The zvikonzero kuti kuparara umambo Karla Velikogo

Pashure kuverenga nyaya ino, uchadzidza ndezvipi zvikonzero pokuwa umambo Karla Velikogo. Uyezve, isu rinorondedzera Dynasties maviri (merovingian uye Carolingian) uye kunyanya mamiriro ezvinhu Western Europe mukutanga Middle Ages. izvi zvose achakubatsira kunzwisisa zvirinani zvinokonzera kuparara hwacho Karla Velikogo.

Nzvimbo madzinza Western Europe mukutanga Middle Ages

Western Europe mukutanga Ages raiva dzinotevedzana fuza umambo, vane mamiriro ezvinhu akanga kugadzikana. Kuwedzera vaGiriki, munyika dzavo navanhu vemo Roman kwevanhu. Maererano padanho tsika yavo yakasiyana chaizvo kubva nechisimba. Madzinza eGermany akapararira. Vaiva netsika dzakasiyana mitauro uye. Kunyange vaya vakasarudza kutendeuka kuna chiKristu, vakaramba kunamata vanamwari vekare.

Akoromoke hweRoma (ayo mureza anomiririrwa pamusoro) kwakaitika. Kubva zvaiva chete zvimedu. Nokuti nhaka nharo vaVisigoth, Burgundians, Hama naHanzvadzi Alemán uye zvinoverengeka mamwe madzinza. In hondo iyi, vaFrank akava vatungamiri. Rakanga rimwe pamarudzi fuza eGermany vakauya apasi kunosvika kuna Rhine. Merovingian imba mitemo. We vachakuudza pamusoro zvizere, uye ipapo anorondedzera ekutonga Carolingian uye zvikonzero pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo.

hwedzinza merovingian

Yakanga mhuri wokuGermany wechihedheni youmambo. In chiratidzo ukama namwari Wotan, mumwe murume pakati hazvina bvudzi ravo. Sezvo mugumo 5 kusvika 8 pakati. madzimambo dzinza roumambo ichi aitonga nharaunda remangwana Belgium uye France.

Clovis I (asian ake anoratidzwa pazasi) Kutonga 481 kusvikira 511. Ndiye akatanga ibatane madzinza dzakapfirirwa German kupinda chimwe. Ndiye wokutanga vose vechiFrank madzimambo (muna 498 AD) chiKristu. Yakanga kutanga zvechiKristu pakati Gaul. Pashure pokufa kwake ushe rikakamurwa 4 zvikamu, izvo zvinodzorwa kubudikidza navanakomana vake. Yakatanga internecine hondo.

Dagobert Ndaiva wokupedzisira merovingian vatongi. Akatora chinokosha chikamu matunhu nevafundisi uye pakudaro kukonzera kuvenga kwake. Nokuti vafundisi merovingian aiva mutsigiri mukuru. It arashikirwa chete Dagobert. Abbots nemabhishopu vakabatana mambo nevanokudzwa, uye akamuisa meya youshe - kuzvidzora, zvakare mukuru mukuru.

Muzana 7th remakore merovingian simba zvishoma nezvishoma simba. It zvapera kunyimwa ayo simba amambo. Ivo kuzvikomba meya yake youshe, izvo muzana remakore rechi13 vakasarudzwa kubva genus pippinids.

Pepin pamusoro Herstal

With 687 kubva 764 meya youshe rakanga Pepin pakati Herstal. Kuunganidza kwake simba rose, muna 681, akachimedura avstraziytsev. Pashure paizvozvo Pepin akatanga kudana anozviti Duke of Franks. Kubvira ipapo basa merovingian kuva zvachose vasingakoshi. Kings inopa shoma muhoro. Vakararama pamusoro wemunda, apo vakagamuchira zvipo, vakagamuchira pashure. Zvisinei, vakaita zvose chete mirairo mufundisi, waiva pakutanga Pepin. Kazhinji vaifanira kurwa friezes, Bavaria uye Alemannia. Makore 27 okutonga kubudikidza Pepin. Akafa muna 714

