shoko "Komantsev", iro rinoshandurudza se "vavengi" kana, kuti kunyatsoenderana - "The uyo nguva dzose vakagadzirira kurwa neni. "

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa Zvisinei, kuti shoko raJehovha Utah akasarudzwa kazhinji zvose vavakidzani vayo, uyo vakanga vari muhondo. Pakati pavo vaiva Kiowa, Cheyenne, Arapaho madzinza uye dzimwe vagere Prairie. Asi, kare, kuti avo chikuru vavengi vachiri Washington - maIndia, kuwedzera muridzi wayo kupambwa dzimwe nyika.

Nyoka, zvinokambaira pamusoro wake muhwezva

Characteristically Zvisinei, kuti iri rakakura kumaodzanyemba mumapani, pakati vamwe vavo vagari, kazhinji vachinzi Washington "nyoka." Mumwe kuitika vatungamiri vavo - Quanah Parker, kutungamirira tsanangudzo iyi ngano, inoudza sei rimwe zuva pamazuva akare vanhu vake vakaenda kundotsvaka itsva kuvhima nhandare. Zvakangoitikawo kuti musi nzira kutama kwavo kwakaonekwa muhomba, izvo zvinofanira kuenda, asi vazhinji maIndia akawana akangwara kudzoka nokuti Zvaidavirwa kuti havasi vose vachakwanisa uchatamisa mitoro ane refu dzokukwira.

At kanzuru dzedzinza ipapo mutungamiri vakavatsiura woumbwende uye christened nyoka, kudzokera shure muhwezva ake. Mune imwe shanduro maIndia anomanikidzwa ndidzose mhumhi vazhinji kuti vaigara munzvimbo idzodzo. Chero zvazvingava, zita remadunhurirwa rokuti wakasara, uye akanga vakanonga nevavengi vazhinji Washington.

risingaenzaniswi hondo

Pane pfungwa kuti, pakati pezvimwe madzinza Indian kuti kugarwa nharaunda kamwe kumaodzanyemba mumapani, zvikuru zvehondo Comanches vakanga chaizvo. Kubvira rwayo munyika idzi, vakanga dzose daka sezvo Redskins nevamwe vasungwa uye pamwe zvichiitika vatorwa akazotevera akacheneruka-nazvo.

Haasi masanga Washington akaburuka munhau sezvo kuzivikanwa varwi Southern Plains, nguva refu zvakatyisa ose kugara akamboda kugara mundima yavo. Tichishandisa uchinonoka Inoziva bhiza Kuda, munguva pfupi asvika kunyika yake unoshamisa unyanzvi. Nokukurumidza vokuIndia vakadzidza kushandisa uye vakawira mumaoko avo French pfuti, zvakarurama aiming uye reloading kujairwa nokukurumidza.

Kubva mukuru wemauto Ndangariro

US Army mukuru Richard Dodge, achishingaira muchirongwa Indian reHondo yechipiri yezana XIX remakore, muna netsamba dzake, akavati "Spartans ano." munyori anonyora pamusoro Washington maIndia, havana mapfumo asi wakasara kuvapo pfungwa kusvikira parufu rwake. Izvi zvinoshandawo nechiyero chizere, akati, uye vakadzi. Musi Southern Plains chete redhead Washington rudzi, akakwanisa kurwisa pakuwedzera dzakadzidzvinyirira chena kweanenge 170 makore.

Next Richard Dodge anonyora kuti, vachisarudza havo rufu pakutapwa, Comanches pachavo kumbotaurawo vasungwa vaya navo vakarwa. Aitofanira chete akaita vakadzi nevana. Uye kana mwana achiri zera vashomashoma, ipapo muritore adopts murwi, uye, kukura mumhuri itsva, akatanga kufunga iye ave baba vake. Kuwanda vatapwa izvi uye nevana vakura iri pakutsvaga mamiriro nhengo worudzi uye kunokwidziridza mabasa ake muhondo.

Maererano vakawanda akakurukura nevagari Southern Plains Redskins, Washington - maIndia varwi, kwete kunze panguva imwechete uye mabhizimisi unyanzvi. Muenzaniso ndiyo yainyanya hwaiitika kuti bhiza-kutengesa, ndiyo nguva nzira chikuru chokufambisa. Hazvina kunyanya kucherechedza, sezvo maIndia pachavo vave nyanzvi ruminant zvikuru paya pane mamwe marudzi mazhinji.

Kusanwa Wild West

Chimwe chinoratidza Washington ndiye kwavo kuramba categorical wokushandiswa doro. Chenhau - kutyorwa vaisafanira kwaenzaniswa navo zvikuru kwemhosva, uye mhosva pasi pakuomerera kurangwa, kusvikira kudzingwa. Vamiririri mamwe madzinza achida kutenga kubva paleface hama "mvura moto" vanongotevera akazvidzwa.

Panyaya iyi, rinozivikanwa TV emibvunzo mubvunzo: "Kubva chii chirwere Washington maIndia akashandisa tincture kuti mukonde?" Anoratidza mhinduro - a hangover, inoita njere uye muwisira muchikwata ngano. Teetotaler, sezvamunoziva, mumwe hangover haisi pangozi.

