Biome - chii ichi?

Patsanura zvinhu zvipenyu panyika, masayendisiti akaedza kwenguva refu. Asi nekuda kuwanda bezrangovsti uye zvakasikwa zvinhu zvipenyu kuti patsanura ose gandwa uye jecha Dunes rayo mararamiro, hazvibviri. Dzezvakatipoteredza, kwakasarudzwa kuti patsanura wemishonga vakawanda zvinhu zvipenyu - biomes.

Biome - chii ichi?

Tinonzwa zvakawanda pamusoro zvakasiyana biomes, asi vashoma vedu sei kuti zvakarurama inozivikanwa neshoko. Kazhinji kacho, biome - hombe utachiona maitiro ayo ekunze. ino kunoratidzwa chikuru yemiti mairi, kana yakanaka. Pane tsanangudzo sezvo terrariums biomes. Izvi zvinoreva chero zvicherwa, matanda, mhuka anobudiswa mundima yayo. Somuenzaniso, mashoko biome masango Deciduous - hunodzorwa Deciduous miti. Kana howa biome - munzvimbo ine nyorova ezvinhu akakodzera kuti upenyu hwakasiyana mhando notumwe vavo spores. Kana isu kufamba kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira neequator, unogona kuona zvose zvikuru biomes.

Vangani zvikuru biome?

Chii vakatonga biomes uye chii nhamba yavo? Zvipenyu dzinoti mapfumbamwe zvikuru biomes panyika. First biome - ndiye Tundra, wechipiri - the taiga. Next biome pakati Deciduous masango ari okunze rokufambira, biome inowanzorimwa chaparol (Mediterranean kasvisto), gwenga, dzinopisa mapani, minzwa (achinaya) nemasango, uye rechipfumbamwe biome - a Tropical rainforest. Mumwe nomumwe ane mazvake okunze, zvinomera uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. ndima Separate, chegumi anogona kusiyanisa nokusingaperi chando - chando biome.

Tundra uye Taiga

Tundra - mumwe biome pamwe Perennial plants. It anopindura dzakawanda kuchamhembe Eurasia uye North America. Zvayaiva pakati kumaodzanyemba masango uye polar chando nguwani. The kure chando achinaya mvura, kuti treeless nzvimbo anova yakakura. Conditions upenyu pamusoro achinaya mvura nehasha, asi pasinei ichi, pane anorarama kwazvo pemhuka dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvinomera. Tundra iri kunyanya akanaka mumwaka yezhizha. It akafuka gobvu paiva zvakasvibirira, ndiwo mahombekombe panopinda shiri dzinotama uye mhuka. Hwaro chirimwa nyika - a lichen, Moss. Rare vari kukakanganiswa Woody miti. The chikuru ugere achinaya mvura - poro. Vakawanda makava, hares uye voles. Imwe mugari - a lemming. Izvi zvisikwa shoma akaita zvakaipa chaizvo achinaya mvura. mhuka idzi kudya rakaita sei asina kupfuma achinaya mvura uswa, zvisina kukwanisa kusimuka nokukurumidza. Nokuda kwokushayiwa zvokudya zvakakanganisa mhuka umambo hwose biome.

Taiga - coniferous biome (kuchamhembe) masango. Zvinowanikwa iri kuchamhembe hemisphere, zvinotora inenge gumi muzana yose nyika. Chinenge hafu yendima inogarwa mamwe larch, miti - ndiwo vanoondoroka, spruce, omusipiresi. Kune shoma uye hardwood - Birch uye alder. Mhuka huru - Elk uye nondo (kubva herbivores), makuru zvikara: mhumhi, yokuSpain, the marten, mink, Sable uye wolverine. A nhamba huru uye dzakasiyana nemakonzo - kubva voles kuti nhuta. Amphibians vanogara pano viviparous, ichi imhaka pfupi muzhizha, nokuti iyo hakuna mukana kuti vakuchidzire zviri batira. Saizvozvowo kune huru vomumuzinda taiga anorondedzera hwari.

Deciduous masango uye inowanzorimwa

Deciduous masango dziri hwomutambarakede munzvimbo ine okunze. Izvi vainyanya kumabvazuva USA, Central Europe uye chikamu Asia. Pano, mumwe yakakwana kuwanda mwando, utsinye chando chakanyanyisa uye refu inodziya yechirimo. Miti inokosha biome - Deciduous: padurunhuru, pomuouki, Beech, Linden uye mumeporo. Meet uye Conifers - spruce, nemipaini uye Redwood. Pane zvakanaka dzakabudirira kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. A-siyana pazvikara Zvikara katsi, mapere, makava. A vakawanda nemabheya yenondo, chamatebwe, nemakonzo uye shiri.