Karl Martell uye kukunda kwake

Karl Martell muna 710 Pepin pamusoro Herstal akatora nzvimbo baba vake. Akanga achiziva samambo chaiye. yakakwirira chaizvo chaiva ake muchivonga mukurumbira kune kupenya kukunda akavatapa. Muna October 732, zvaida isa hondo Poitiers. 6 Mazuva rwakatora pakurwa. Hondo kwaibatanidza vaFrank uye navaArabhu. Karl Martell vakundwa, uye navaArabhu vakamanikidzwa kutiza. kukunda uku akamutendera kusimbisa simba muEurope yose, kwete chete muna Gaul. Carl kufa, akapa Karlomanu, mwanakomana wake, Paris; Pepin - Provence, Aquitania uye Neustria Brungundiyu; uye muduku Gryphon awana nhaka duku.

Board Pepin

Simba rose afa Charles akaenda Pepin, Carloman sezvo mukoma wake, akava mumongi. Saka, Pepin akava mutongi bedzi. Akanga azivisa mambo 751, nemhaka Pope. The mutongi wekupedzisira mhuri Akabviswa merovingian, uye akakwira chigaro Carolingian youmambo, izvo akavamba Hutsvene hweRoma.

Pope Stephen II muna 752 Pepin akakumbirwa vadzivirire nyika yake uye Church pamusoro Lombards. Vaiva venhaka Pepin uye Carloman Charles. In zvaanoda akavagovera nyika muzvikamu zviviri, asi Carloman akafa. Apo Pepin akafa, Charles aiva nemakore 26 okuberekwa.

Mabasa Karla Velikogo

Mumwe wevatongi mukuru munhau raiva Karl Veliky. Yaiva ngwizhingwi chaizvo mumiriri. Carl pashure zvose makore 46 ari shingirira, gore negore, akatungamirira hondo. Vaiva nechinangwa chimwe - kuparadzira chiKristu. Kwose kwose hwake Karl ainzwa rwake rinorema. The kugadza emutungamiriri nzvimbo muna 800, yechi25 December. Iye akagadza Charles Leo III. Kubvira ipapo vechiFrank hurumende yakatanga kunzi Carolingian Empire. MuRoma, pana Church St. Petro, kuti kugadza mumwe mambo mutsva. Izvi vasingagutsikane Byzantine mambo. Izvi vakashumira nekunyepedzera kurwa. Zvisinei, Karl akafunga zvokuenda kuti nzwisisa. The Byzantine mambo, akapa Dolmansky kweItari uye Venice.

Karl Veliky aikwanisa kuchengeta vafundisi vari kuzvimiririra ukama. mutongi uyu vaimuona chikuru Chishandiso yavo. Carl aiva mukuru tarenda ogranizatorskim. Akapa akarurama uye simba mirairo feudalism. Vaya mamiriro uye voruzhinji zvavanofarira, vari panguva mambakwedza upenyu enyika akanga dzinoratidzwa vokuGermany, vaifanira kubatana navo ekare eRoma mavambo. Zvisinei, kwemapazi yaiva isina, nekuti coupling okunze kunopesana. Handaikwanisa anobatana pfungwa yokuti feudal youmambo pfungwa. Chokwadi kuti muRoma yekare aifanira risina parinogumira changamire. madzinza akawanda siyana aigara vechiFrank umambo. Carl mimba chikatsiviwa mutemo chete zviri pamutemo zvose kukanganisa, yaiitwa pakati umambo iri. Zvisinei, kurovedza muviri zviri akakundikana.

Kufa Charles uye pakaparara umambo

January 8 814 vakafa kubva fivha Karl Veliky. Kuzadzisa basa rayo, Hutsvene hweRoma vakarambana emakore anoverengeka pashure pokufa kwake.

