Chii mwando reshiyo uye sei kutsunga?

The kwemvura zvakasikwa - ndiyo imwe pezvakaitwa inokosha iri nenzvimbo hamvuropu. Kwakavakirwa - chokuita maviri pezvakaitwa: ichinyongovedza panyika kunayisa uye kwemvura kwazviri kuti mhepo unyoro. Vaviri azvaiitwa iri chaiyo kutsunga moisturizing chinoita kuti imwe ndima. Chii mwando reshiyo uye sei kurondedzera? Izvi ndizvo zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino pepa chena.

moisturizing chinhu: Definition

ndima Humidification uye kwemvura ine mwando kubva ayo panyika munyika yose muna anawo nzvimbo. Zvisinei, mubvunzo kuti iri dampening chinhu munyika dzakasiyana munyika vanosangana nenzira dzakatosiyana. Uye pfungwa iri Pfungwa yakadaro unogamuchirwa munyika dzose. Somuenzaniso, izvi "kunayisa-kwemvura reshiyo" muUnited States, kuti rinogona sezvariri kushandurwa se "Index (reshiyo) wetting uye kwemvura."

Asi zvakadaro, chii chiri dampening chinhu? Iri chaicho ukama pakati chitsama kunonaya uye kwemvura pamwero munzvimbo ino chaiyo munguva. The yemaitiro nokuti pakuverenga reshiyo iri nyore chaizvo:

K = G /,

apo Q - yakawanda kunonaya (mu millimeters);

A uye - kukosha kwemvura (uyewo millimeters).

Various Nzira kuti Pakusarudza reshiyo

Sei kuona mwando chikonzero? Parizvino, pane anenge 20 dzakasiyana-siyana.

In nyika yedu (uyewo yaimbova Soviet Union), zvikuru inowanzoshandiswa nzira dzokuziva yaida Georgiem Nikolaevichem Vysotskim. Ichi chinhu wokuUkraine musayendisiti kunoshamisa, geobotanist uye ivhu musayendisiti, muvambi sayenzi dondo. Panguva hwake akanyora anopfuura 200 mapepa yesayenzi.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti muEurope uye muUnited States vanoshandisa Tortveyta chikonzero. Zvisinei, nzira kwayo kukarukureta zvikuru kunzwisisa uye ine zvainovhiringidzawo ayo.

Kutsunga of chinhu

Kuti tizive mwero kuti imwe nzvimbo hakuna kuoma. Funga nzira iyi muenzaniso inotevera.

Akapiwa nzvimbo, nokuti izvo unoda ngaaverenge coefficient kuti ichinyongovedza. Zvinozivikanwa kuti nokuti gore munzvimbo iyi anogamuchira 900 mm kunonaya, asi runopwa kubva panguva iyoyo nguva - 600 mm. Kuverenga reshiyo inofanira kugoverwa kunayisa pamusoro kwemvura, i.e. 900/600 mm. Somugumisiro, isu kuwana kukosha 1.5. Izvi zvichava dampening chikonzero kundima.

Ivanov-dampening chinhu Vysotskiy angava akaenzana kubatana, kuti pazasi kana kupfuura 1. Nokudaro kana:

• K = 0, ipapo mwando nharaunda anonzi zvakakwana;
• K mukuru 1, zvakawandisa mwando;
• K idukusa 1, ari kukwana hydration.

Kukosha chokukomborerwa ichi Chokwadi, achaita kuvimba tembiricha iri imwe nzvimbo, uyewo uwandu mumhepo kunayisa mugore.

Sei kushandisa moisturizing chikonzero?

Ivanov-chinhu Vysotsky - ichi chinhu chinokosha zvikuru chokukomborerwa okunze. Handiti anokwanisa kupa mufananidzo mvura munzvimbo. reshiyo ichi kunokosha kuti pave zvokurima, uyewo kunopindirana kuronga zvoupfumi ndima.

Rinotaurawo anosarudza padanho kuoma kwezvinhu okunze: dzakanga ndiko, okunze ndiko nyorovera. Munzvimbo zhinji mwando yagara zvakawanda madziva uye wetlands. Zvinomera zviri hunodzorwa uswa uye dondo uswa.

Kufadza tsika coefficient unhu nokuda dzemakomo (kupfuura 1000-1200 mamita). Pano, somunhu mutemo, pane zvinopfuura mwando, izvo zvinogona kusvika 300-500 millimeters pagore! Zvakafanana mumhepo mwando unowana inowanzorimwa mapazi kuti gore. Coefficient kuti mwando munzvimbo gomo kusvikira kufadza tsika: 1.8-2.4.

Kunwisa mwando iri kuchengetwa yepanyama taiga, achinaya mvura, masango anogara achinaya mvura uye vakadzikama masango Deciduous. Munzvimbo idzi, hapana anopfuura 1,5 reshiyo. Musango nharaunda nayo anoda kubva 0,7 kusvika 1.0, asi ari inowanzorimwa mapazi yave kukwana ichinyongovedza nharaunda (K = 0.3-0.6).

Minimum tsika wetting chinoratidza nharaunda Semi-mugwenga (anenge 0.2-0.3) uye kuti gwenga wenharaunda (0.1).

Coefficient kuti mwando muRussia

Russia - nyika rakakura, izvo dzinoratidzwa zvakawanda okunze. Kana isu kutaura hydration reshiyo, ukoshi hwayo mukati Russia zvinosiyana zvikuru kubva 0.3 kusvika 1.5. Chinonyanya shomanana mwando akaona reCaspian mudunhu (anenge 0.3). Iri inowanzorimwa uye masango-inowanzorimwa mapazi ari zvishoma yakakwirira - 0.5-0.8. Kunonyanyisa hydration mamirire-achinaya mvura nharaunda, uye nokuda dzine gomo Caucasian, Altai Ural Mountains.

Zvino munoziva kuti dampening chinhu. Uyu zvikuru chinokosha chakarurama, iyo anobatsira basa rinokosha kuti kukura National zvoupfumi uye kurima. chinhu ichi zvinoenderana netsika maviri uwandu kunonaya uye evapotranspiration eThe pamusoro chaiyo kwenguva.