«¡No pasaran!»: Ko uyu sirogani enyika?

Nhoroondo World izere mashoko akasiyana uye idioms, zvatakanzwa kakawanda, asi kwete kazhinji shamisika kuti dzinorevei. Mamwe mazwi vanoziva kwatiri kubva mabhuku mabasa, kubva mumafirimu kana nziyo. Panewo mashoko kwakativigira Wokutanga Second World Wars, uyewo yevagari kunetsana.

prehistory

¡No pasaran! - Ko aya kuRussia, akaziva kuburikidza Spain. Kunyange chokwadi nguva yokutanga zvakazivikanwa kuburikidza French, uye hazvina zvikuru kufanana Spanish shanduro. Ils NE passeront baratos! rakashandurwa kuti "No ndima!" uye yakatanga kushandiswa muna 1916.

sirogani enyika ino akazviratidza panguva World War First, uye zvakawanda zvakananga, panguva Hondo Verdun, vakatora anenge 10 months: kubva 21 February kusvika 18 December. hondo iyi yakanga rimwe remasangano uye zvikuru zvinotyisa, saka nyaya rakaita Verdun nyama mukuyi. With zviito kodzero French vakakwanisa kumisa vokuGermany.

Panguva iyoyo yakakurumbira French mukuru Rober Zhorzh Nivelle kuti kunyange vaifarira zvokurwa chiito, vachiri kuzvidzivirira, akati, "Kwete ndima!".

Zvino zvakaoma kutaura, mashoko aya asati kana mushure Nivelle akatanga anofananidzirwa pamusoro mapepa pamwe anoparadzirwa. Asi kare muna 1918 On NE passe baratos! It aigona kuonekwa pamusoro posita nokuda Second Battle of Marne. Uyewo dimikira vakatanga kushandisa chiratidzo mapoka.

mbiri

Vozglaz ¡No pasaran! (Translated kubva Spanish - "Ivo haangafambi") akazozivikanwa panguva Civil War kuSpain. Events zvaitika kubva July 1936 kusvika April 1939. Ipapo Kurwisana Second Spanish Republic uye Franco mupanduki ikava inotyisa utsinye.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Francisco Franco aiva piyona ane Fascism muSpain. It akatsigira Italy, Germany uye Portugal. Saka hazvishamisi kuti akasarudza kubvuta simba pamberi hondo muSpain, saka kuti gare gare kudivi Hitler kukunda nyika.

Vakadzi dambudziko

Panguva Civil War, Franco akasvika guru. Asi Anti-yechiFascist mauto akanga akagadzirira kudzivirira. Munyori wekuti ¡No pasaran!, Zvinoreva "Havazopindi kupfuura!" Aiva oppositionist Franco udzvinyiriri Dolores Ibarruri. Uyewo, apo unowanzonzi passionaries.

Mukadzi aiva wematambudziko yakaoma chaizvo, uyewo zvimwe vanoshingaira enyika mufananidzo nguva. Mushure Franco asvika guru, aifanira tama kuna USSR. Ikoko iye akararama kusvikira 1975, pashure Franco afa, akakwanisa kudzoka kunyika yokumusha kwavo.

political sirogani

Mushure Civil War, vakawanda vakadzidza pamusoro mutsara ¡No pasaran!, Izvo zvinoreva kuti ichi sirogani uye akanga akatanga kushanda. Dolores akaita kuti mutsara haisi wokufananidzira. Akatendeukira munhuwo mashoko kuva chiratidzo yose Anti-yechiFascist kufamba. Mumwedzi wokutanga kuedza kutora pamusoro nyika Franco mutsara uyu akabudirira. NevaFascist aifanira kumisa inogumbura. Asi vavengi udzvinyiriri ake pashure mumwe akasvika nevanegumi sirogani ¡Pasaremos!, Asina kugamuchira mukurumbira akadai ¡No pasaran!, Zvinoreva "Tichaenda!".

unosuwisa

Sezvaunoziva, nguva yokutanga Madrid akaramba vaNazi. Asi sezvo pamusana Civil War muSpain, Francisco Franco achiri akava mutongi Spain, uye atova kusvika 1975, kusvikira parufu rwake. 4 Mazuva pakuguma hondo mudzvinyiriri asati akaratidza itirana mutsara - Hemos pasado, iro raireva "Hatina akapfuura."

vamwe mikana

Sezvatakurukura vanzwisisa, mutsara ¡No pasaran!, Zvinoreva "Havazopindi kupfuura!" Raishandiswa panguva Spanish Civil War. Vamwe zvisizvo sangana ichi ine sirogani enyika Viva the Cuba!. Kutaura zvazviri, vari vaviri vakaparadzana mitongo, iyo yaishandiswa panguva dzakasiyana uye hapana pamutemo akanyorwa.

Kazhinji, nhoroondo yacho Cuban chimurenga yakaramba akawanda anozivikanwa masirogani iyo yava dimikira. Vakawanda vavo vaiva nehasha kwazvo nokudenha. Somuenzaniso, ¡Cuba - si! ¡Yankee - kwete! kana Yankee kumusha!. Zvinonzi zvakare inowanzoshandiswa Cuba kotimaa O muerte! ( "Kumusha kana Rufu!").

Soviet uye post-Soviet mashoko kwave dzakakurumbira chaizvo. Havana yagara ngwizhingwi. Vamwe vakarumbidza zviremera: "Simba rose kune neSoviet." Vamwe vanonamata zviito: "Dzidzai, kudzidza, dzidza." Paivawo vaya nekusiyana, kunoda rugare: "Rugare - rugare!" Kana "Rugare, basa, May."