Ndezvipi nzizi hakuzi Atlantic bheseni kuRussia? Nzizi kuAtlantic Ocean: zvawanyora

Kuti tipindure mubvunzo chii nzizi ndezvaJehovha mudziyo wokushambidzira muAtlantic Ocean, unogona kunyora zhinji nzizi Europe, Russia uye North America. Asi nokuti yakakurisa list, tinoona dzemvura chete inoyerera kuburikidza nyika yedu.

River bheseni pakati Atlantic Ocean muna Russia, zvakare, tiri vazhinji kwazvo, dzinopfuura 3 dhazeni. Most ane diki vhoriyamu zvaimutambisira, uye pakati zvikuru waterways anogona kutaurwa akadai Kuban, Don uye Neva. Uyezve munyaya ino isu ichatsanangura chii nzizi ndezvaJehovha Atlantic bheseni pakati pakukura Russia, uye ndichapa rondedzero.

Mighty rwizi Don

Kana kutarira pamepu Eurasia, zviri nyore kupindura mubvunzo, chinotaura kuti rwizi wamashekeri yeAtlantic Ocean, uye panguva imwecheteyo ndiyo kupfuura pakati zororo.

Don rinobva muna Tula nharaunda, nenyika nechokuchamhembe chikamu yakakura Central Russian Upland. Kwenguva refu akaramba mubvunzo yakazaruka pamusoro kwakatangira ichi rwizi simba. Vamwe geographers vaidavira kuti rwizi yakatangwa muna Lake Ivan, vamwe - muna Novomoskovsk Dam. Pari vaongorori vakasvika pakugumisa kuti panobva Don River ndiye Urvanka, iyo inoyerera pedyo Novomoskovsk.

The rwizi ayambuka miganhu gumi kunzvimbo Russian (Kursk, Belgorod, Orel, Tula, Ryazan, Tambov, Penza, Saratov, Volgograd, Lipetsk, Voronezh uye Rostov kumatunhu) uyewo nhatu Ukrainian (Kharkov, Donetsk, Lugansk nharaunda).

General unhu

Rwizi anenge 1.870 km uye bheseni nzvimbo - 420,000 mativi makiromita. Don chinoyambuka inowanzorimwa uye dondo inowanzorimwa munyika dzine, uye hunhu waro kosi zvinenge zvose pamwe - zvishoma uye nemaune, zvikuru chakakombama.

gang ichi runoyerera nzizi pamusoro 5.200 duku, uyewo kuwanda hova. Pakati rechibharo makuru anogona kunzi uye nenzizi dzakadai Atlantic bheseni pakati Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Akanyarara uye Quick Pines, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Bear, Black Kalitva, Beautiful Sword Bityug, dzomuArctic dzinonzi chir, Ilovlya, Osered, Sal nevamwe.

Don mainozonodira muGungwa Azov munzvimbo muGulf of Taganrog. Gungwa Azov, akavapindurawo, nomuGungwa Black uye reMediterranean, kuburikidza Kwazvo, runoyerera kupinda Atlantic Ocean.

Kodzero bhengi Don akapeta, iri hombe, dzine mabwe uye chalky deposits pamawere uye precipitous. Wakasiya kubhangi Kusiyana neizvi, ndiye sandara uye flat hunhu. Kuruboshwe divi bheseni ane vakawanda madhamu uye wetlands. Rwemichinjiko zvinganaka Deciduous, chakakanyiwa kana softwood. Munzvimbo inowanzorimwa - kumafuro uswa.

rwizi nzvimbo

Don rakakamurwa zvitatu huru - the Upper, Middle uye Lower. Yokumusoro Chikamu rinoenderera kunobva muromo Akanyarara Pine. Panguva ino pane chinonyanya nokukurumidza munguva vakasangana Mangondo whirlpools. chiduku kudzika rwizi - kusvika 1.5 m, asi kune zvakadzama nzvimbo. chikamu ichi kuwa muna makuru Don zvakanaka rechibharo matatu (Pine, Beautiful Sword Nepryadva) uye yokuruboshwe (Voronezh).

