Ndechipi rungano, uye chii chinosiyanisa kubva mamwe mabhuku Genres

Pataisvika chete nokuvhuvha, mai kana mbuya akatiudza pamusoro huku-Ryaba uye kolobok. Kana isu akakura zvishoma, tinoverenga pamufananidzo mumabhuku. Takabva akatarisa katuni pamusoro Snow White uye Dwarfs Seven, Cinderella uye Vasilisa vachenjeri. Zvino yava nguva inouya, uye tikadisisa kumedza "1001 neusiku" kana "Panchatantra" akarinda "Shrek" hakusati kuibva rakadaro Multi-dimensional mabasa akadai "manheru ari Farm pedyo Dikanka". Asi akanga mumwe chete mabhuku uri muchimiro KuMasiye. Saka, chii chinonzi rungano?

Sezvingatarisirwa, izvi nyaya chiitiko chaizvoizvo akanga asiri. Asi kubva renyaya Genre izvi zviri zvakasiyana pakuti haazviti nderechokwadi. Iye zvakafanorongwa zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika anotipa kunzwisisa kuti haisi ari mashoko akarurama, uye nhoroondo netsika ( "Mune rimwe umambo," "Nokuti mambo pizi"). In iyi yakasiyana ngano kuti rinotiudza cosmogony, theogony uye dzezvakaitwa magamba (kufanana Hercules). Epics, sagas uye ngano, pasinei nyaya yake naka, kutaura mhuka uye zvakafanana, udza nyaya vanhu akavasika. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye munhu rungano, asi chibereko zvakafanana vanhu?

Uyezve, iyi mabhuku Genre pakarepo anotaura nhoroondo inaccuracy zviitiko, zviito mumwe kuzviomesera ushe: Unobata zvakanaka uye zvakaipa akatambura Fiasco wakakwana. Kana nyaya inoguma zvakaipa - ichi ndicho chimwe, kunyange zvazvo zvakafanana Genres. Zvisinei, chinangwa chavo chiri raibuda pamusoro zvakapembererwa zvombo Hero (był, bylina) kana prepodnesenie netsika (semuenzaniso, ngano pamusoro Bere negwayana). Chimwe maitiro chaizvo chinhu Genre uyu kuti nyaya zvakarurama. Nhoroondo iri nyore, zvishoma mano, rinongoshandisirwa huru mutambi. Kuti tinzwisise kuti rungano, kwakadaro rubatsiro vacho vari kana oga zvakaipa kana zvachose zvakanaka. No kufungisisa kwouzivi pfungwa kukanda uye napakusuka catharsis mumabhuku ichi zvikasaitika.

Philologists vanodavira kuti wekutanga munhoroondo yevanhu paiva nyaya mhuka. Kunyange kana vanhu vanowana zvokudya zvavo kuvhima, kubva kumarudzi namarudzi akapfuura mudiki mukuru Zvakaitika tsika mhuka. The gava anogara runonyengera, imbwa - akavimbika, asi benzi bheya, nepo shumba vakashinga uye asingatyi. Zvino achabatira tarenda rondedzero, uko mabhuku chimiro hutsva nyaya anogona kuona tsika chaidzo uye tsika dzavanhu. Asi folktale anochengeta kusazivana nemunyori, zviri yakabwinyiswa kwemazana emakore uye mukwanisi mashoko siyana nekudetemberwa. Vanhu vakakwira pamwe vamwe vatambi uyo "famba" kubva mumwe nyaya tarenda: shato misoro mitatu, Baba Yaga, Bag mafupa.

Muzana XVII remakore ane Genre itsva - mabhuku rungano. utsva Its kunoratidzwa chokuti, mukuwedzera kune rakajeka mumwe werudzii nemunyori, nyaya dzakadaro angava wokufananidzira, rhyming (somuenzaniso, AS Pushkin kwakaita rengano). Chefuma nyika mabhuku wakashongedzerwa Ngano Sharlya koira, Hama Grimm, Andersen, Hauff nevamwe. Munyori basa chinogona kubatanidzwa kunzvimbo chaiyo uye nguva, (Schwarzwald Grimm, Dikanka Gogol), asi hapana munhu ari musoro haapindi hanya nyaya se tsanangudzo zvimwe zviitiko. Iye anofarira, hypnotizes ake zvisingafungidziriki akanaka nyaya.

Nekuti rungano, uye nei isu vachikura kuti retell nyaya idzi nemudrenyh vana venyu? Mavari, zvisinei pachena primitiveness, makateya nezivo pamusoro nyika, tsika imperatives, nheyo kwetsika. Saka mwana anotanga kuongorora zvose uye munzanga achararama. Pashure pezvose, hazvishamisi vanoti: "rungano - nhema, saka zvechokwadi, zvakanaka vamwe - chidzidzo." Nenzira, kusvikira XIX remakore, rokuti dzikapupurira pakatarisana ano pfungwa. Ivo yakadana chaiyo mazita uye tsananguro akanaka chinhu. A Genre iyo inotaura pamusoro wamambo-datya kana kurarama musango kutya, akashevedza ngano kana koshuna.