Nhengo yeNyika yeTurkey: zvinhu

Munhu asinganzwisisi nyaya yacho angafunga kuti kune gaka rakazara pakati penyika dziri kuongorora. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvinowanzogamuchirwa kuti Russia neTurkey zvinopesana. Ichokwadi, izvi hazvisi izvo. Pasinei nehondo dzakawanda muzana remakore rechi18 ne19, vanhu vedu vaigara munyika yose yezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, kutanga nekuguma kweHondo Yenyika Yekutanga.

Zvakawanda zvinoita sezvizivikanwa

Vanhu veRussia neTurkey vanofanana zvikuru kune mumwe nemumwe. Munzvimbo dzakawanda izvi izvi zvinokonzerwa nemamiriro akafanana . Turkey neRussia munguva yakapfuura - umambo, uyo mumakore ekuma1920 akasarudza nzira yekutonga. Nyika mbiri idzi dzakakamurwa kuva zvikamu maererano netsika dzechimiro nemitauro. Rudzi rwehurumende rweTurkey, hongu, haruna hupfumi seRussia, zvisinei, rinosanganisira dzinopfuura makumi matatu nyika.

Takakomberedza nyika dzedu maimbova zvikamu zvezvikamu - zvino zvimiririra zvisizvo, zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nevevanhu vemazuva ano. Nyanzvi dzinotarisawo sangano rezvematongerwe enyika rakafanana, rinotungamirirwa nemutungamiriri akasimba - mutungamiriri we guru guru rezvematongerwe enyika. Chinhu chinonakidza: Turkey ndiyo yekutanga munyika ino kuziva RSFSR uye yakasimbisa hukama hweSocial Union neSoviet Russia musi waJune 2, 1920.

Vanhu veTurkey

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, Turkey ndiyo nyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Kutaura pamusoro pake, unogona kunyanya kutaura nezve "Tourist" - sangano rinobata, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nekuverenga kwevanhu. Inofanirawo kuonekwa kuti kwemakore akawanda (anenge makore ose makumi maviri), vanhu vazhinji vakanyoresa munyika, saka dzakawanda nhamba pamusoro pehuwandu hwemarudzi dzakapiwa nehuwandu hwakawanda.

Pakazara, mamiriyoni 77 vanhu vanogara munyika. Uye iyo nyika yakagadzirwa yeTurkey ndeiyi:

1. Nzvimbo yekutanga inotarisirwa kutora vaTurks, vane mugove uri kusvika ku70% yevanhu vose. Nhamba yacho inosvikira mamiriyoni 65 evanhu.
2. Kurds. Izvo zvinosvika kusvika 14% yehuwandu hwevanhu veTurkey. Vanogara kunyanya kumabvazuva kwenyika, mumakomo. Kune rurimi rwakasiyana - Kurdhi. Ndivo vanhu ava vainyanya kuiswa pasi uye kupikisa kuTurkification. Official Ankara aida kutumidza Kurds "gomo reTurkey". Nhamba yavo yose ndeyevanhu vane mamiriyoni 11.
3. Crimean Tatars. MuTurkey, vanorarama kusvika mamiriyoni mashanu, ayo ari 8% evanhu vomunyika. Vamiririri vevanhu ava vakatamira kuTurkey kubva muzana remakore rechi18, shure kwekuCrimea yakabatana nehurumende yeRussia.
4. VaGiriki. Nhamba yacho inosvika mamiriyoni mana. VaGiriki vave vachigara muTurkey kubvira muByzantine Empire. Ndiwo chete wevanhu vazhinji veTurkey, avo vane chitendero chikuru chechiKristu.
5. Zaza. Kusvika kumamiriyoni maviri evanhu. Vanogara pamwe chete neKurds. Zazy vanhu veIranian, kusiyana neTurkey neKurds ivo vanotaura mutauro weTurkic. Anovasiyanisa ivo nechitendero chavo. The Zaza vaShiites.

Nhamba yacho ndeyevakawanda, asi kwete vanhu vose vane hugaro hukuru hweTurkey. Nhamba yevanhu voruzhinji inosanganisira mamwe akawanda anotaura mutauro weTurkic, uyewo anenge 2 mamiriyoni eArab uye vanopfuura mamiriyoni mana vamiririri vevanhu vakasiyana-siyana veCaucasian.

Vanhu vaduku

Vane vashoma vemunyika yeTurkey vanobatana nevechidiki vechiJudha chevanhu vanenge 20 000, vanenge 50 000 vaJalimane, vaAsiriya 17 000, nevamwewo. Kunewo zviuru zvezviuru zveRussia munyika, uyewo chikamu chekuumbwa kwenyika kweTurkey.