Unhu Charles kuti vatsivi

3 ichitoratidza zvikonzero pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo, vanofanira kutaura kuti vatsivi Charles vakatadza kuramba kudzikisirana pakati poumambo. Zvizvarwa ake kunge zvakanyangarika musangano zvakwakanakira uye simba kuri mumashoko yezvakaita Carolingian uye munhu Charles awana zvizere mashoko. Kana hurumende gwara, kana unhu havashandisi fadza vanhu kuzviremekedza. Zvakakwana kutaura pamusoro remadunhu- kuti vanhu vakatsamwirwa wokupedzisira Carolingian, kunzwisisa sei zvakasiyana vari tateguru. Chete Louis, mwanakomana muduku Charles uye wokutanga mutsivi wake, vakanakidzwa tsitsi vanhu kuti kuzvitsaurira kwavo kuna Church uye chiKristu. Nokuti ichi akanga remadunhurirwa nevatungamiriri. Munzira dzakawanda, wokupedzisira Carolingians akafanana okupedzisira merovingian (zita remadunhurirwa nokuda kwavo isingadzorwi tuneyadnymi nemadzimambo simbe). Zvizvarwa Charles havana kusvika mukuru pachena chido. Vakanga rinosundwa chinzvimbo nokuchiva, pachake Masvomhu, internecine kukakavara uye hondo, uye kwete ropafadzo Empire. Nenzira iyi pave kudzikisirana ari mamiriro.

Vasingawirirani weGermany uye Roman netsika

Zvinoratidza 3 hunokonzera pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo, uye ichi unonyanyozivikanwa akataura. The umambo Charles, sezvatakagamuchira akati, aiva vachiedza kubatanidza vaviri rinopikisa tsika - weGermany uye Roman. Mutongi kufarira pfungwa hweRoma, izvo zvaida enyika sangano chairo. Chii chaidiwa aiva mutete mashandiro umo munhu wose anofanira kusashanda uye kushumira kuzadzisa chinangwa nevakawanda. VokuGermany vakanga yo chido kuparadzana, kunyanya muupenyu. Vakanga nokukwezvwa pfungwa pachako rusununguko. Teuton aisagona kunzwisisa kodzero mumwe, iye chete aida kuva tenzi kunharaunda yayo. No ukama, kwete zvinodiwa pachake izvozvo, haana kuda kuziva.

ainetsana

Kuramba kutsanangura pfungwa 3 zvikonzero pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo zvishoma, tinosvika rechitatu. Akanga ari yokunyanyisa kusabatana akasikwa mutongi uyu ehurumende. madzinza eGermany, vanoumba ayo chikamu, akapararira zvakasimba. Sezvineiwo, hurumende iri kuomesa mupfungwa haagoni kunzi rezvitendero Charles. Pashure pezvose, ivo kazhinji kuonekwa ndima inogarwa nevanhu zvinodzorwa nemitemo chete, muri zita zvakajairika, uye vari dzaibatanidzwa zvakafanana zvinodiwa. The umambo Karla Velikogo haana kuchengetwa chinhu chakadaro. vagari vemo haana vanoumba yoga rudzi. Haana kunyange vane mutauro nevakawanda.

Saka, isu akatsanangura zvikonzero zvitatu pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo. kushanda kwavo yaisanganisa kwakatungamirira kuti chii chimwe kamwe hurumende kwabviswa suschestovat.

pfungwa kuGizo

Kudiwa 4 hunokonzera pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo? Unofanira kuenda maonero kuGizo. Anotsanangura zvishoma kwakaoma sei paiva pokuwa umambo Karla Velikogo. The mutsvakurudzi rinotaura kuti pfungwa Umambo dzimwe nguva ravane vokuGermany voga. Guizot akataura kuti kwete chete yenyika zvido vakatumwa kurwira wake, asi munhu Masvomhu uye nenzvimbo ezvinhu. Pakupedzisira, kuti muongorori anoratidza zvakasimba pfungwa yokuti magariro uye nezvetsika vanhu vari kupiwa ichikosha akaramba chero sangano, hurumende chero zvakawanda uye munhu. Vanhu panguva iyoyo aisaziva kuti kuGizo anoti. Avo kuti vaiva, iri murombo. Very zvishoma uye kashoma vakanga paruzhinji pabonde. Jengachenga upenyu uye pfungwa kwete panguva iyoyo yakakura. KuGizo anoti vanhu zvikuru pasi ezvinhu akadaro hazvibviri.

