Alkenes - a kemikari yeHydrocarbon hunhu, une ayo mamiriro rimwe chisungo kaviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene, pentene, hexene, heptene uye nevamwe. Kushandiswa alkenes Ndiwo zhinji nzvimbo indasitiri, uyewo nokuda National upfumi hwenyika.
Nokuda mukuru reactivity of yeimwe vane miviri chisungo, vari kushandiswa nevakawanda sezvo mbishi zvinhu makemikari indasitiri. Funga kushandisa alkenes ethylene muenzaniso. Ethylene amire pakutanga ari homologous munhevedzano alkenes inoshandiswa kugadzira ethylene glycol, iro zvinozoita inoshandiswa kugadzira chakaita zvokugadzirwa fibers Dacron, antifreezes, zvinoputika. Nzvimbo inokosha iri kushanda anoita ethylene polymerization. It Anomhanyira yakakwirira tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa. Polymerizing ethylene Anoumba polyethylene iro rinoshandiswa sepokutangira pagadzirwe mapurasitiki, chakaita zvokugadzirwa rubbers uye mafuta. Polyethylene pfupi macromolecules imvura mafuta. Kana nhamba vezvikwata zviri morekuru polyethylene 1.5-3 zviuru, zvino zvinokwanisika kugadzira Mabhokisi firimu, hombodo, epurasitiki midziyo. By kuwedzera cheni kureba zvishanu zviuru zvitanhatu polyethylene anova yakasimba, vafuke zvinhu iro kugadzirwa mutopota Fittings. Vamwe alkenes vanoitwa vakazvigadzirirwa polymerization kuti chakaita zvokugadzirwa fibers. High simba polypropylene ane ehupfumi zvinobva propene.
Kuita ethylene pamwe rehydrogen chloride ethyl chloride aumbwa, iro rinoshandiswa mushonga vemo yokutindivadza. Kushandiswa alkenes chiri chokuita nemano avo sei nemvura kuumba alcohols. Saka, muna nedanho ethylene hydration kuita inotengwa ethyl doro. Vakawana kushandiswa ravo sezvo mbishi zvokuvakisa kugadzirwa Organic yeimwe, lacquers, mapurasitiki, uye zvizorwa maindasitiri zvinoreva alkene oxide, izvo aumba kubva yeimwe pamwe kaviri chisungo munguva oxidation kwezvinhu mumhepo okisijeni. Somugumisiro kuwedzera maitiro alkenes uye halogen-haloalkanes vakagadzirira. Saka, dichloroethane kubva ethylene rinogadzirirwa, iro rinoshandiswa senzira solvent kukurumidza pendi uye varnishes, decontaminating matura, ivhu, zviyo, uye somunhu namira kuti chisungo mapurasitiki. The mbishi mashoko pagadzirwe acetic acid, ethyl benzene, styrene uye vazhinji nevamwe kutengeswa kukosha makemikari sezvo ethylene. Chemical ehupfumi kuona kwayo kwakaita chikumbiro sepokutangira zvose izvi zvinhu. High reactivity nokuda kuvapo miviri chisungo. Uyezve siyana mune alkenes kuitika panguva kaviri chisungo. Zvinoguma kukamurwa π-kukurukurirana uye dzidzo panzvimbo yayo miviri σ-zvisungo.
Kushandiswa alkenes hakungoitwi kushandisa kwavo sezvo mbishi mashoko nenhamba yakakura kwazvo yeimwe. Somuenzaniso, ethylene rinoshandiswa storages, uye mune greenhouses kuwedzera ichiibvira michero uye miriwo, uyewo chirimwa kukura regulator.