Anna Ivanovna: Paitonga nhoroondo uye dhigirii kuRussia

Nokuti zvombo Russian muna 1709 rakanga rizere mbiri kukunda. At Poltava Petr Veliky akakunda hondo yose Swedish King Charles nemiviri - mauto Russian vakabudirira avadzinga Baltics. Kuti usimbise simba rayo riri yakakunda nyika, Peter akasarudza kupa mumwe wehama dzake vazhinji Duke pakati Courland Fridriha Vilgelma.

The Emperor akatendeukira yomukoma wake chirikadzi Praskovya Fyodorovna zano: mumwe navanasikana varo, iye anoda kupa kune muchinda? Uye sezvo akanga asina kufanana inotyisa kuchata-mweni, akasarudza asingachadiwi namanomwe egore Anna mwanasikana. Izvi kwaiva ramangwana Empress Anna Ivanovna.

Vana vechidiki ramangwana Empress

Anna akaberekwa musi waJanuary 28, 1693 muMoscow, mumhuri yacho mukoma Petra Velikogo Ivan Rechishanu. Akapedza achiri muduku muna Izmailovo naamai vake nehanzvadzi yake. Sezvo vomunguva akataura, Anna Ivanovna aiva mwana atendeuka, vakanyarara uye nevamwe. Kubvira achiri mudiki zvakanga vakadzidziswa kuverenga nokunyora German uye French. Verenga uye kunyora, akadzidza, asi kutamba uye enyika netsika muchindakadzi haana kugona.

Wedding Anna vaipemberera October 31, 1710 mune konekwa St. Petersburg Menshikov Palace. Early gore rakatevera, Anna Ivanovna, uye Duke pamusoro Courland muna Mitau akasiya guru. Asi munzira, Wilhelm akafa zvisingatarisirwi. Saka muchindakadzi akava chirikadzi pashure pemwedzi mishomanana pashure muchato.

Makore asati ushe Anna

Petr Veliky akarayira Anna aiva nekodzero Kurland. Achiziva kuti akanga asina muzukuru akangwara chaizvo havazokwanisi kushumira zvido Russia muna duchy, akaenda pamwe naye Peter Bestuzhev-Rumin. Muna 1726, apo Bestuzhev-Ryumin wakasuduruka Courland, Anna akazviratidza mudare Ernst Johann Biron - uyo akatadza muna Koenigsberg University wamambo.

Pakafa Petra Velikogo Russian Empire zvakaitika chinhu kusvikira zvikuru kumbonzwiwa - choumambo pamusoro Tsars Russian akamuka mukadzi! Chirikadzi Peter I, Catherine. Kutonga ndiko anenge makore maviri. Nguva pfupi asati afa, kuchimbudzi Council Akasarudza sezvo muzukuru Emperor Petra Velikogo, Peter I. Akakwira choumambo pazera gumi neimwe, asi vakafa nechibhokisi pa gumi.

Ezvinhu, kana kuurayiwa nhengo repachivande

Supreme achizivawo Council akasarudza kudana Anna pachigaro choushe, panguva iyoyowo vakaomerwa simba rayo autocratic. Vakaita "mamiriro", apo mamiriro ezvinhu akanga akagadzira apo Anna Ivanovna akakokwa rwugare chigaro. Maererano bepa ichi pasina mvumo kuchimbudzi Council, aisagona kududzira munhu hondo, kugumisa rugare zvibvumirano, kuti muraire kuhondo kana kurinda, simudza kana kuisa mitero, uye zvichingodaro.

January 25, 1730 vamiririri repachivande vakauya "ezvinhu" muna Metavu uye Duchess, paakabvuma kuna vose kurambidzwa, akasaina navo. Nokukurumidza, idzva Empress Anna akasvika muMoscow. Ikoko February 25 vamiririri Moscow kwamachinda kudare chikumbiro hwake chikumbiro haana kugamuchira mamiriro uye autocratic utongi. Zvino Empress vaivateerera. Iye pachena akabvarura gwaro uye anoparadza Supreme achizivawo Council. Nhengo dzaro zvakaendeswa uye aurayiwa, uye Anna akanga korona iri kubvuma Cathedral.

Anna Ivanovna: mukutonga uye simba munhu watinoda kuti mumwe kufarira mutemo

Paitonga Anny Ioannovny nayo akasikwa ari Cabinet, umo huru basa rakanga reDare mumwe shamwari Peter Yokutanga Vice chanzera Andrei Osterman. Ernst Biron kufarira of Empress enyika havana kupindira. Kunyange akatonga oga Anna Ioannovna, paitonga wake Russian historiography aizivikanwa Biron.

Muna January 1732 Imperial dare yakatamira St. Petersburg. Pano, Anna, nokuti yakareba aigara Europe nguva, ndainzwa vasununguka pane kuti muMoscow. Foreign Mutemo yokutonga Anny Ioannovny aiva kuenderera mutemo Petra Velikogo: Russia kurwa nokuti vokuPoland Kwevaapostora uye anoenda kundorwa Turkey, panguva iyo mauto Russian vakafirwa zviuru zana vanhu.

Zvemashoko Empress kusvika mamiriro Russian

Chii chakaitwa kuti Russia Anna Ivanovna? Paitonga yayo kwakaratidzwa pokumuka ndima itsva. The mamiriro akawana nhare Azov, ari inowanzorimwa pakati Bug uye Dniester, asi pasina kodzero chengeta zvikepe muGungwa Dema. Rinotanga kushanda Guru Northern rwendo, vachiongorora Siberia uye kweArctic Ocean uye Kamchatka.

By chirevo Empress rinotanga chimwe chezvinhu chinzvimbo okuvaka munhoroondo Russian Empire - kuvaka imwe huru kwegadziriro masvingo pamwe kumaodzanyemba uye kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kumuganhu European chikamu Russia. Izvi pamwero mukuru kuvaka, rwakatanga rokutonga Anny Ioannovny, anganzi wokutanga tsika nemagariro mabasa yeRussian Empire muna Volga. Kumabvazuva kumuganhu European muumambo hwacho anoita kuti Orenburg rwendo, uko hurumende Anny Ioannovny kunoisawo nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda.

Kurwara uye rufu mambokadzi

Paaive kumuganhu hwacho kanoni akatinhira uye akafira kubwinya wamambo masoja namachinda, guta guru muumbozha uye varaidzo. Anna aiva utera uye kuvhima. Makamuri Peterhof Palace vakanga nguva dzose akatakura pfuti, iyo Empress airamba ari shiri kuchipfuura. Aida kuti vakombe pachake pamwe courtiers uye jesters.

Asi regai chete kupfura, uye akakwanisa kuvaraidza Anna Ivanovna, paitonga ayo chokuita chakakura chaizvo mamiriro ezvinhu. Makore gumi Kutonga pedyo Empress, uye makore ose aya Russia akavaka, vakarwa uye kuwedzera miganhu. October 5, 1740 nokuda kwevaakanga ari Empress ndafenda uye, vanga vachirwara kwemazuva gumi, akafa.