The zvakawedzera kutsamira miduku yokuruwa

Asi handizvo zvose zvinokonzera kuparara hwacho Karla Velikogo. 5 Zvikonzero vangazivikanwa, 4 zvatakapfidza zvinorondedzerwa. Paiva wokupedzisira. Muzana remakore rechi9 pokuwa Carolingian Empire Akaperekedzwa kwete chete nokuda internecine hondo, asi vomuNorway yaingopambwa. Paiva mhirizhonga, izvo zvakawedzera kutsamira pane vanhuwo zvavo, vakanga kubata ngozi zvaibiwa kwakaenderera kuti vaMuslim uye VaViking. An localization simba. Zvino iye kusimbiswa dzimwe nhare dzakavakirirwa iri munyika. Munguva ino yerima nguva feudal simba, saka kuti zvakanga pedyo pasi. Inenge mhiri Hurumende kuparadzira seigniorial matare yakanyanya pamusoro vanhuwo zvavo. Kunyange zvazvo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti rwezasi, apo yakadzika rupawo akasiya nhaka kare, aiva zvishoma feodalizirovan. Munzvimbo idzi kwaiva zvakawanda mazita kwamachinda, vakanga kwete feudal ino, uye pfuma. Uyewo, kwaiva zvikuru zvinoverengeka akazvimirira varimi.

Ndivo zvikonzero kuti kuparara hwacho Karla Velikogo, zvishoma inozivikanwa. Zvinofanira kukuudza nezvebasa payo vaitambira munhau.

Basa Karl Empire

Empire, vakasikwa Karl, wakapata vabatane basa. It kwakaratidzwa kunyanya dzakawanda ukama mukati Europe. Western Europe kutanga muna akaoma ezvinhu oupenyu zvaro zvinokosha. upfumi rakaparadzwa, vakawira rinooneka padanho yebudiriro, akare centralized wehurumende rakaparadzwa. Akakundikana kuedza ndiponesezve yaimbova hweRoma. State simba mukati wacho umambo akaramba nekaupenyu simba.

Process kuora Empire

Charlemagne kuti umambo wayo disintegration - nyaya inofanira zvakazara pachena. About nyika uye zvikonzero kuwedzera kwayo, taitaura. In mhedziso, mashoko mashoma pamusoro sei chirongwa disintegration kwakaitika. Akaita kubvira panguva rufu Charles, kwakaitika muna 814, pamberi pakutanga remakore rechi11.

Izvi zvakaitika zvishoma nezvishoma. basa ravo mairi reDare zvakasiyana zvinokonzera pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo, izvo tataura. At pakutanga Carolingian Empire, vakaumba zvakawanda kana zvishoma guru mapoka, izvo mune ramangwana vakava inoti kuWestern Europe. Kwapera nguva mukati nerimwe mapoka aya proiszoshlo kusabatana munzvimbo yayo constituent nhengo. Nokufamba kwenguva, mukuru zvikonzero pokuwa Charlemagne kwakaita umambo kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti remakore rechi11 Europe rava akafuka richikurukura akazvimiririra Holdings duku, izvo chokuita mumwe vakanga vasina simba kubatana. I kuisa feudalism nezvaiva muWestern Europe inenge matatu emakore uye yakagoverwa kuna vose voruzhinji, mamiriro, zveupfumi uye mhuri ukama. Akava rakakura nhoroondo pamusana manyowa pakati poumambo naCharles.

Zvino imi munoziva mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti: "? Ndezvipi zvikonzero pokuwa hwacho Karla Velikogo" Tinovimba kuti mashoko acho munyaya ino unobatsira iwe.