The pakati Chikamu Don mberi kusvikira Tsimlyanskoe Dam. Pano, nokuti nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva, avhareji kudzika anenge 1.5 m. In mvura zvikuru ndiye 15 m. In dzoruwa ichi rikawira zviviri zvikuru rechibharo zvakanaka (Black Kalitva uye Bogucharka) mana kuruboshwe (Bityug, Bear, Hopper, Ilovlya ). Ndirwowo vosmidesyatikilometrovy Volga-Don Canal, dzaibatanidza maviri makuru nzizi Russian.

Rezasi chikamu Don zvakadzamisisa. Kudzika whirlpools pano kunosvika 17 m. Pashure muguta Rostov-on-Don rwizi Delta kunotanga. Muchikamu ichi, rakakamurwa kuva muzvizhinji kuti ducts. Remasangano navo - asi Seversky Donets (kurudyi), uye Sal, Manych (kuruboshwe divi). Pakarepo Don mainozonodira muGungwa Azov.

Water hurumende, fauna of hove

The rwizi dzinowanzotsigi- chikafu chando. Snow mupiro anenge makumi manomwe muzana uye vamwe chinomiririrwa pasi mvura uye kunonaya. The rwizi yakafukidzwa chando kubva pakutanga December kusvika March / pakutanga April. In Zvakasara gore, nepakati uye ezasi Don navigable (zvachose urefu navigable ndechokuti vanenge zviuru 1,6. Km).

Ichthyofauna Don kuzhinji chaizvo. Pano, vakawanda zvinowanikwa mhuka dzakadai bream, Rudd, kabhu, roach, kabhu, kujeka, knot, sabrefish, Pike muramba, knot, Catfish, Ide, et unto. Panguva zviri kukonzera rwizi kushanyirwa Sturgeon, apo kuvakwa dura Tsimlyanskoe akasangana kunyange beluga. Industrial dzikabata chinoshayikwa, uye hove kwave kunyanya vomunzvimbo.

Kuban

Kuban River anoberekwa ari confluence rokutsanya zvokukurumidzira hova maviri gomo - Uskulan uye Ullukan. panotangira ayo chikafu mazizaya yokuGomo Elbrus. The zvachose Kureba Kuban anenge 0,87 zviuru. Km, uye zvakare runoyerera muGungwa Azov.

Rwizi anoshandura hunhu waro kubva okumusoro inosvikira rezasi rinosvika. At pamusoro Kuban - chaiwo gomo rwizi, nezvose zvaiva - matombo mumipata, pamawere, dzimwe nguva kumawere, mipata yakadzika, Mangondo inonetsa.

Pashure guta Cherkessk hunhu kuchinja ayo, mumupata akawedzera, uye kuerera anova kudzikama zvikuru kuyerwa uye. Mawere kuva munyoro zvakasikwa. Pakati uchingodzikira chikamu Kuban njanji iri twisty chaizvo. Mumupata rwizi mugove vakadzi vakura. Remasangano kwavari - Lake Old Kuban.

A makiromita zana kubva confluence pamwe Sea Azov, rwizi yakakamurwa, achiumba hosipaipi nhatu huru - mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka, Cossack uye Erik Petrushin ruoko.

Water Kuban muoti

Mugore rwizi nenzizi kuona 7-8, kupfuura zhinji zvacho uye chirimo, pamwe zhizha mafashamo akasimba kupfuura yechirimo. Izvi imhaka yomwaka kunyunguduka chando uye mazitombo echando ari eCaucasus.

River kuyerera munenge 12-13 cubic makiromita mvura pagore, apo, nokuda yakawanda yakaturikwa nezvishoma, rwizi anodonhedza muGungwa Azov, vanenge mamiriyoni 4 matani emadhaka pagore.

