KGB: achiongorora zvaive abbreviations uye matsamba masangano

rudzi ose vaigara munharaunda imwe hurumende kana mubatanidzwa anekodzero yakachengeteka uye mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka muupenyu. Panyaya iyi, hurumende yacho iri kuedza kuumba chikwata chine simba, iyo dzaizomutswa nhau dzakadaro zvinokosha, kupa vanhu vose zvakakodzera. Pane imwe nguva, basa iri raiitwa KGB (inopangidza: "State Security Committee"). Munguva Soviet, kuti hurongwa ndiwo musimboti utariri muviri, izvo zvakapa kuchengeteka munyika uye vakashanda kwemakore 37.

Mabasa uye masimba upenyu

KGB akanga achiparidza mabasa operative-kutsvaka, kudzivirira ehurumende miganhu, ari kwokunze kutsvaka uye counterintelligence, kupa hurumende kukurukurirana. The Committee zvakare mutsimba kuparadzana, urudzi uye Anti-Soviet basa. The hurongwa kwaisanganisira yoga zvinhu (kwaiva gumi) pamusoro munharaunda Republic Union, vakuru vomunzvimbo vemauto maruwa, kubatana, muganhu mauto, kutsvakurudza uye dzidzo masangano, uye dzimwe muzvikamu zhinji. KGB (inopangidza izvo anozivikanwa kusvika munhu wose) panguva iyoyo aiva mazita akasiyana uye statuses. Nhasi, zita iri rinoshandiswa, kazhinji zviri kukurukurirana, kana akataura mumwe Russian chaiwo mabasa.

Nhoroondo panowanikwa komiti

State Security Committee hwagadzwa February 4, 1954. Inoitwa kuBazi Internal Affairs of USSR, akasiyana-siyana uye madhipatimendi. Sachigaro KGB (inopangidza izvo anzverwa musi March 13 1954) vakava Colonel-General Ivan Serov. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti komiti haana kusikirwa kuva nechepakati nhengo wehurumende simba. Akanga kunge dhipatimendi Hurumende yeSoviet Union.

A chepfungwa hurongwa dzakarongwa neKGB of USSR. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kwave gumi navatanhatu, asi mamwe mabhuku vanoramba mashoko ichi, achiti kuti nhamba hazvinyatsozivikanwi. First Chief Directorate akanga akachenjera, wechipiri - zvemukati kuchengeteka. Ipapo mauto counterintelligence, kurwisa Anti-Soviet okunze, zvokufambisa kuchengeteka, operative-kutsvaka basa, asi encryption-Decryption mabhizimisi uye kukurukurirana, kudzivirirwa hurumende nebato vatungamiri, basa iri commandant of Moscow Kremlin, mushonga (zvoutano), redhiyo kuvhura, zvemagetsi ungwaru, upfumi kuvimbika.

Preparation of KGB

History of KGB (inopangidza iro mazuvano inowanzoshandiswa kureva Russian kuchengeteka mabasa) rakanyatsojeka rakafara uye inofukidza anenge ose nzvimbo paruzhinji yaitonga. Kuwanda mitumbi kushanda dare, vakasvika anenge matatu namazana vanhu. Apo KGB kwakanga zvikoro, chinangwa chakanga kugadzirira uye ape zvikuru akakodzera Kumabasa kuchengetedzwa nhengo Soviet Union. It rinoumbwa kumayunivhesiti, mumakoreji, zvikoro, kudzidzisa nzvimbo uye anokosha mapoka. Mabasa nemasangano akatarisira KGB.