Inowanzorimwa. Hwaro biome iyi prairies pamusoro North America uye Asian inowanzorimwa. Hapana zvaida yakawanda kwemvura, izvo zvingava zvinokwana kukura miti, asi yakakwana ngaarege fomu mumarenje. Mune steppes kuNorth America, zvakasiyana-siyana zvikuru herbaceous zvinomera uye rekushongedzesa. Kune yakaderera-kukura (kusvika hafu), vakavhengana mishonga (kusvika mamita matanhatu) uye varefu (chirimwa zvasvika munhu nekukwirira makubhiti matatu). Altai Mountains Asian steppes rakakamurwa okumabvazuva uye vokumadokero. Idzi akapfuma manyowa unodyarwa zvachose zviyo, uye yakakwirira nzvimbo chakatorwa kuti uswa pamafuro. All mhuka zvinetsoka hoofed kare dzaichengetwa. Uye mhuka Vagari steppes - Coyotes, makava uye mapere kunge dzakashandisa kurarama murunyararo munharaunda nevanhu.

Chaparol uye gwenga

uswa Mediterranean rakatora nharaunda yakapoteredza Gungwa reMediterranean. Kuchipisa chaizvo, akaoma yechirimo uye muchitonhorera dzechando dzakakwirira mwando. Huru chirimwa pano - ndiyo mumakwenzi neminzwa, ane akapfuma munhuwi uswa, miriwo pamwe hobvu vaima mashizha. Miti haagoni kukura kazhinji nokuda kwemamiriro okunze. Chaporol inozivikanwa uwandu nenyoka uye dzvinyu vakawana pano. Kune mapere, nondo, bobcats, Cougars, tsuro uye, chokwadi, kangaroos (mukati Australia). Kakawanda moto kudzivisa nechisimba murenje, kunobatsirawo pasi (kudzokera kunyika zvinokurisa), izvo zvakanaka kukura rekushongedzesa nemiti.

The mugwenga ruoko pfuma yavo kune chimwe muzvitatu zvachose panyika nzvimbo. It inoremekedzwa pasi dzisinganayi nyika dzenyika, apo wegore kunayisa Falls asingasviki maviri namakumi mashanu millimeters. Chero gwenga inopisa (Sahara Atacama Asuan and said.), Uye pane Mugwenga apo yechando mhepo tembiricha anodonhedza kuti kubvisa madhigirii maviri. Uyu ndiye Gobi gwenga. Typical nokuti murenje sand, vakashonga mabwe, matombo. Zvinomera riri sparse, pamwaka, zvikurukuru cacti uye spurge. The fauna of ine zvisikwa zviduku zvinogona kuvanda pasi mabwe kubva zuva. Mikuru mhando ngamera anogara pano chete.

Tropical biomes

Savannah - iri nzvimbo huru ine gobvu uswa uye kashoma miti chete. Ivhu pano rakanyatsojeka sparse, hunodzorwa uswa hurefu uye milkweed uye miti - BAOBAB uye nomuti. In nemapani inogarwa mapoka makuru ezvipfuwo zvinetsoka hoofed: mbizi, mvumba nemhara. nhamba akadaro mumwe herbivorous akasawanikwa kumwe. Kuwanda herbivores uye rakanga rukuru nezvikara. Zviri musha cheetahs, shumba, mapere, ingwe.

Minzwa AZHUTHA riri South uye South-West Africa. Pane Deciduous isingawanzowanikwi miti, noshamisa minzwa pamakwenzi.

Anofukidza zvinowanikwa South America, West Africa, Madagascar. Constant mukuru mwando inosimudzira kukura makobvu uye hombe zvirimwa. masango aya tisvike tsoka makumi mashanu pakukwirira. Pane ari kukura Rafflesia Arnoldi - ndicho kupfuura ruva munyika. Ivhu murombo munzvimbo dzinopisa, zvikuru zvokudya zviri kusimbiswa hunotovapo zvirimwa. An watemwa pagore akawandisa dzinopisa aya pashure pamakore makumi mashanu anogona kutsamwisa kupfuura chinzvimbo chaivo njodzi.