Vose veEurope uye vasiri veTurkic vanowanikwa mumaguta makuru enyika. Chokutanga chezvose - muIstanbul. Usakanganwa kuti Constantinople (zita reguta iri risati rasvika neByzantium nemaOttomans muna 1452) richiri pakati penyika yose yeOrthodox. Iri muConstantinople iyo Ecumenical Council yakaungana . Uyewo muIstanbul pane temberi dzevamwe masangano echiKristu nemasinagogi. Izvo zvose zvorudzi rwezvematongerwo enyika yeTurkey zvinogona kutaura zvakasununguka chitendero chazvo.

Kumaguta

Chiratidzo chehurumende yakatsanangurwa ndechekusiyana kukuru pakati pemaguta uye kumaruwa enyika. Nenzira, chokwadi ichi chakabatanawo nenyika dzedu. Kune Turkey yeEurope, ine guta guru-Istanbul. Nyika yakagara ichiedza kupinda muEuropean Union zvakananga kuburikidza nekuedza kwezvinodanwa. Vekumadokero, yunivhesiti intelligentsia, pamwe chete nevebhizimisi vechikoro yakanyanyogadzirirwa mumusoro.

Uye kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kwenyika upenyu hwakasiyana zvachose. Vanhu variko havakwanisi kuita cosmopolitanism uye havabvumi kudyidzana kwenyika. Ichi ndicho chimiro cheMuslim hinterland zvachose. Vagari vomunharaunda yeTurkey ndivo vanonamata, vanobatanidzwa zvikuru mune zvekurima. Iyi nharaunda ndiyo nzvimbo yekugadzirisa nzvimbo yevanhu veArabhu kumaodzanyemba uye Kurdhi kumabvazuva kwenyika.

Tourism

Kufanana nedzimwe nyika yekumabvazuva, Turkey yakagara ichikwezva vafambi nevatsvakurudzi vanobva kumativi ose enyika. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa kune yakawanda yayo yepamusoro yepamusoro. Mukuwedzera kumhenderekedzo uye mahotera, zvivako zvakakura zvekare kare zvakanyanya kuTurkey. Nokudaro, Istanbul ndiyo inotarirwa neByzantine uye yekuvakwa kwechiIslami, asi Kapadokia ndiyo nzvimbo yezvinhu zvinonakidza zvakarongeka uye nzvimbo dziri mumapako.

Iyo nyika yakagadzirwa nevatashanyi muTurkey inofadzawo. Nzvimbo yekutanga pakati pavo inobatwa nevaJalimane. Kubva kuGermany, vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni mashanu vanouya gore negore. Zvadaro anouya Russia nevakatashanyi vane mamiriyoni 3.5. Vanenge mamiriyoni matatu vanoenda kuEngland vanobva kuEngland.

Nyika dzine vanhu vanoenda kune imwe mamiriyoni kana kupfuura ndeyeBulgaria, Netherlands, France, Georgia, Iran neUnited States.

Vanhu vokuRussia muTurkey

Sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, muTurkey ikoko pane mararamiro akasiyana evanhu vokuRussia vemarudzi (vanenge 50 000 vanhu). Zvakafanana nevana vevatsvene vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika, uye vatsva. Vati vekare vekugara vanogara zvikuru mumaguta makuru eIstanbul neAntalya, uko nzvimbo yakagadzikana inogarwa yakaumbwa.

Nemhaka yezvinoitika zvezvematongerwe enyika, vatashanyi veRussia vanogonazve kushanyira zvinhu zveTurkey uye nzvimbo dzokugara. Kunyanya kushanyira pakati pavo ndiro guta reAntalya. Inowanikwa pamahombekombe eGungwa reMediterranean uye inonyanya kutaridzirwa muhotera yekutengesa, pamwe nekuvaraidza kweusiku.

Tsika uye tsika

Chero nyika ipi nehuwandu hwevanhu vanogara mairi inongogadzira imwe chete, inowanzwisisika mitsika yemamiriro ezvinhu. Turkey yakanga isiri iyo. Zvinyorwa zvayo zvepasi pose zvinosanganisira tsika dzevanhu veCaucasus, Central neCentral Asia, kuMediterranean uye kumaMiddle East.

VaTurkey, kufanana nevanhu vose vokuEastern, havadi kumhanya. Kutsigira uye zvakanaka-zvakasikwa. Paunenge uchitaura navo, zvinokurudzirwa zvikuru kuratidza kufarira munharaunda yemo, uye usati washanyira kunyika - kuti udzidze mazwi ekutanga ekukurukurirana. Izvi zvichabatsira kurongedza chero ani naani anogadzirisa. MuTurkey vanofarira kutaurirana, inozivikanwa kune vanenge vatashanyi vakashanyira nyika. Kana mutengi achangobvumirana nemutengo wakatarwa, zvinogona kukanganisa mutengesi.

Pamusoro pezvose, usakanganwa kuti iyi ndiyo nyika yeIslam. Turkey, iyo dzinza rayo iri 95% muMuslim, inobvuma zvikuru vatsva vemamwe marudzi. Zvisinei, munhu anofanira kugara achiyeuka kuti mutashanyi kana mumwe mutorwa ari muenzi chete.