Ice pabutiro uri kusagadzikana rwizi. Zvichakadaro nguva rwizi chando pabutiro anobva mwedzi mumwe matatu gore, asi haina gwamba iri inodziya makore.

No chando bemhapemha, nokuda yakakwirira chokubuda velocity chokumusoro chikamu rwizi.

Meals Kuban chinoumbwa mvura, echando uye pasi Inopa. Its rwizi hurongwa inoumbwa 14 zviuru nzizi, kazhinji kacho zvinoita asara kubhengi vabati vechibharo. Izvi, zvinokosha kutaura kupfuura yataura saka chii nzizi ndezvaJehovha Atlantic bheseni kuRussia, akawira muna Kuban: Big uye Small Zelenchuk, Federal District, laba, Urup, Pshish, White, FC Afips Afipsky, Psekups (kuruboshwe bhengi), Mara , Dzheguta, Kunorwadza (kurudyi bhengi).

Neva

Kana iwe tarira map of European North kweRussia, hazvina kuoma kuona zvinhu kurwizi wamashekeri yeAtlantic Ocean uye panguva imwecheteyo pfupi. Neva runoyerera kuburikidza maviri Russian Federation - kuburikidza muguta St. Petersburg uye Leningrad nharaunda. It anotevera kubva Ladoga Lake uye mainozonodira kuBaltic Sea (Gulf of Finland, Neva Bay).

With pfupi urefu (anenge 74 km) kworwizi catchment kunharaunda 28 zviuru ba. Makiromita, nokuti ndiye chete ichibva Lake Ladoga. The zvachose rawa 5.1 m.

Bheseni chinhu chisinganzwisisiki hydrological network, pamwe madhamu akawanda uye reservoirs. In yose, Neva catchment nharaunda rinosanganisira pamusoro 48 zviuru penzizi uye pamusoro 26 zviuru madhamu. Saka rechibharo 26 Rwako zvakananga murwizi.

Uyu ndiye Atlantic bheseni, remasangano vari kuruboshwe kumahombekombe Old uye New Ladoga mugero, Mga, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka zvakare, uye kurudyi - rwizi Black uye Ohta. The Delta rakakamurwa kuva ducts akawanda kwakabatana ne makwara.

Aine kureba 74 km Neva okuyerera 78,9 cubic makiromita pagore, iyo otaura nayo munzvimbo pamusoro penzizi gumi muEurope. Avhareji rakafara 400-600 M uye avhareji kudzika - 8-11 mamita.

Nzizi Atlantic bheseni (Donongodzo)

Zvino nyora zvose nzizi zvaisanganisira muAtlantic Ocean bheseni:

1. Don uye mutero waJehovha Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Akanyarara uye Quick Pines, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Bear, Black Kalitva, Beautiful Sword Bityug, dzomuArctic dzinonzi chir, Ilovlya, Osered, Sal.
2. Kuban uye vabati vechibharo: Big uye Small Zelenchuk, Federal District, laba, Urup, Pshish, White, FC Afips Afipsky, Psekups (kuruboshwe bhengi), Mara, Dzheguta, Kunorwadza (kurudyi bhengi).
3. Neva uye vabati vechibharo: Yekare uye New Ladoga mugero, Mga, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka uye kodzero dema uye Ohta.

Kuudza chii nzizi ndezvaJehovha Atlantic bheseni, vakawanda rinogona nharo kuti vose vari dzinofambiswa kushandisa chando. Nokuti akadzikama dzavo, uye zvikurukuru vava garika. Kunyange munyika yedu ndivo, nenzira, hakusi pakukura, uyewo Eurasia. Chinonyanya renguva runoyerera ndivo kweArctic Ocean River.

Zvino, ndinovimba, musingadi zvakaoma kupindura mubvunzo chii nzizi ndezvaJehovha Atlantic bheseni kuRussia.