Five akazvimirira madzinza Washington

In ayo mamiriro Washington - maIndia, chinomirira kwete chete vanhu, asi ari muzvizhinji kuti vakaparadzana, vasingatungamirirwi mamwe madzinza nomumwe, rimwe nerimwe raiva munharaunda dzakawanda. dzokumaruwa dzidzo kupfuura vazhinji chete aiva zita rayo zvachose, achivabvumira nokudaro vakachengetedzwa muna mapeji enhau.

Pakupera ari XVIII remakore Spanish Colonisation ane chinokosha chikamu New Mexico, conventionally akavakamura, maererano mupenyu munzvimbo nhatu akazvimiririra matavi - kumaodzanyemba, kuchamhembe uye nechepakati. Kazhinji, vatsvakurudzi kuzivisa marudzi makuru mashanu kuti vaigara munharaunda South Plains yechipiri yezana XIX remakore uye vaiita penatekov, kotsotekov, nokoni, yamparikov uye kvahadi. Zvichava dzinonakidza kwazvo kugara nomumwe yemadzinza izvi.

On the "uchi anodya"

Zita rokutanga mapoka aya - penateki - rinoshandurwa kubva chizvarwa mutauro wavo kuti ave "uchi-pavanokarira." Nhasi zvakaoma kutaura, zvisiri pachena gastronomic predilections dzavo, kana kuri yaisanganisira mukati roga Huchidetemba dimikira. rudzi urwu zvinozivikanwa kuti kupfuura vazhinji pakati vamwe, uye kutanga akasangana dzakadzidzvinyirira chena.

How kuudza pachavo penateki, nguva mukutanga nguva wamadzibaba avo, dzichitama mhiri expanses ose Prairie, akatosvika kumaodzanyemba kuti Kubvira akarasika vaonane nevamwe Comanches. Zviya, mukurumbira wavo chinhu zvisingafi aizonyatsovachenesa - iri XIX remakore, pasinei kwayo achishora rusununguko, ivo nokushingaira vakabatsira US Army kurwisa vavakidzani vavo.

Fans ose bison uye nevavakidzani vavo akatambudzika

Next pachikwata wakapiwa pamusoro vari konsoteki. Kusiyana inonaka zino-penatekov, izvi zvaiva "pavanokarira bison", saka, zvinenge, rakashandurwa zita wedzinza ravo. Izvi Gourmet zvishoma zvinozivikanwa. Vakapona chete mashoko kuti vairarama pakati penzizi of Red River uye Rio Pecos, uye nhamba yavo yakasvika 7-8 zviuru. Man.

Vavakidzani vavo dzepedyo dziri maIndia nokoni rudzi. Musi Uto-Aztecan mitauro zvinoreva "vaya vakatendeukira". Nhengo worudzi zita chose wakarurama, nekuti vari kuramba vachidzungaira uye, maererano navose vakaita navo zvakasiyana kudzikama chaizvo hunhu. Panguva iyoyo, gavhuna New Mexico, akanyora kuti vanogona kusangana, kazhinji munzvimbo pakati penzizi Arkansas uye Red River, uye kuti ndivo nechepakati bazi veko Washington.

mamwe madzinza maviri inoenderana

About rudzi yampariki (pavanokarira Yampa River) rinogonawo kuudza zvishoma. Vakararama pamhenderekedzo akati rwizi, uye vose Washington maIndia rudzi urwu ndiwo chaizvo militancy kuti akava chikonzero kwavo kugara kurwisana nevamwe.

Uye pakupedzisira, vokupedzisira mapoka aya - kvahadi. Zita iri rakashandurwa kuti "mhuka", uye akapiwa masanga, kubva kurudzi Vaidzungaira huru mumapani, ari kufarira dzinogarisana mhuka idzi.

Mufananidzo maIndia yazvino mutsika dzakakurumbira

With nguva Wild West American maIndia vaigaramo haana achiburuka kubva mumapeji ushingi enganonyorwa. vatambi vavo vava kugara Apache, Iroquois, magikane uye, chokwadi, Comanches. MaIndia - uyu chine vatambi vane ushingi mafirimu. Pakati pavo akamira panze uye dzawana mukurumbira zvikuru Genre - kumadokero, kusanganisira nyaya, iyo inokosha vechikamu ane Cowboy uye maIndia vanogara prairies dzomusango. Most nomukurumbira nguva yake yakatengwa mabhaisikopu pamusoro maIndia - "Washington Moon," "Chingachgook - The Great Snake", "Mackenna kuti Gold" uye vamwe vakawanda.

The varwi dzekare

Original photos Washington maIndia, akaisa munyaya, akaita kunyanya mukupera XIX remakore, uye izvi zviri vokuAmerica vari mazvinogara. Nhasi zvizvarwa aimbova varidzi Prairie anogona kuwanikwa, sezvo ambotaurwa munyaya ino, munharaunda iri State of Oklahoma, apo vagara zvikuru akasarudzwa kwavari pamusoro ndishushikane. Avo vasingagoni kana asingadi kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu yebudiriro ano, Nokuchengeta nzira yekare upenyu uye kuti mari yakanaka nokuva chikamu ushanyi indasitiri.